东北温带森林不同材性树种木质部解剖和水力性状

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209061

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 229-236.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209061

东北温带森林不同材性树种木质部解剖和水力性状

张瑞(), 周正虎, 王传宽, 金鹰^*()

东北林业大学生态研究中心,森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2022-09-29 修回日期:2022-11-17 出版日期:2024-05-30 发布日期:2024-06-14
作者简介:张瑞(2403128299@qq.com)。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD220040108);国家自然科学基金项目(31901278)

Xylem anatomical and hydraulic traits of trees with different wood properties in a temperate forest in northeast China

ZHANG Rui(), ZHOU Zhenghu, WANG Chuankuan, JIN Ying^*()

Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2022-09-29 Revised:2022-11-17 Online:2024-05-30 Published:2024-06-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】木质部解剖结构影响树木水分运输效率和抗旱能力,进而影响树木的生长和生存,因此,研究木质部解剖和水力性状有利于阐明树木应对环境变化的响应和适应机制。【方法】以东北温带森林20种主要树种(11种散孔材、5种环孔材和4种无孔材)为研究对象,比较不同材性树种茎解剖性状和水力性状的差异,并分析水力性状与解剖性状之间的关系。【结果】不同材性树种的解剖性状[导管(管胞)平均直径、最大导管(管胞)直径、导管(管胞)密度、平均导管(管胞)面积、管腔面积占比]和水力性状[理论导水率、水力直径、导管(管胞)机械强度、胡伯尔值(边材面积/叶面积)]均差异显著(P<0.05)。环孔材树种理论导水率显著高于散孔材和无孔材(P<0.05),而无孔材树种管胞机械强度显著高于散孔材和环孔材树种的导管机械强度(P<0.05)。理论导水率与所有解剖性状均呈显著相关关系(P<0.05);除导管(管胞)壁厚度和最大导管长度以外,胡伯尔值与其他解剖性状均显著相关(P<0.05),但木材密度与所有解剖性状(导管长度除外)的关系均不显著。【结论】木材密度不能反映东北温带森林树木的水力性状,树木茎导水能力依赖于木质部解剖结构和树木水分供需平衡关系。

关键词: 木质部解剖, 水力性状, 木材密度, 胡伯尔值, 木材材性

Abstract:

【Objective】 Xylem anatomy affects the water transport efficiency and drought resistance of trees, which in turn affects tree growth and survival. Therefore, studying xylem anatomical and hydraulic traits will enable a better understanding of the response and adaptation mechanisms of trees to environmental changes. 【Method】 Here, we measured xylem anatomical and hydraulic traits in 20 tree species with three different wood properties (11 diffuse-porous, 5 ring-porous, and 4 non-porous) in a temperate forest in northeastern China. Our aim was to examine the differences in stem anatomical and hydraulic traits of tree species with three different wood properties and explore the potential relationships between stem hydraulic and anatomical traits. 【Result】 We found that there were significant differences in the anatomical traits (mean vessel (tracheid) diameter, maximum vessel (tracheid) diameter, vessel (tracheid) density, mean vessel (tracheid) area, proportion of lumen area), and hydraulic traits (theoretical hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic diameter, vessel (tracheid) mechanical strength, Huber value) among the tree species with different woody properties (P<0.05). The ring-porous trees had the highest theoretical hydraulic conductivity, whereas the non-porous trees had the highest tracheid mechanical strength. Theoretical hydraulic conductivity was significantly correlated with all anatomical traits. Huber values (sapwood area/leaf area) were significantly correlated with all anatomical traits (P<0.05), except vessel (tracheid) wall thickness and maximum vessel length. However, there were no significant correlations between wood density and all anatomical traits (except vessel length). 【Conclusion】 We concluded that wood density cannot better reflect the hydraulic traits of trees in temperate forests in northeastern China and that their water transport capacity is dependent on the xylem anatomical structure and the balance between a tree’s supply and demand for water.

Key words: xylem anatomy, hydraulic traits, wood density, Huber values, wood property

中图分类号:

S718
TS612

张瑞,周正虎,王传宽,等. 东北温带森林不同材性树种木质部解剖和水力性状[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(3): 229-236.

ZHANG Rui, ZHOU Zhenghu, WANG Chuankuan, JIN Ying. Xylem anatomical and hydraulic traits of trees with different wood properties in a temperate forest in northeast China[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(3): 229-236.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209061.

图/表 5

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树种 species	材性 wood property	叶习性 leaf habit	胸径/cm DBH
茶条槭 Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala	散孔材	落叶	6.35
稠李 Prunus padus	散孔材	落叶	8.30
暴马丁香 Syringa reticulata subsp. amurensis	散孔材	落叶	5.00
白桦 Betula platyphylla	散孔材	落叶	27.40
青楷槭 Acer tegmentosum	散孔材	落叶	14.36
五角槭 Acer pictum subsp. mono	散孔材	落叶	21.86
紫椴 Tilia amurensis	散孔材	落叶	22.05
糠椴 Tilia mandshurica	散孔材	落叶	21.07
白牛槭 Acer mandshuricum	散孔材	落叶	25.90
枫桦 Betula costata	散孔材	落叶	24.68
山杨 Populus davidiana	散孔材	落叶	31.00
水曲柳 Fraxinus mandshurica	环孔材	落叶	24.70
蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica	环孔材	落叶	25.63
胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	环孔材	落叶	27.33
春榆 Ulmus davidiana	环孔材	落叶	25.32
黄菠萝 Phellodendron amurense	环孔材	落叶	26.00
兴安落叶松 Larix gmelinii	无孔材	落叶	24.78
红皮云杉 Picea koraiensis	无孔材	常绿	21.84
红松 Pinus koraiensis	无孔材	常绿	23.95
樟子松 Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica	无孔材	常绿	26.00

东北温带森林不同材性树种木质部解剖和水力性状

Xylem anatomical and hydraulic traits of trees with different wood properties in a temperate forest in northeast China

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