光肩星天牛对糖槭挥发物的EAG及嗅觉行为反应

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.201907048

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 123-130.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.201907048

光肩星天牛对糖槭挥发物的EAG及嗅觉行为反应

马晓乾¹^,²(), 葛君², 王琪¹, 赵红盈¹, 孙妍¹, 高宇¹, 申国涛¹, 于文喜¹

1.黑龙江省林业科学院森林保护研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨 150081
2.东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2019-07-31 接受日期:2020-04-08 出版日期:2021-01-30 发布日期:2021-02-01
基金资助:
黑龙江省森工总局应用研究重点项目(SGZJY2013010);黑龙江省省级基本科研业务费项目(20170013)

EAG and olfactory behavioral responses of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to volatiles of Acer saccharum

MA Xiaoqian¹^,²(), GE Jun², WANG Qi¹, ZHAO Hongying¹, SUN Yan¹, GAO Yu¹, SHEN Guotao¹, YU Wenxi¹

1. Institute of Forest Protection, Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry, Harbin 150081,China
2. College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2019-07-31 Accepted:2020-04-08 Online:2021-01-30 Published:2021-02-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】分析影响光肩星天牛定位寄主的糖槭挥发物成分,解析挥发物在光肩星天牛搜寻和定位寄主过程中的作用,为光肩星天牛的综合防控提供依据。【方法】利用热脱附气质联用法(thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,TCT-GC-MS)分析鉴定糖槭挥发物组分,通过触角电位仪和“Y”型嗅觉仪测定光肩星天牛对槭树挥发物的触角电位(EAG)及嗅觉行为反应。采用多重比较、独立样本t检验和卡方检验分析等方法,明确影响光肩星天牛搜寻和定位寄主的主要挥发物。【结果】经鉴定,糖槭具有34种挥发性化合物,其主要成分为酯类、烯类、酸类和醇类,分别占61.67%、12.99%、5.58%和5.02%。光肩星天牛对所测定的12种糖槭挥发物均有一定的EAG及嗅觉行为反应,在不同挥发物间、同种挥发物不同浓度间、同种挥发物同一浓度雌、雄光肩星天牛成虫间EAG及嗅觉行为反应存在一定的差异。光肩星天牛雌、雄成虫对乙酸己酯、己二酸二异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、乙酸叶醇酯、丙酸叶醇酯、顺-3-己烯醇、2-己基-1-癸醇、罗勒烯和角鲨烯具有明显的EAG反应;乙酸己酯、乙酸叶醇酯、丙酸叶醇酯、顺-3-己烯醇和2-己基-1-癸醇对光肩星天牛雌、雄成虫均具有较强的引诱作用,罗勒烯和角鲨烯具有较强的驱避作用;己二酸二异丁酯和月桂酸对光肩星天牛雌成虫具有引诱作用,对雄成虫无明显的趋性引诱作用。【结论】糖槭挥发物中乙酸己酯、乙酸叶醇酯、丙酸叶醇酯、顺-3-己烯醇和2-己基-1-癸醇对光肩星天牛雌、雄成虫均具有较强的引诱作用,罗勒烯和角鲨烯具有较强的驱避作用。己二酸二异丁酯和月桂酸对光肩星天牛雌成虫具有引诱作用,对雄成虫无明显的趋性作用。

