我国平原农区林带胁地效应及其控制措施研究进展

胡海波, 贾西川

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2) : 234-240.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
PDF(1400 KB)
南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2) : 234-240. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.201911037
综合述评

我国平原农区林带胁地效应及其控制措施研究进展

作者信息 +

Review on negative effects and its control measures of forest belt in plain agricultural areas of China

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文章历史 +

摘要

总结了近年来我国农田防护林林带尤其平原农区林带胁地的研究成果,以揭示农田防护林的胁地规律及其影响因素,并探讨克服胁地的措施。分析认为:①我国各地区由于地理位置、自然条件以及树种生物学等的差异,农田防护林的胁地范围也不同,在平原农区其胁地范围按程度大小分别为0~[0.4H,2.0H] (H为林带平均高度,胁地程度大小依次为0.4H、0.5H、0.6H……2.0H),其中大部分林带的胁地范围为0~[0.8H,1.5H]。②林带走向对胁地影响较大,在我国北方的南北走向林带,带西胁地范围较大,为林带至0.4 H~1.5 H;东西走向林带,带北胁地范围较大,为林带至0.4H~2.0H。带北胁地范围和程度最大,带南胁地范围和程度最小。③东西走向林带虽比南北走向林带更能减少遮阴面积,但不一定能够增加农作物产量。④增大林带与农田距离、种植窄冠型树种、加强林带修枝和选择适宜的农作物是减缓林冠胁地最有效的方法;而克服根系胁地最有效的方法是切根贴膜。

Abstract

The paper summarized the research results of farmland shelterbelt on negative effect(output reduction)and its control measures in China in recent years, especially in plain agricultural areas so as to explore the degree of output reduction and its influencing factors, and to find an effective way to reduce the negative effects. The results were as follows: ① Because of the differences in geographical location, natural conditions and tree species biology, the negative effect distance of shelterbelts was different. But in plain agricultural areas, the negative effect distance of shelterbelts in China was 0~[0.4H,2.0H] (H was the average height of shelterbelt. The degree of threatened land was 0.4H, 0.5H, 0.6H,…, 2.0H, etc. The same below.), and the negative effect distance of the most shelterbelts was 0~[0.8H,1.5H]. ② The influence of different direction shelterbelts on the negative effect was different, and if the shelterbelt was north-south direction, the range of the western negative effect was larger that was 0.4H-1.5H; while for east-west direction shelterbelt,the northern range of negative effect was larger that was 0.4H-2.0H. The range and degree of the northern area of the negative effect was the largest, and the southern range of the negative effect was the smallest. ③ Although the east-west direction shelterbelt can reduce the shade area more than the north-south direction shelterbelt, it may not increase the yield. ④ Increasing the distance between the shelterbelt and the farmland, planting narrow canopy tree species, strengthening the pruning and selecting the suitable crops were the most effective methods to reduce the negative effect of crown; the most effective method of reducing negative effect of the root was to cut the root and stick the film.

关键词

农田防护林 / 胁地 / 控制措施

Key words

farmland shelterbelt / negative effect (output reduction) / control measure

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胡海波, 贾西川. 我国平原农区林带胁地效应及其控制措施研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2021, 45(2): 234-240 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.201911037
HU Haibo, JIA Xichuan. Review on negative effects and its control measures of forest belt in plain agricultural areas of China[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2021, 45(2): 234-240 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.201911037
中图分类号： S718   

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江苏省农业科技自主创新重大项目(CX171004-2)
国家林业局长江三角洲森林生态系统定位研究项目(2018-LYPT-DW-159)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

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