南京林业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 157-164.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202106012
王建军1,2(), 王敬贤2,*(), 栾庆书2, 都慧3, 姜旭2, 董莉莉2, 曹传旺1
收稿日期:
2021-06-12
接受日期:
2021-12-29
出版日期:
2022-05-30
发布日期:
2022-06-10
通讯作者:
王敬贤
基金资助:
WANG Jianjun1,2(), WANG Jingxian2,*(), LUAN Qingshu2, DU Hui3, JIANG Xu2, DONG Lili2, CAO Chuanwang1
Received:
2021-06-12
Accepted:
2021-12-29
Online:
2022-05-30
Published:
2022-06-10
Contact:
WANG Jingxian
摘要:
【目的】明确大蛾卵跳小蜂雌雄成虫触角感受器的类型、数量和分布特征,为探究各感受器的内部结构、感受机制及相关功能提供基础。【方法】利用扫描电镜观察大蛾卵跳小蜂的触角结构、长度及触角感受器的形态特征;鉴定感受器的类型,统计触角背面和腹面不同类型感受器的数量、位置。通过独立样本t检验比较触角长度和同类感受器的长度、宽度、数量在雌、雄蜂间的差异;比较不同亚节上感受器的数量、分布密度在雌、雄蜂间的差异。【结果】大蛾卵跳小蜂触角呈膝状,雌蜂的触角总长[(806.79±4.30) μm]大于雄蜂触角总长[(781.13±7.13) μm]。雌蜂触角鞭节有9亚节,包括6索节和3棒节;雄蜂触角鞭节有7亚节,包括6索节和1棒节。雌、雄蜂触角上都着生7种类型感受器,分别为毛形感受器(TS)、刺形感受器(ChS)、钟形感受器(CaS)、板形感受器(PS)、乳状感受器(MS)、Böhm氏鬃毛(BB)、指形感受器(FS)。TS和FS都分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型。雌蜂和雄蜂上TS的数量最多、分布最广,TSⅠ和TSⅡ在雌雄间的数量无显著差异。雌蜂ChS、FSⅠ的数量显著大于雄蜂相同类型的感器数量;雌蜂BB、FSⅡ的数量显著小于雄蜂相同类型的感器数量。PS、CaS、MS的数量在雌雄蜂间无显著差异。观察发现,从触角基部到端部,感受器类型和数量越来越多,密度越来越大。【结论】雌、雄蜂触角感受器的总量较为接近,但不同感受器数量、大小和分布存在差异,具有明显的性二型现象;跳小蜂科昆虫中存在钟形感受器;大蛾卵跳小蜂的触角鞭节可能在寄主定位、识别、产卵等过程中起到更重要的作用。
中图分类号:
王建军,王敬贤,栾庆书,等. 大蛾卵跳小蜂触角感受器的扫描电镜观察[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 46(3): 157-164.
WANG Jianjun, WANG Jingxian, LUAN Qingshu, DU Hui, JIANG Xu, DONG Lili, CAO Chuanwang. Scanning electron microscopy observation on the antennal sensilla of Ooencyrtus kuvanae[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 46(3): 157-164.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202106012.
图1
大蛾卵跳小蜂雌、雄蜂形态及触角结构 a. 雌蜂female; b. 雄蜂male; c. 雌蜂头部及触角head and antennae of female; d. 雌蜂触角antenna of female; e. 雄蜂触角antenna of male。Ra. 支角突antennifer; Sc. 柄节scape; Pe. 梗节pedicel; F1. 第1索亚节first funicle; F2. 第2索亚节second funicle; F3. 第3索亚节third funicle; F4. 第4索亚节fourth funicle; F5. 第5索亚节fifth funicle; F6. 第6索亚节sixth funicle; C1. 第1棒亚节first clava; C2. 第2棒亚节second clava; C3. 第3棒亚节third clava."
表1
大蛾卵跳小蜂触角各亚节长度 单位:μm"
性别 gender | 支角突 antennifer | 柄节 scape | 梗节 pedicel | 鞭节flagellum | 触角全长 overall length of antenna | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | F5 | F6 | C1 | C2 | C3 | F1—C3 | |||||
雌蜂female | 57.90± 2.75 a | 227.20± 4.58 a | 80.52± 2.40 a | 36.36± 1.16 b | 42.50± 0.78 b | 48.52± 1.10 b | 49.14± 1.64 b | 50.52± 0.50 b | 44.18± 0.61 b | 56.24± 1.63 b | 41.48± 0.73 | 51.46± 2.25 | 428.33± 3.59 b | 806.79± 4.30 a |
雄蜂male | 45.55± 2.17 b | 188.20± 2.58 b | 51.60± 2.83 b | 51.46± 1.06 a | 55.40± 1.22 a | 62.58± 1.77 a | 63.44± 1.02 a | 63.88± 1.16 a | 59.12± 1.42 a | 129.60± 1.91 a | — | — | 492.10± 2.04 a | 781.13± 7.13 b |
图2
大蛾卵跳小蜂触角感受器超微结构TSⅠ. 毛形感受器Ⅰ型trichodea sensilla subtype Ⅰ; TSⅡ. 毛形感受器Ⅱ型trichodea sensilla subtype Ⅱ; ChS. 刺形感受器chaetica sensilla; CaS. 钟形感受器campullacea sensilla; PS. 板形感受器placodea sensilla; MS. 乳状感受器mammilliformia sensilla; BB. Böhm氏鬃毛Böhm bristles; FSⅠ. 指形感受器Ⅰ型finger-like sensilla subtype Ⅰ; FSⅡ. 指形感受器Ⅱ型 finger-like sensilla subtype Ⅱ. 下同。The same below."