关键词: 光肩星天牛, 糖槭, 挥发物, 热脱附气质联用法(TCT-GC-MS), 触角电位(EAG), 嗅觉行为

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study was conducted to identify the volatile components of Acer saccharum, explore how the volatile constituents of Acer saccharum affect the host position of Anoplophora glabripennis, analyze the role of host volatiles in the search for and host positioning of Anoplophora glabripennis, and provide new ideas and a theoretical basis for the comprehensive prevention and control of Anoplophora glabripennis infestations. 【Method】The volatile components of Acer saccharum were identified by TCT-GC-MS. The electrophysiological and behavioral responses of Anoplophora glabripennis to Acer saccharum volatiles were determined by the electroantennogram (EAG) and Y-tube olfactometer. The main volatiles affecting the search and host location of A. glabripennis were identified by multiple comparison methods, an independent sample t test, and a chi-square test analysis. 【Result】The volatiles released from Acer saccharum included 34 volatile compounds, the main components of which were esters (61.67%), alkenes (12.99%), acids (5.58%) and alcohols (5.02%), respectively. There were electrophysiological and behavioral responses to 12 volatile compounds. The electrophysiological and behavioral responses of the female and male A. glabripennis adults were significantly different to the same concentration of different volatiles, the same volatiles, and different concentrations of the same volatiles. Male and female A. glabripennis adults exhibited obvious electrophysiological responses to hexyl acetate, diisobutyl adipate, diisobutyl phthalate, hexenyl acetate, geranyl propionate, cis-3-hexenol, 2-hexyl-1-decanol, ocimene and squalene. Among these, the female and male adults of A. glabripennis showed a significant attraction to hexyl acetate, hexenyl acetater, geranyl propionate, cis-3-hexenol, and 2-hexyl-1-nonanol, while ocimene and squalene had significant repellent effects. Female adults of A. glabripennis were significantly attracted to diisobutyl adipate and lauric acid, but these compounds elicited no behavioral response from male adults. 【Conclusion】 Female and male adults of A. glabripennis are strongly attracted to hexenyl acetater, geranyl propionate, cis-3-hexenol, and 2-hexyl-1-nonanol, while ocimene and squalene show good repellent qualities. Diisobutyl adipate and lauric acid were significantly attractive to female adults of A. glabripennis, but male adults showed no behavioral response.

Key words: Anoplophora glabripennis, Acer saccharum, volatiles, TCT-GC-MS, EAG, olfactory behavior

中图分类号:

Q968
S763

马晓乾,葛君,王琪,等. 光肩星天牛对糖槭挥发物的EAG及嗅觉行为反应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(1): 123-130.

MA Xiaoqian, GE Jun, WANG Qi, ZHAO Hongying, SUN Yan, GAO Yu, SHEN Guotao, YU Wenxi. EAG and olfactory behavioral responses of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to volatiles of Acer saccharum[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 45(1): 123-130.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.201907048.

图/表 3

表1

表2

光肩星天牛雌、雄成虫对12种糖槭挥发物的EAG反应及t检验"

