<正>采用不同剂量的氧硫化碳COS对蔬菜和花卉的有害生物进行了熏蒸处理，结果表明，COS对供试的13种害虫均有杀虫效果，熏蒸效果随COS浓度和处理时间的增加而提高，但对2种线虫无熏蒸效果。在20±1℃或25℃条件下，剂量为40g/m3的COS熏蒸2h能有效杀死蔬菜和花卉中的害虫，但在该剂量和时间处理下不能有效杀灭土壤中的线虫。COS熏蒸处理对水果、蔬菜、鲜切花、百合种球和盆栽观赏植物影响的研究表明：用剂量为40g/m3的COS熏蒸2h后，COS对水果、蔬菜不产生药害，对果蔬外观和品质无影响；对植物的花朵无药害，但对植物叶片，特别是兰科、凤梨科等多肉质植物有较大药害，处理后的植物叶片出现脱水现象。

The effects of environmental factors, such as physical perturbing, microbial activity, temperature and incubation time, on phosphorus release from the sediments of eutrophic rivers were studied. Total phosphorus (TP), dissolved total phosphorus (TDP) and solved orthophosphorus (SRP) as the indicators were used. The results showed that environmental factors had distinct impacts on the release of total phosphorus into water, while they had less effects on other two indicators. Furthermore, the research on the crossed effects of different factors showed that the impacts of environmental factors on the release intensity could be described from strong to weak: physical perturbing, incubation time, microbial activity, temperature. It also showed that temperature had indirect effects on the release of phosphorus from sediments through changing the microbial activity.