接种AMF及施氮对滨海盐土氮矿化的影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202003087

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 145-153.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202003087

接种AMF及施氮对滨海盐土氮矿化的影响

杨瑞珍(), 张焕朝^*(), 胡立煌, 范之馨

南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2020-03-31 接受日期:2020-04-20 出版日期:2021-03-30 发布日期:2021-04-09
通讯作者: 张焕朝
基金资助:
江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(17)1004)

Effects of AMF inoculation and nitrogen application on nitrogen mineralization of coastal saline soil

YANG Ruizhen(), ZHANG Huanchao^*(), HU Lihuang, FAN Zhixin

Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2020-03-31 Accepted:2020-04-20 Online:2021-03-30 Published:2021-04-09
Contact: ZHANG Huanchao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究接种丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)以及施氮对滨海盐土氮素转化的影响,探究提高滨海盐土氮素供应能力的有效途径。【方法】以江苏北部滨海盐土为研究对象,采用室内培养试验方法,研究接种AMF以及不同施氮水平处理对土壤氮素矿化和氮素供给的影响。【结果】施氮对菌根侵染率具有显著促进作用(P<0.05),低氮处理(N1,施氮量为92 mg/kg)菌根侵染率达45.22%,显著高于高氮处理(N2,施氮量为184 mg/kg)的32.44%,而不施氮处理(N0)菌根侵染率仅有16.00%。在接种AMF 1 d时,低氮处理的滨海盐土铵态氮含量显著低于高氮和不施氮处理的滨海盐土(P<0.05),说明较高的菌根侵染率更有利于植物对铵态氮的吸收与同化,施氮及接种处理显著影响了滨海盐土的氨化过程(P<0.05),但并未对其产生交互作用。硝态氮含量随施氮量的增加而升高,除培养5和10 d外,其余时间点高氮处理滨海盐土的硝态氮含量显著高于低氮以及不施氮处理(P<0.05)的滨海盐土,硝化作用受施氮和接种AMF的交互作用影响。滨海盐土净氮矿化量以及净氮矿化速率在施氮处理和接种处理下差异均不显著(P>0.05),但交互作用对其产生了极显著促进作用(P<0.001)。【结论】对于滨海盐土,添加过多的氮反而抑制丛枝菌根真菌与耐盐植物共生关系的建立;施氮有利于提高滨海盐土的氮矿化作用,施氮量过高并不能对其供氮能力产生促进作用;丛枝菌根真菌与植物共生关系的建立能有效提高氮肥利用效率。施氮和接种AMF通过一定的交互作用对滨海盐土氮矿化过程产生影响。

关键词: 氮矿化, 施氮, 丛枝菌根真菌, 滨海盐土, 硝态氮, 铵态氮, 土壤改良

Abstract:

【Objective】This research aimed to to study the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation and nitrogen application on the nitrogen mineralization and explore a mechanism to improve the nitrogen supply capacity of coastal saline soils. 【Method】AMF and different nitrogen concentrations were applied to Jiangsu coastal saline soils to evaluate nitrogen mineralization by using laboratory incubation methods. 【Result】Nitrogen had a significant effect on the mycorrhizal infection rate (P <0.05). The mycorrhizal of the low nitrogen treatment (N1, 92 mg/kg) reached a 45.22% infection rate, which was significantly higher than that of the high nitrogen (N2, 184 mg/kg) and control treatments, with 32.44% and 16.00%, respectively. Under the AMF treatment, the content of ammonium nitrogen in the low nitrogen treatment was significantly lower than that in the high nitrogen and control treatments (P <0.05). The higher mycorrhizal infection rate was more conducive to plant absorption and assimilation of ammonium nitrogen. Nitrogen application and inoculation treatment significantly affected the ammoniation process of coastal saline soils (P < 0.05) but did not interact with it. The content of nitrate nitrogen increased with an increase in the nitrogen application. The nitrate nitrogen content in the high nitrogen treatment was significantly higher than that of the low nitrogen and control treatments (P < 0.05). The amount of mineralized nitrogen and the net mineralization rate were not significantly different after the nitrogen application and AMF inoculation (P > 0.05); however, the combined treatment had an interaction effect, which significantly promoted mineralization (P < 0.001). 【Conclusion】For coastal saline soils, excessive nitrogen addition inhibits the establishment of a symbiotic relationship between AMF and salt-tolerant plants; nitrogen application was beneficial to nitrogen mineralization; however, excessive nitrogen did not improve nitrogen supply capacity; the establishment of a symbiotic relationship between AMF and plants could effectively improve the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer utilization. Nitrogen application and AMF inoculation had a certain interaction effect on the process of nitrogen mineralization in coastal saline soil.