化合物 compound	浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration	EAG反应值/mV EAG		P	化合物 compound	浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration	EAG反应值/mV EAG				P
化合物 compound	浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration	雌虫 female	雄虫 male	P	化合物 compound	浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration	雌虫 female		雄虫 male		P
液态石蜡	CK	0.086±0.001 a	0.086±0.000 a	1.000	液态石蜡	CK		0.086±0.001 a		0.086±0.000 a		1.000
乙酸己酯	0.000 4	0.101±0.001 b	0.092±0.002 b	0.034^*	十四酸	0.000 4		0.068±0.002 a		0.073±0.003 a		0.185
	0.004 0	0.145±0.001 c	0.113±0.001 c	0.000^**		0.004 0		0.064±0.002 a		0.081±0.002 a		0.004^**
	0.040 0	0.182±0.002 d	0.147±0.000 d	0.000^**		0.040 0		0.084±0.003 a		0.092±0.001 b		0.046^*
	0.400 0	0.261±0.002 e	0.225±0.001 e	0.000^**		0.400 0		0.170±0.000 b		0.143±0.001 c		0.000^**
	2.000 0	0.348±0.005 f	0.296±0.001 f	0.007^**		2.000 0		0.200±0.010 c		0.124±0.002 b		0.016^*
己二酸二异丁酯	0.000 4	0.085±0.002 a	0.078±0.001 a	0.022^*	月桂酸	0.000 4		0.085±0.001 a		0.083±0.002 a		1.000
	0.004 0	0.100±0.002 a	0.088±0.002 a	0.016^*		0.004 0		0.091±0.001 b		0.088±0.002 a		0.275
	0.040 0	0.134±0.000 b	0.081±0.002 a	0.001^**		0.040 0		0.128±0.001 c		0.098±0.002 b		0.000^**
	0.400 0	0.175±0.001 c	0.089±0.002 ab	0.000^**		0.400 0		0.214±0.001 d		0.119±0.002 c		0.000^**
	2.000 0	0.248±0.008 d	0.105±0.004 b	0.001^**		2.000 0		0.240±0.000 e		0.144±0.002 d		0.000^**
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯	0.000 4	0.087±0.001 a	0.085±0.002 a	0.441	罗勒烯	0.000 4		0.086±0.003 a		0.087±0.002 a		0.636
	0.004 0	0.103±0.001 b	0.099±0.001 b	0.078		0.004 0		0.084±0.002 a		0.086±0.000 a		0.135
	0.040 0	0.123±0.001 c	0.115±0.001 b	0.045^*		0.040 0		0.143±0.003 b		0.118±0.002 b		0.022^*
	0.400 0	0.144±0.000 d	0.121±0.001 c	0.020^*		0.400 0		0.228±0.002 c		0.167±0.001 c		0.000^**
	2	0.223±0.003 e	0.189±0.002 d	0.000^**		2		0.314±0.001 d		0.247±0.002 d		0.000^**
棕榈酸甲酯	0.000 4	0.082±0.002 a	0.081±0.001 a	0.701	角鲨烯	0.000 4		0.075±0.002 a		0.075±0.001 a		1.000
	0.004 0	0.089±0.003 a	0.100±0.004 b	0.013^*		0.004 0		0.068±0.003 a		0.094±0.002 b		0.002^**
	0.040 0	0.115±0.001 b	0.121±0.001 c	0.086		0.040 0		0.107±0.001 a		0.107±0.001 c		1.000
	0.400 0	0.128±0.001 c	0.185±0.002 d	0.000^**		0.400 0		0.141±0.001 b		0.148±0.005 c		0.042^*
	2.000 0	0.187±0.002 d	0.259±0.002 e	0.000^**		2.000 0		0.154±0.003 b		0.167±0.002 d		0.000^**
乙酸叶醇酯	0.000 4	0.120±0.012 b	0.116±0.001 b	0.191	顺-3- 己烯醇	0.000 4		0.110±0.001 b		0.102±0.002 b		0.046^*
	0.004 0	0.236±0.012 c	0.127±0.000 c	0.000^**		0.004 0		0.127±0.001 c		0.109±0.002 b		0.002^**
	0.040 0	0.347±0.001 d	0.147±0.001 d	0.000^**		0.040 0		0.271±0.001 d		0.245±0.001 c		0.000^**
	0.400 0	0.437±0.002 e	0.239±0.002 e	0.000^**		0.400 0		0.351±0.001 e		0.334±0.001 d		0.000^**
	2.000 0	0.554±0.003 f	0.327±0.001 f	0.000^**		2.000 0		0.449±0.001 f		0.412±0.003 e		0.000^**
丙酸叶醇酯	0.000 4	0.097±0.004 b	0.089±0.001 a	0.053	2-己基- 1-癸醇	0.000 4		0.083±0.002 a		0.082±0.002 a		1.000
	0.004 0	0.112±0.001 b	0.103±0.001 ab	0.025^*		0.004 0		0.081±0.002 a		0.084±0.002 a		0.189
	0.040 0	0.175±0.000 c	0.128±0.001 c	0.000^**		0.040 0		0.094±0.003 b		0.110±0.001 b		0.002^**
	0.400 0	0.262±0.001 d	0.161±0.002 d	0.000^**		0.400 0		0.102±0.001 b		0.114±0.001 b		0.001^**
	2.000 0	0.340±0.001 e	0.256±0.002 e	0.000^**		2.000 0		0.220±0.021 c		0.161±0.002 c		0.000^**

表2

表3

光肩星天牛雌、雄成虫对12种糖槭挥发物的嗅觉行为反应"

