硼钼铜微肥配施对太子参光合特性的影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202003024

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 130-136.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202003024

硼钼铜微肥配施对太子参光合特性的影响

袁婷婷¹(), 路远峰¹, 谢寅峰¹^,^*(), 马迎莉¹, 吴桐², 倪震²

1.南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京 210037
2.南京林业大学淮安校区,江苏淮安 223001

收稿日期:2020-03-09 接受日期:2020-06-18 出版日期:2021-07-30 发布日期:2021-07-30
通讯作者: 谢寅峰
基金资助:
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);南京林业大学2019年大学生创新创业训练计划(2019NFUSPITPI1088)

Effects of combined application of boron-molybdenum-copper microfertilizers on photosynthetic characteristics of Pseudostellaria heterophylla

YUAN Tingting¹(), LU Yuanfeng¹, XIE Yinfeng¹^,^*(), MA Yingli¹, WU Tong², NI Zhen²

1. Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Huaian Campus of Nanjing Forestry University, Huaian 223001, China

Received:2020-03-09 Accepted:2020-06-18 Online:2021-07-30 Published:2021-07-30
Contact: XIE Yinfeng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究硼钼铜微肥配施对药用植物太子参光合作用的调控作用及其机制,为太子参高效栽培提供理论依据。【方法】采用二次回归D-最优设计进行田间叶面喷施试验,研究硼钼铜微肥配施对光合气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响。【结果】①各微肥配施处理下太子参叶片光合色素含量、净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)较对照均有不同程度的提高,而胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)则显著降低(P<0.05),说明太子参叶片光合能力的提升主要缘于非气孔限制因素的改善。②试验期间,与对照相比,适宜微肥配比处理不同程度地提高了太子参叶片PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、PSⅡ有效光化学效率(F_v'/F_m')、电子传递速率(ETR)和光化学淬灭系数(qP),降低非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ),表明微肥处理能够增强太子参光合系统对光能的吸收、转换与利用效率,缓解过剩激发能所导致的热耗散的增强。③极差分析和单因素方差分析表明,微肥3因素中硼是影响叶片光合性能各参数的主要因素,其次为铜。④通过隶属函数综合分析表明,提高太子参光合性能的最优施肥配方为B₃Mo₂Cu₁,即硼肥1.5 g/L+钼肥0.08 g/L+铜肥0.1 g/L。【结论】适宜的硼钼铜配施能有效提升太子参叶片的光合性能,增强其对光能的吸收、转化和利用效率,降低热耗散并缓解光抑制。

关键词: 太子参, 硼钼铜微肥配施, 气体交换参数, 叶绿素荧光参数

Abstract:

【Objective】We studied the regulatory effect of the combined application of B, Mo, and Cu microfertilizers on the photosynthetic characteristics of Pseudostellaria heterophylla to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient cultivation of P. heterophylla. 【Method】A field experiment involving foliar spraying was carried out using a quadratic regression D-optimal design to explore the effects of microfertilizers on photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and fluorescence parameters of P. heterophylla. 【Result】① Compared to the control, the photosynthetic pigment content, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s) and transpiration rate (T_r) of the fertilization treatment increased in varying degrees, whereas the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (C_i) decreased significantly (P<0.05). The results showed that the improvement in photosynthetic capacities of P. heterophylla was mainly due to the relief of non-stomatal limiting factors. ② During the experiment, compared to the control, the PSⅡ maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m), PSⅡ effective photochemical efficiency (F_v'/F_m'), electron transfer rate (ETR), and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) of the suitable treatment also increased; whereas, the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) decreased. The microfertilizer treatment could enhance the efficiency of the absorption, conversion and utilization of light energy in the photosynthetic system and alleviate the enhanced heat dissipation caused by excess excitation energy. ③ The range analysis and single factor analysis of variance showed that boron played the main role in affecting photosynthetic performance among the three microfertilizers, followed by copper. ④ The comprehensive analysis of membership function showed that the best fertilization formula for improving the photosynthetic performance of P. heterophylla was B₃Mo₂Cu₁ (boron fertilizer 1.5 g/L, molybdenum fertilizer 0.08 g/L and copper fertilizer 0.1 g/L). 【Conclusion】The suitable combined application of boron, molybdenum and copper could effectively improve the photosynthetic performance of P. heterophylla, enhance the efficiency of absorption, transformation and utilization of light energy; while reduce heat dissipation and alleviate photoinhibition.

Key words: Pseudostellaria heterophylla, boron-molybdenum-copper microfertilizer, gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters

中图分类号:

S718

袁婷婷,路远峰,谢寅峰,等. 硼钼铜微肥配施对太子参光合特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 130-136.

YUAN Tingting, LU Yuanfeng, XIE Yinfeng, MA Yingli, WU Tong, NI Zhen. Effects of combined application of boron-molybdenum-copper microfertilizers on photosynthetic characteristics of Pseudostellaria heterophylla[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 45(4): 130-136.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202003024.

