【目的】对在中国西藏地区严重危害藏川杨的未知潜叶蛾进行分类学、生物学、发生调查及危害研究,为藏川杨有害生物的有效防治提供参考。【方法】在西藏12个区县设置样地131块,获得生物学、发生和危害数据,并采集含有幼虫的被害叶片,饲养得到成虫标本,保留蛹蜕、潜道,解剖成虫外生殖器、制成玻片标本片,分类鉴定,最终确定该虫分类学地位。【结果】根据潜叶害虫潜道、蛹、成虫及其外生殖器的形态特征,鉴定新发现害虫为柳潜细蛾[Phyllonorycter pastorella (Zeller, 1846)]。该种的形态学鉴别特征主要在雄性外生殖器上,包括抱器瓣基部稍狭,背缘中部膨大被短刚毛,至3/4处急剧变狭,抱器腹具1列短刚毛,末端呈钩状,有长刚毛;结合寄主和潜道特点可做准确鉴定。柳潜细蛾幼虫潜叶为害,使藏川杨叶下表皮与叶肉组织分离,被潜食部位叶背面鼓起泡囊,相应位置叶正面褪绿发黄。在131块样地中,柳潜细蛾危害严重的占比29.0%,分布在昌都、洛隆、尼木等县;危害中等的占比22.9%,危害较轻的占比48.1%,分布在南木林、江达、察雅等县,其中察雅县虽然受害较轻但点多面广。【结论】柳潜细蛾是西藏地区严重危害藏川杨的新害虫,是西藏新记录种。藏川杨是柳潜细蛾的新寄主。建议西藏察雅县密切关注虫情的发展变化,及时做好防治工作。

【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the taxonomy, biology, occurrence and herbivory damage of a new leaf-mining moth feeding on Populus szechuanica var. tibetica so as to provide a reference for its control. 【Method】 A total of 131 plots were set up in 12 districts or counties of Tibet to obtain biological, occurrence and herbivory data. Damaged leaves containing larvae were collected and reared to obtain adult specimens. Pupal exuviae and leaf mines were preserved, and adult genitalia were dissected and mounted on slides for taxonomic identification. 【Result】 According to the morphological characteristics of the leaf mines, pupal exuviae, the adults and the genitalia of the moth, the newly discovered pest was identified as Phyllonorycter pastorella (Zeller, 1846). The morphological diagnostic characters lie largely on the male genitalia, including a narrow valva at the base and a dilated costa at the middle covering short setae, which then remarkably narrows at basal 3/4, with a line of short setae on dorsum, and a horn-like process located ventro-apically. The combined characteristics of the male genitalia, host plants, and leaf mines can facilitate the precise identification of this species. Larvae of this species are leaf miners, making tent-formed mines typical of Phyllonorycter. Among the 131 plots, 29.0% were severely damaged by Phyllonorycter pastorella, distributed throughout Qamdo, Luolong, Nimu, and other counties. Moderate damage accounted for 22.9% and lighter damage accounted for 48.1%, distributed throughout Nanmulin, Jiangda, Chaya, and other counties. Of these, Chaya County has suffered less damage but has seen damage in many more areas. 【Conclusion】 Phyllonorycter pastorella is a newly recorded pest that seriously endangers Tibetan poplar in Tibet, which is a new host plant for this species. Phyllonorycter pastorella should be paid special attention and closely monitored for the prevention and control of pest outbreaks.