挥发性化合物 compound		浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration		引诱率/% lure rate				驱避率/% repellent rate				P			挥发性化合物 compound		浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration										引诱率/% lure rate						驱避率/% repellent rate			P
挥发性化合物 compound		浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration		雌 female		雄 male		雌 female		雄 male		雌 female		雄 male	挥发性化合物 compound		浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration										雌 female		雄 male		雌 female		雄 male		雌 female	雄 male
乙酸己酯		0.000 4		20 aB		12 aA		16		12		0.505		1.000	十四酸		0.000 4		8 aA		8 aA			12	8 aA		0.371								1.000
		0.004 0		28 bB		24 bB		20		20		0.248		0.546			0.004 0		24 bB		20bA			24	20 bA		1.000								1.000
		0.040 0		44 cC		32 cC		12		8		0.000^**		0.000^**			0.040 0		28 bB		20 bB			28	20 bB		1.000								1.000
		0.400 0		64 dG		48 dD		8		4		0.000^**		0.000^**			0.400 0		40 cD		28 cC			36	28 cC		0.646								1.000
		2.000 0		76 eG		56 eE		4		8		0.000^**		0.000^**			2.000 0		32 dC		40 dD			28	40 dD		0.606								0.646
己二酸二异丁酯		0.000 4		16 aB		12 aA		16		12		1.000		1.000	月桂酸		0.000 4		12 aA		12 aA			12	12 aA		1.000								1.000
		0.004 0		32 cC		16 aA		28		16		0.606		1.000			0.004 0		16 bA		20 bA			16	20 bA		1.000								1.000
		0.040 0		28 bB		20 bB		24		20		0.579		1.000			0.040 0		20 bA		32 cC			16	32 cC		0.505								0.606
		0.400 0		36 cD		32 cC		16		28		0.006^**		0.606			0.400 0		32 cC		32 cC			20	32 cC		0.096								0.606
		2.000 0		44 dD		28 cC		16		24		0.000^**		0.579			2.000 0		40 dD		36 cC			16	36 cC		0.001^**								0.317
挥发性化合物 compound	浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration		引诱率/% lure rate				驱避率/% repellent rate				P				挥发性化合物 compound	浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration										引诱率/% lure rate						驱避率/% repellent rate				P
挥发性化合物 compound	浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration		雌 female		雄 male		雌 female		雄 male		雌 female		雄 male		挥发性化合物 compound	浓度/ (mol·L^-1) concentration										雌 female		雄 male		雌 female		雄 male		雌 female		雄 male
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯	0.000 4		12 aA		12 aA		12		12		1.000		1.000		罗勒烯	0.000 4		12 bA		12 bA		16	12 bA			0.450								0.450
	0.004 0		16 bA		32 cC		16		28		1.000		0.606			0.004 0		16 cA		16 cA		36	16 cA			0.006^**								0.021^*
	0.040 0		32 cB		28 cC		28		24		0.606		0.579			0.040 0		16 c		8b A		48	8b A			0.000^**								0.000^**
	0.400 0		32 cC		28 cC		28		24		0.606		0.579			0.400 0		12 bA		4 aA		64	4 aA			0.000^**								0.000^**
	2.000 0		28 cC		40 dD		24		28		0.579		0.146			2.000 0		4 aA		0 aA		76	0aA			0.000^**								0.000^**
棕榈酸甲酯	0.000 4		12 aA		16 aB		12		16		1.000		1.000		角鲨烯	0.000 4		16 bB		12 bA		16	12 bA			1.000								1.000
	0.004 0		12 aA		36 cC		12		32		1.000		0.628			0.004 0		28 cB		24 cB		32	24 cB			0.606								0.579
	0.040 0		20 bA		28 bC		20		24		1.000		0.579			0.040 0		28 cB		28 cC		40	28 cC			0.146								0.146
	0.400 0		36 cD		40 cD		32		28		0.628		0.146			0.400 0		16 bA		8 aA		44	8 aA			0.000^**								0.000^**
	2.000 0		32 cC		44 dD		28		36		0.606		0.371			2.000 0		4 aA		4 aA		48	4 aA			0.000^**								0.000^**
乙酸叶醇酯	0.000 4		20 aB		20 aB		8		12		0.023^*		0.157		顺-3- 己烯醇	0.000 4		36 bD		32 aC		32	32 aC			0.628								0.606
	0.004 0		48 dE		36 cC		4		12		0.000^**		0.001^**			0.004 0		28 aB		32 aC		24	32 aC			0.579								0.285
	0.040 0		64 eF		52 dE		4		8		0.000^**		0.000^**			0.040 0		48 cD		36 aD		12	36 aD			0.000^**								0.001^**
	0.400 0		72 fH		60 eE		4		4		0.000^**		0.000^**			0.400 0		56 dF		48 cD		12	48 cD			0.000^**								0.000^**
	2.000 0		80 hH		68 eF		0		0		0.000^**		0.000^**			2.000 0		60 eF		52 dE		4	52 dE			0.000^**								0.000^**
丙酸叶醇酯	0.000 4		24 aC		24 aC		12		20		0.046^*		0.054 6		2-己基- 1-癸醇	0.000 4		20 aB		16 aB		20	16 aB			1.000								1.000
	0.004 0		36 cD		36 bC		12		8		0.001^**		0.000^**			0.004 0		32 bC		32 cC		28	32 cC			0.606								0.606
	0.040 0		56 dE		48 cE		12		8		0.000^**		0.000^**			0.040 0		40 cC		28 bC		28	28 bC			0.146								0.579
	0.400 0		64 eG		56 dE		8		4		0.000^**		0.000^**			0.400 0		44 cE		40 dD		20	40dD			0.003^**								0.001^**
	2.000 0		72 fG		64 eF		4		4		0.000^**		0.000^**			2.000 0		52 dE		44 dD		16	44 dD			0.000^**								0.000^**