图/表 4

表1

表2

硼钼铜配施对太子参叶片叶绿素含量及光合参数的影响"

试验号 No.	处理 treatment	叶绿素含量/(mg·g^-1) chlorophyll contents			P_n / (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	G_s / (mol·m^-2·s^-1)	C_i / (μmol·mol^-1)	T_r / (mmol·m^-2·s^-1)
试验号 No.	处理 treatment	Chla	Chlb	Chl(a+b)	P_n / (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	G_s / (mol·m^-2·s^-1)	C_i / (μmol·mol^-1)	T_r / (mmol·m^-2·s^-1)
1	B₀Mo₀Cu₀	1.36±0.060 c	0.440±0.023 c	1.80±0.082 c	3.30±0.966 f	0.039±0.012 c	257.50±25.2 a	1.22±0.329 b
2	B₀Mo₂Cu₂	1.53±0.410 bc	0.503±0.146 bc	2.03±0.556 bc	3.66±0.679 ef	0.038±0.007 c	251.00±24.0 a	1.29±0.347 b
3	B₁Mo₂Cu₂	1.62±0.124 bc	0.505±0.047 bc	2.13±0.170 bc	4.84±0.964 cdef	0.042±0.021 c	191.00±74.0 bc	1.35±0.422 ab
4	B₂Mo₀Cu₂	1.64±0.119 bc	0.526±0.03 9 bc	1.57±0.157 bc	4.95±1.488 cdef	0.049±0.013 bc	227.83±19.1 ab	1.48±0.367 ab
5	B₂Mo₁Cu₂	1.87±0.163 ab	0.606±0.060 b	2.48±0.223 b	5.95±1.560 abc	0.065±0.017 ab	247.00±35.8 a	1.50±0.326 ab
6	B₂Mo₂Cu₂	1.85±0.167 b	0.595±0.064 b	2.44±0.230 b	5.46±1.102 bcd	0.052±0.011 abc	241.17±41.7 ab	1.47±0.336 ab
7	B₂Mo₃Cu₂	1.59±0.149 bc	0.490±0.049 bc	2.08±0.199 bc	4.05±0.639 def	0.040±0.011 c	223.17±42.4 abc	1.32±0.347 ab
8	B₂Mo₂Cu₀	1.70±0.157 bc	0.427±0.032 c	2.13±0.147 bc	5.10±0.960 cde	0.047±0.009 bc	217.17±27.2 abc	1.49±0.331ab
9	B₂Mo₂Cu₁	1.88±0.406 ab	0.626±0.146 b	2.51±0.550 b	6.97±0.633ab	0.069±0.015 a	216.00±43.1 abc	1.85±0.365 a
10	B₂Mo₂Cu₃	1.38±0.094 c	0..427±0.032 c	1.81±0.126 c	3.51±1.424ef	0.040±0.014 c	254.50±28.3 a	1.25±0.348 b
11	B₃Mo₂Cu₂	2.22±0.720 a	0.781±0.056 a	3.00±0.228 a	7.25±0.659 a	0.070±0.016 a	170.30±57.3 c	1.56±0.449 ab
12	B₁Mo₁Cu₂	1.69±0.045 bc	0.535±0.049 bc	2.22±0.070 bc	5.05±1.190 cdef	0.038±0.013 c	215.67±33.6 abc	1.28±0.501 b
13	B₁Mo₂Cu₁	1.62±0.069 bc	0.510±0.022 bc	2.13±0.091 bc	4.51±1.692 cdef	0.040±0.020 c	206.00±53.8 abc	1.04±0.432 b
14	B₂Mo₁Cu₁	1.88±0.179 ab	0.609±0.063 b	2.48±0.241 b	6.27±2.802 abc	0.067±0.029 ab	248.17±28.4 a	1.48±0.575 ab
	B	0.78	0.31	1.07	3.78	0.031	85.95	0.30
R	Mo	0.31	0.09	0.41	1.71	0.017	32.72	0.19
	Cu	0.42	0.15	0.57	2.41	0.019	42.05	0.20
	B	**	*	*	**	**	*	ns
Sig	Mo	ns	ns	ns	ns	*	ns	ns
	Cu	ns	*	ns	**	**	ns	ns