表2
大蛾卵跳小蜂触角感受器大小和数量"
感受器类型 type of sensilla | 长度/μm length | 基部直径/μm basal diameter | 数量 number | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
雌蜂female | 雄蜂male | 雌蜂female | 雄蜂male | 雌蜂female | 雄蜂male | |
毛形感受器Ⅰ型 TSⅠ | 22.95±0.65 b | 30.53±0.48 a | 1.11±0.03 b | 1.41±0.02 a | 82.50±13.43 a | 104.60±8.28 a |
毛形感受器Ⅱ型 TSⅡ | 8.90±0.49 b | 19.11±0.51 a | 0.88±0.04 a | 0.89±0.03 a | 110.25±24.34 a | 102.40±10.41 a |
刺形感受器 ChS | 20.28±0.95 a | 22.68±1.14 a | 1.07±0.03 a | 1.12±0.04 a | 41.75±5.01 a | 19.80±1.69 b |
钟形感受器CaS | — | — | 4.05±0.24 a | 3.87±0.11 a | 1.80±0.20 a | 1.20±0.20 a |
板形感受器 PS | 30.72±1.00 b | 35.19±0.68 a | 3.12±0.11 a | 3.06±0.17 a | 16.00±2.86 a | 10.00±2.91 a |
Böhm氏鬃毛 BB | 3.73±0.16 a | 5.37±0.35 b | 0.84±0.07 a | 0.80±0.05 a | 8.00±0.71 b | 10.75±0.75 a |
乳状感受器 MS | 4.14±0.16 a | 3.53±0.14 b | 1.23±0.07 a | 1.31±0.06 a | 6.25±3.42 a | 4.80±2.40 a |
指形感受器Ⅰ型 FSⅠ | 7.92±0.29 a | 9.79±1.56 a | 0.68±0.08 a | 0.94±0.13 a | 7.67±0.33 a | 1.20±0.20 b |
指形感受器Ⅱ型 FSⅡ | 7.13±0.06 b | 11.03±0.26 a | 1.36±0.19 a | 1.72±0.07 a | 4.67±0.33 b | 7.20±0.67 a |
合计total | — | — | — | — | 267.25±36.55 a | 250.40±8.21 a |
表3
大蛾卵跳小蜂触角各亚节上感受器分布"
亚节 segments | 感受器类型types | 感受器数量 number | 数量密度/(个·μm-1) density | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
雌蜂female | 雄蜂male | 雌蜂female | 雄蜂male | 雌蜂female | 雄蜂male | ||
支角突antennifer | BB | BB | 7.25±1.03 a | 5.80±1.66 a | 0.13±0.02 a | 0.13±0.04 a | |
柄节scape | ChS | ChS | 29.75±4.39 a | 15.60±3.11 b | 0.13±0.02 a | 0.08±0.02 a | |
梗节pedicel | BB、ChS、CaS | BB、ChS、CaS、MS | 12.75±2.10 a | 9.40±1.03 a | 0.16±0.03 a | 0.18±0.02 a | |
鞭节 flagellum | F1 | TSⅠ、MS | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS | 10.00±1.47 b | 20.80±1.62 a | 0.28±0.04 b | 0.40±0.03 a |
F2 | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | 12.50±1.04 b | 20.00±1.14 a | 0.29±0.02 a | 0.36±0.02 a | |
F3 | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | 18.75±1.65 a | 20.00±1.30 a | 0.39±0.03 a | 0.32±0.02 a | |
F4 | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | 17.75±1.11 b | 22.60±1.57 a | 0.36±0.02 a | 0.36±0.02 a | |
F5 | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | 20.25±1.60 a | 21.60±2.16 a | 0.40±0.03 a | 0.34±0.03 a | |
F6 | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | 19.50±2.40 a | 24.40±3.09 a | 0.44±0.05 a | 0.41±0.05 a | |
C1 | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、 PS、FSⅠ、FSⅡ | 36.75±5.50 b | 90.20±4.62 a | 0.65±0.10 a | 0.70±0.04 a | |
C2 | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、PS | — | 34.50±13.84 | — | 0.83±0.33 | — | |
C3 | TSⅠ、TSⅡ、MS、 PS、FSⅠ、FSⅡ | — | 47.50±15.92 | — | 0.92±0.31 | — |
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