This paper deals with studies concerning the seeds of ten genera in Pinaceae. The result of this research includes the following three parts: (1) the morphological and anatomical features of seeds, seed wings, seedcoats, resin vesicles, hilums, endosperms and embryos. (2) key to the seeds, wings and seedlings of genera of Pinaceae. , (3) the seed characters concerning seed test, collection, handling and storage for each genus.