毛竹林下植被演替过程中土壤颗粒组成与水分入渗特征

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202205039

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 108-116.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202205039

• 专题报道Ⅱ:土壤生态修复理论与技术研究(执行主编张金池) • 上一篇下一篇

毛竹林下植被演替过程中土壤颗粒组成与水分入渗特征

谢燕燕¹^,²(), 郭子武¹^,^*(), 林树燕², 左珂怡¹, 杨丽婷¹, 徐森¹, 谷瑞¹, 陈双林¹

1.中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州 311400
2.南京林业大学竹类研究所, 江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2022-05-20 修回日期:2023-04-30 出版日期:2024-05-30 发布日期:2024-06-14
作者简介:谢燕燕(1459468748@qq.com)。
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发项目(2020C02008)

Soil particle distribution and water infiltration characteristics during vegetation succession in Phyllostachys edulis stands

XIE Yanyan¹^,²(), GUO Ziwu¹^,^*(), LIN Shuyan², ZUO Keyi¹, YANG Liting¹, XU Sen¹, GU Rui¹, CHEN Shuanglin¹

1. Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
2. Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2022-05-20 Revised:2023-04-30 Online:2024-05-30 Published:2024-06-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】测定毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)林地不同土层土壤粒径组成、分布和水分入渗性能,揭示土壤粒径分布及水分入渗性能对林下植被演替的响应规律,为毛竹林地土壤生态管理与植被更新提供依据。【方法】以林下植被演替年限分别为0、9及21 a的毛竹林为研究对象,测定了林地不同土层,即[0, 10) cm、[10, 20) cm和[20, 30) cm层土壤颗粒组成、土壤颗粒体积分形维数,采用Kostiakov、Philip和Horton模型模拟分析土壤水分入渗性能,解析土壤分形特征与颗粒组成、水分入渗性能的关系。【结果】同一演替年限毛竹林土壤黏粒、粉粒含量、分形维数和水分入渗性能均随土层深度增加而降低,而砂粒含量逐渐增加。随林下植被演替年限延长,[0, 10) cm土层黏粒、粉粒含量及分形维数逐渐下降,砂粒含量逐渐增加,[10, 20) cm和[20, 30) cm土层黏粒、粉粒含量及分形维数呈先升高后下降的趋势,砂粒含量则与之相反;不同土层土壤初渗率和稳渗率总体呈升高的变化趋势;土壤分形维数与黏粉粒含量、初渗率和稳渗率均呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),与砂粒含量呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05);Kostiakov与Horton模型更适用于试验毛竹林土壤水分入渗过程模拟。【结论】毛竹林下植被演替能够显著改善土壤粒径结构,提高土壤水分入渗性能,且呈现明显的演替时间效应,植被演替21 a毛竹林的土壤水分入渗性能明显优于植被演替9 a毛竹林和毛竹纯林的。

关键词: 毛竹, 植被演替, 土壤粒径, 分形特征, 土壤水分入渗性能

Abstract:

【Objective】 The particle size composition, distribution, and water infiltration capability of soil in different soil layers of Phyllostachys edulis stands were measured. The response of soil particle size distribution and water infiltration capability to understory vegetation succession was revealed, which provides guidance for soil ecological management and vegetation renewal of P. edulis stands.【Method】 The understory vegetation successional ages of 21, 9 and 0 years in P. edulis stands were chosen for research. Soil particle size composition and fractal dimension of soil particle volume in different soil layers, as [0, 10) cm, [10, 20) cm, [20, 30) cm of stands land were measured. Soil water infiltration capability was simulated by using Kostiakov, Philip and Horton models. The relationships among soil fractal characteristics, particle composition, and water infiltration capability were analyzed. 【Result】 For P. edulis forests with the same understory successional years, soil clay content, silt content, fractal dimension, and water infiltration capability decreased with the increase of soil depth, while sand content increased gradually. With the extension of vegetation succession years, the content of clay and silt as well as fractal dimension decreased gradually in the [0, 10) cm soil layer, while the sand content increased gradually. The clay and silt contents and fractal dimension in [10, 20) cm and [20, 30) cm soil layers increased first and then decreased, but the sand content changed in the opposite direction. The initial infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate of all soil layers showed an increasing trend with the extension of successional age. Soil fractal dimension was positively correlated with clay particle content, initial infiltration rate, and stable infiltration rate (P<0.05), but negatively correlated with sand particle content (P<0.05). The Kostiakov and Horton models are more suitable for the simulation of soil water infiltration process in experimental P. edulis stands. 【Conclusion】 Vegetation succession under P. edulis stands can significantly improve soil water particle structure and enhance soil water infiltration capability, and the succession time effect is obvious. Soil water infiltration capability of P. edulis in the older 21-year successional understory age was better than that of the younger 9-year and pure bamboo stands.

