将短切碳纤维(SCF)与木粉(WF)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)塑料和其他添加剂共混、熔融复合后, 用模压成型方法制备了短切碳纤维增强木塑(SCF/WF/HDPE)复合材料; 将碳布放置于木塑板上下表面,经模压成型制备碳纤维布增强木塑(CFC/WF/HDPE)复合材料。研究了碳纤维用量对碳纤维增强WF/HDPE复合材力学性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)和红外光谱(FTIR)对碳纤维进行表征。结果表明:与纯WF/HDPE复合材相比,碳纤维加入量为10%时,复合材料的力学强度提高幅度最大,拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高了8.4%和10.6%; 当碳纤维加入量为6%时,复合材料的韧性提高幅度最大,断裂伸长率提高了25.9%,冲击强度提高了24.4%。使用丙酮清洗掉碳纤维表面的上浆剂后,其增强效果比未经过处理的碳纤维略有下降。与短切碳纤维相比,碳布的增强效果更好,与短切碳纤维增强木塑(SCF/WF/HDPE)复合材料相比,碳布平铺在木塑板表面的结构拉伸性能可提高62%,断裂伸长率提高148%,弯曲强度提高71%,冲击强度提高313%。
Abstract
Short carbon fibers(SCF), wood flour(WF), high density polyethylene(HDPE)plastic, and other additives were mixed and compounded, then they were hot-press molded to SCF/WF/HDPE composite board. The effects of the carbon fiber content and surface sizing agent on the mechanical properties of the hybrid composites were studied. Carbon fibers were characterized by SEM and FTIR. The results showed that the tensile strength and bending strength of SCF/WF/HDPE increased by 8.4% and 10.6%, respectively, comparing with the control sample without carbon fiber when SCF content was 10%. When SCF content was 6%, the elongation at break and impact strength of SCF/WF/HDPE composite increased by 25.9% and 24.4%, respectively. The sizing agent on the surface of carbon fiber was benefit for bonding with WF/HDPE composite. When carbon fiber was used in the form of cloth, it could present much better reinforcement than that of short carbon fiber. Comparing with SCF/WF/HDPE composite, the tensile strength, the elongation at break, the bending strength and the impact strength were increased by 62%, 148%, 71%, and 313%, respectively, when carbon fiber cloth was attached to the surfaces of WF/HDPE composite board.
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基金
收稿日期:2014-03-26 修回日期:2014-11-20
基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD32B00); 国家高技术研究发展计划(2012AA03A204)
第一作者:杜凤,硕士生。*通信作者:王伟宏,教授。E-mail: weihongwang2001@aliyun.com。
引文格式:杜凤,王伟宏. 碳纤维增强木粉/聚乙烯复合材料的制备及其力学性能[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(2):132-136.
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