表3

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序号 No.	化合物名称 compound	分子式 formula	相对含量/% relative content	保留时间/s retention time	序号 No.	化合物名称 compound	分子式 formula	相对含量/% relative content	保留时间/s retention time
1	3-戊醇	C₅H₁₂O	0.25	2.222	18	十四酸	C₁₄H₂₈O₂	1.24	21.660
2	顺-3-己烯醇	C₆H₁₂O	3.22	5.555	19	十九烷	C₁₉H₄₀	0.25	22.230
3	乙酸叶醇酯	C₈H₁₄O₂	33.06	10.445	20	邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯	C₁₆H₂₂O₄	3.51	22.450
4	乙酸己酯	C₈H₁₆O₂	1.99	10.700	21	R-(Z)-9-辛烯酸-12- (乙酰基)-甲基酯	C₂₁H₃₈O₄	1.02	22.890
5	罗勒烯	C₁₀H₁₆	2.12	11.711	22	2-羟基-环十五烷酮	C₁₅H₂₈O₂	0.65	23.090
6	丙酸叶醇酯	C₉H₁₆O₂	1.16	12.480	23	酞酸二丁酯	C₁₆H₂₂O₄	0.38	24.390
7	棕榈酸甲酯	C₁₀H₁₈O₂	10.08	13.240	24	十五烷酸	C₁₅H₃₀O₂	0.48	24.540
8	丁酸己酯	C₁₀H₂₀O₂	0.27	13.530	25	二十一烷	C₂₁H₄₄	0.25	25.430
9	戊酸-3-己烯酯	C₁₁H₂₀O₂	0.49	14.160	26	十四环氧乙烷	C₁₆H₃₂O	0.42	26.320
10	异戊酸-顺-3-己烯酯	C₁₁H₂₀O₂	0.50	14.760	27	十五醇	C₁₅H₃₂O	0.46	28.060
11	4-己烯-己酸酯	C₁₂H₂₂O₂	0.21	15.190	28	2-己基-1-癸醇	C₁₆H₃₄O	1.09	29.540
12	月桂酸	C₁₂H₂₄O₂	3.21	16.580	29	硬脂酸甲酯	C₁₉H₃₈O₂	1.12	31.690
13	顺-3-己烯-苯甲酸酯	C₁₃H₁₆O₂	0.48	17.870	30	(Z)-13-十八碳烯醛	C₁₈H₃₄O	0.60	32.970
14	甲基,双(1-甲基丙基)- 丁二酸酯	C₁₃H₂₄O₄	0.87	18.350	31	十八烷酸	C₁₈H₃₆O₂	0.65	33.470
15	正十四烷	C₁₄H₃₀	0.21	19.620	32	二十二烷	C₂₂H₄₆	0.41	35.530
16	癸酸环己基酯	C₁₆H₃₀O₂	0.34	20.320	33	邻苯二甲酸二辛酯	C₂₄H₃₈O₄	0.79	37.270
17	己二酸二异丁酯	C₁₄H₂₆O₄	5.40	20.570	34	角鲨烯	C₃₀H₅₀	10.87	39.590

光肩星天牛对糖槭挥发物的EAG及嗅觉行为反应

EAG and olfactory behavioral responses of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to volatiles of Acer saccharum

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