Key words: Phyllostachys edulis, vegetation succession, soil particle size, fractal characteristic, soil water infiltration capability

中图分类号:

S714

谢燕燕,郭子武,林树燕,等. 毛竹林下植被演替过程中土壤颗粒组成与水分入渗特征[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(3): 108-116.

XIE Yanyan, GUO Ziwu, LIN Shuyan, ZUO Keyi, YANG Liting, XU Sen, GU Rui, CHEN Shuanglin. Soil particle distribution and water infiltration characteristics during vegetation succession in Phyllostachys edulis stands[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(3): 108-116.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202205039.

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演替年限/a succession year	海拔/m altitude	坡度/ (°) slope	坡向 aspect	土壤类型 soil type	毛竹P. edulis		乔灌木arbor shrubs
演替年限/a succession year	海拔/m altitude	坡度/ (°) slope	坡向 aspect	土壤类型 soil type	立竹密度/ (株·hm^-2) bamboo density	平均胸径/cm average DBH	林下植被密度/ (株·hm^-2) understory vegetation density	平均株高/m average height	平均地径/cm average ground diameter	郁闭度 conopy density
0	500±10	36±2.50	西	红壤	2 625±25	9.4±0.60	—	—	—	0.60
9	520±10	36±2.50	西	红壤	3 150±30	9.2±0.40	8 000±55	0.76±0.08	0.76±0.07	0.70
21	490±10	36±2.50	西	红壤	2 275±20	8.9±0.40	27 511±147	2.42±0.20	1.69±0.11	0.85

演替年限/a succession year	乔木树种 arbor species		灌木树种 shrub species
演替年限/a succession year	科Family 属Genus	主要种main species	科Family 属Genus	主要种main species
9	壳斗科、山茶科、蔷薇科、樟科等9科12属	东南石栎(Lithocarpus harlandii)、木荷(Schima superba)、短柄枹栎(Quercus serrata)、老鼠矢(Symplocos stellaris)、苦槠(Castanopsis sclerophylla)	山茶科、金缕梅科、豆科、杜鹃花科等8科10属	柃木(Eurya japonica)、檵木(Loropetalum chinense)、美丽胡枝子(Lespedeza formosa)、马银花(Rhododendron ovatum)、油茶(Camellia oleifera)
21	山茶科、壳斗科、冬青科等7科11属	木荷、东南石栎、石栎(Lithocarpus glaber)、苦槠、青冈(Cyclobalanopsis glauca)	山茶科、杜鹃花科等9科12属	柃木、马银花、江南越橘(Vaccinium mandarinorum)

变异来源 variation source	df	黏粒 clay		粉粒 silt		砂粒 sand		分形维数 fractal dimension
变异来源 variation source	df	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P
演替年限(A) succession years	2	29.965	<0.01	6.897	<0.05	11.254	<0.01	15.254	<0.01
土层深度(D) soil depth	2	46.949	<0.01	12.788	<0.01	19.899	<0.01	28.357	<0.01
演替年限×土层深度(A× D) succession years × soil depth	4	9.457	<0.01	3.937	<0.05	5.289	<0.05	3.969	<0.05