表2

表3

表4

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试验号 No.	试验处理 treatment	最大光化学效率 F_v/F_m	有效光化学效率 F_v'/F_m'	非光化学淬灭系数 NPQ	光化学淬灭系数 qP	有效电子传递速率 ETR
1	B₀Mo₀Cu₀	0.694±0.012 fg	0.466±0.035 ef	1.85±0.132 a	0.566±0.011 de	88.68±8.13 gh
2	B₀Mo₂Cu₂	0.707±0.047 defg	0.469±0.017 ef	1.77±0.455 a	0.570±0.023 cde	89.72±5.25 gh
3	B₁Mo₂Cu₂	0.710±0.019 cdefg	0.478±0.011 cdef	1.59±0.174 ab	0.600±0.038 abcd	96.29±5.08 defg
4	B₂Mo₀Cu₂	0.717±0.020 cdef	0.484±0.027 bcdef	1.66±0.158 a	0.606±0.025 abc	98.57±5.51 cdef
5	B₂Mo₁Cu₂	0.723±0.014 bcde	0.505±0.017 abc	1.49±0.176 ab	0.621±0.024 a	105.29±4.74 abc
6	B₂Mo₂Cu₂	0.749±0.019 ab	0.500±0.012 abcd	1.46±0.429 ab	0.613±0.020 ab	102.97±3.28 bcd
7	B₂Mo₃Cu₂	0.707±0.032 defg	0.469±0.027 ef	1.82±0.449 a	0.576±0.019 bcde	90.76±7.54 fgh
8	B₂Mo₂Cu₀	0.736±0.008 abc	0.497±0.017 bcde	1.80±0.192 a	0.612±0.021 ab	102.16±6.15 bcd
9	B₂Mo₂Cu₁	0.751±0.010 a	0.523±0.024 ab	1.70±0.359 a	0.626±0.045 a	107.60±7.64 ab
10	B₂Mo₂Cu₃	0.705±0.012 efg	0.460±0.025 f	1.83±0.327 a	0.534±0.026 e	85.53±3.99 h
11	B₃Mo₂Cu₂	0.734±0.009 abcd	0.530±0.018 a	1.22±0.164 b	0.637±0.036 a	113.25±7.14 a
12	B₁Mo₁Cu₂	0.694±0.010 fg	0.486±0.020 bcdef	1.53±0.157 ab	0.611±0.036 ab	99.56±2.14 bcde
13	B₁Mo₂Cu₁	0.687±0.033 g	0.472±0.021 def	1.73±0.130 a	0.580±0.043 bcde	92.01±8.53 efgh
14	B₂Mo₁Cu₁	0.731±0.015 abcde	0.508±0.036 abc	1.66±0.391 a	0.621±0.035 a	106.13±11.51 abc
	B	0.04	0.06	0.59	0.07	24.1
R	Mo	0.02	0.03	0.26	0.04	13.0
	Cu	0.02	0.04	0.26	0.06	16.4
	B	*	***	ns	**	***
Sig	Mo	*	*	ns	**	**
	Cu	**	**	ns	**	***

指标 indexes	c (Chla)	c (Chlb)	c [Chl(a+b)]	P_n	G_s	C_i	T_r	F_v/F_m	F_v'/F_m'	NPQ	qP	ETR
c(Chla)	1
c(Chlb)	0.93^**	1
c[Chl(a+b)]	0.99^**	0.96^**	1
P_n	0.95^**	0.87^**	0.94^**	1
G_s	0.85^**	0.82^**	0.85^**	0.91^**	1
C_i	-0.54^*	-0.46	-0.52^*	-0.49^*	-0.2	1
T_r	0.66^**	0.57^*	0.64^**	0.78^**	0.81^**	-0.18	·1
F_v/F_m	0.68^**	0.54^*	0.65^**	0.73^**	0.76^**	-0.11	0.89^**	1
F_v'/F_m'	0.96^**	0.86^**	0.94^**	0.97^**	0.91^**	-0.41	0.78^**	0.78^**	1
NPQ	-0.81^**	-0.83^**	-0.83^**	-0.74^**	-0.62^*	0.58^*	-0.35	-0.22	-0.74^**	1
qP	0.91^**	0.77^**	0.88^**	0.95^**	0.81^**	-0.48	0.75^**	0.70^**	0.95^**	-0.72^**	1
ETR	0.95^**	0.83^**	0.93^**	0.97^**	0.88^**	-0.45	0.77^**	0.75^**	0.99^**	-0.74^**	0.98^**	1

硼钼铜微肥配施对太子参光合特性的影响

Effects of combined application of boron-molybdenum-copper microfertilizers on photosynthetic characteristics of Pseudostellaria heterophylla

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试验编号 No.	试验处理 treatment	施用量/(g·L^-1) fertilizer rate
试验编号 No.	试验处理 treatment	硼砂 Na₂B₄O₇· 10H₂O	钼酸铵 H₈Mo N₂O₄	硫酸铜 CuSO₄· 5H₂O
1	B₀Mo₀Cu₀	0	0	0
2	B₀Mo₂Cu₂	0	0.08	0.10
3	B₁Mo₂Cu₂	0.5	0.08	0.10
4	B₂Mo₀Cu₂	1.0	0	0.10
5	B₂Mo₁Cu₂	1.0	0.04	0.10
6	B₂Mo₂Cu₂	1.0	0.08	0.10
7	B₂Mo₃Cu₂	1.0	0.12	0.10
8	B₂Mo₂Cu₀	1.0	0.08	0
9	B₂Mo₂Cu₁	1.0	0.08	0.05
10	B₂Mo₂Cu₃	1.0	0.08	0.15
11	B₃Mo₂Cu₂	1.5	0.08	0.10
12	B₁Mo₁Cu₂	0.5	0.04	0.10
13	B₁Mo₂Cu₁	0.5	0.08	0.05
14	B₂Mo₁Cu₁	1.0	0.04	0.05

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