Abstract: Fiber dimension and chemical components of xylem and phloem of Hibiscus cannabinus have been determined.Bastfibers are long and thin. They are similar to softwood in dimension and structure, xylon and short and thick, The content of holoccllulose in phloem is higher than in xylem but the contents of lignin, pentosan and dissolved matter in 1% NaOH are lower. Holocellulose is mainly composed of glucosyl and xylosyl. Glucosyl centent of holocellulose in phloem is higher than in xylem, conversely xylosyl is lower.Bastfiber of Hibisucs cannabinus can replace softwood and be used for making high-quality pulp. The quality of pulp making from its xylon was estimated much worsl.