演替年限/a succession year	土层深度/cm soil depth	各土壤粒体积百分比/% volume percentage of soil particle			分形维数 fractal dimension
演替年限/a succession year	土层深度/cm soil depth	黏粒clay	粉粒silt	砂粒sand	分形维数 fractal dimension
	[0, 10)	7.02±0.39 Ac	37.63±3.77 Ac	55.36±4.15 Aa	2.66±0.01 Ab
21	[10, 20)	6.50±0.29 Aa	33.61±1.42 Aa	59.90±1.71 Aa	2.64±0.00 Aa
	[20, 30)	3.03±0.12 Bb	30.86±6.01 Aa	66.11±5.87 Aa	2.55±0.02 Bb
	[0, 10)	9.22±0.08 Ab	44.21±4.30 Ab	46.58±4.22 Aa	2.68±0.01 Ab
9	[10, 20)	8.51±0.34 Aa	44.03±6.53 Aa	47.46±6.82 Aa	2.68±0.01 Aa
	[20, 30)	7.50±1.33 Aa	38.01±3.61 Aa	54.49±4.28 Ab	2.65±0.03 Aa
	[0, 10)	12.66±0.30 Aa	57.39±4.71 Aa	29.95±4.41 Bb	2.73±0.01 Aa
0	[10, 20)	7.25±1.57 Ba	36.97±3.63 Ba	55.78±5.19 Aa	2.66±0.03 Aba
	[20, 30)	5.68±0.33 Ba	32.56±1.99 Ba	61.76±1.65 Aab	2.62±0.02 Ba

变异来源 variation source	df	初渗率 initialinfiltration rate		稳渗率 stableinfiltration rate
变异来源 variation source	df	F	P	F	P
演替年限(A) succession years	2	29.965	<0.01	6.897	<0.05
土层深度(D) soil depth	2	46.949	<0.01	12.788	<0.01
演替年限×土层深度(A× D) successionyears × soil depth	4	9.457	<0.01	3.937	<0.05

毛竹林下植被演替过程中土壤颗粒组成与水分入渗特征

Soil particle distribution and water infiltration characteristics during vegetation succession in Phyllostachys edulis stands

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演替年限/a succession year	土层深度/cm soil depth	初渗率实测值/ (mm·min^-1) initial infiltration rate observed value	稳渗率实测值/ (mm·min^-1) stable infiltration rate observed value	入渗模型参数infiltration model parameters
				Koistakov模型 Koistakov model			Philip模型 Philip model			Horton模型 Horton model
				a	b	R²	s	f_c	R²	f₀	f_c	k	R²
	[0, 10)	22.01±0.16 Ab	15.07±0.85 Aa	22.92	0.09	0.964	17.16	15.05	0.813	21.97	15.03	0.05	0.982
21	[10, 20)	18.83±0.78 Ba	10.41±0.96 Ba	18.46	0.14	0.983	20.68	9.27	0.934	18.09	10.09	0.08	0.912
	[20, 30)	11.52±1.77 Ca	4.17±0.50 Ca	10.99	0.23	0.980	16.49	3.37	0.994	12.37	4.54	0.19	0.950
	[0, 10)	28.20±4.66 Aa	11.25±1.60 Ab	28.21	0.21	0.975	40.20	9.77	0.916	25.71	11.04	0.06	0.910
9	[10, 20)	15.49±0.34 Bb	6.52±0.50 Bb	14.85	0.19	0.977	20.39	5.61	0.956	14.60	6.67	0.10	0.888
	[20, 30)	10.58±0.21 Ca	4.57±0.28 Ca	10.51	0.20	0.995	14.60	3.85	0.954	10.17	4.50	0.08	0.947
	[0, 10)	7.73±1.63 Ac	5.29±0.93 Ac	8.15	0.11	0.943	6.60	5.05	0.809	8.01	5.12	0.07	0.990
0	[10, 20)	6.08±0.53 Ac	4.51±0.37 Ac	6.46	0.09	0.870	4.11	4.50	0.672	6.21	4.10	0.04	0.991
	[20, 30)	3.51±0.64 Bb	2.05±0.91 Bb	3.68	0.15	0.966	3.82	1.88	0.861	3.59	1.97	0.08	0.985

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