Abstract: Based on the analysis of forest litter on the hydro-ecological function, the paper expounds the great contribution to soil and water loss control. Forest litter can greatly reduce surface runoff amount by absorbing, intercepting rainfall and increasing soil infiltration capability. Research results show that the maximum absorption rates of the leaves of moss, conifer, soft broadleaf and hard broadleaf are 587%,172%,386% and 250% respectively. The soil infiltration condition doses not depend on the density and structure of forest stand but on the characteristics and depth of forest litter on the stand. Forest litter can also increase soil anti-erodibility and control soil and water loss efficiently by improving soil characteristics. The mixed forest is much better than pure forest on soil improvement for its heavy forest litter. It is suggested that great attention of forest litter on soil characteristics improvement and flood reducing should be paid to. In order to accelerate the litter accumulation