Key words: nitrogen mineralization, nitrogen application, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), coastal saline soil, $\text{NO}_{3}^{-}-\text{N}$, $\text{NH}_{4}^{+}-\text{N}$, soil improvement

中图分类号:

杨瑞珍,张焕朝,胡立煌,等. 接种AMF及施氮对滨海盐土氮矿化的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(2): 145-153.

YANG Ruizhen, ZHANG Huanchao, HU Lihuang, FAN Zhixin. Effects of AMF inoculation and nitrogen application on nitrogen mineralization of coastal saline soil[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 45(2): 145-153.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202003087.

图/表 7

表1

图1

图2

表2

接种AMF及施氮处理的盐土在不同培养时间的硝态氮、铵态氮含量"

指标 index	处理 treatments	1 d	3 d	5 d	7 d	10 d	20 d	30 d
硝态氮 $NO 3 -$ -N	N0-	51.78±0.08 e	67.06±0.64 d	72.83±3.86 c	71.25±2.64 d	72.70±1.57 c	68.03±1.88 d	68.32±0.78 d
	N1-	66.31±1.92 d	84.12±4.27 c	93.45±4.88 b	83.41±4.99 c	92.54±1.42 b	88.62±2.97 c	87.37±1.04 c
	N2-	80.87±0.74 c	94.52±0.25 b	98.57±2.08 ab	88.94±5.69 bc	100.09±3.89 a	94.57±0.63 b	93.83±0.89 b
	N0+	44.21±1.36 f	58.04±0.52 e	67.56±1.70 c	59.10±2.49 e	55.39±2.04 d	62.36±2.81 e	62.05±0.70 e
	N1+	85.05±0.71 b	94.85±2.19 b	99.19±1.02 ab	94.92±0.31 b	98.73±0.85 a	92.27±0.59 bc	92.34±0.46 b
	N2+	86.72±2.90 a	103.60±1.28 a	101.88±1.69 a	106.87±1.88 a	100.13±2.86 a	103.85±1.16 a	103.38±0.25 a
铵态氮 N $H 4 +$ -N	N0-	4.37±0.85 a	5.19±0.67 a	5.84±0.80 a	5.64±1.21 a	3.56±1.03 a	1.86±0.16 a	0.12±0.04 c
	N1-	2.69±0.20 bc	3.12±0.58 c	3.63±0.49 c	3.19±0.17 b	4.17±0.17 a	1.74±0.62 a	0.34±0.20 c
	N2-	3.55±0.25 ab	4.30±0.20 ab	4.51±0.75 bc	5.28±0.63 a	4.51±0.80 a	1.58±0.16 ab	0.34±0.08 c
	N0+	2.85±0.17 bc	4.84±0.19 ab	4.89±0.13 b	4.85±0.17 a	4.72±0.17 a	1.02±0.09 b	0.87±0.04 b
	N1+	1.33±0.17 d	4.06±0.24 b	5.09±0.34 b	5.47±0.21 a	4.61±0.08 a	1.58±0.12 ab	0.93±0.12 ab
	N2+	2.61±0.35 c	4.65±0.34 ab	6.52±0.25 a	5.23±0.52 a	3.49±0.60 a	1.30±0.19 ab	1.18±0.15 a

表2

表3

图3

图4

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处理 treatments	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1) total N content	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1) soil organic matter content	含水率/% water content	电导率/ (μS·cm^-1) conductivity	pH
N0-	0.78±0.03	11.65±0.45	12.58±0.88	293.33±2.05	8.68±0.01
N1-	0.81±0.02	11.55±0.09	12.89±0.71	299.00±0.82	8.48±0.01
N2-	0.80±0.01	11.33±0.40	12.70±0.95	299.33±1.25	8.48±0.01
N0+	0.82±0.05	9.82±0.51	12.50±0.41	412.33±2.05	8.64±0.01
N1+	0.78±0.02	12.40±2.61	12.44±0.70	422.33±2.05	8.56±0.01
N2+	0.81±0.01	10.00±0.45	11.77±0.23	394.33±1.70	8.50±0.01

指标 index	施氮 N treatments		接种 inoculation		交互作用 interaction
指标 index	F	P	F	P	F	P
净硝化量 net nitrification	3.154	NS	9.473	0.010	31.926	<0.001
净氨化量 net ammoniation	17.239	<0.001	68.153	<0.001	0.353	NS
净氮矿化量 net nitrogen mineralization	0.755	NS	0.933	NS	26.995	<0.001
净硝化速率 net nitrification rate	3.134	NS	9.455	0.010	31.857	<0.001
净氨化速率 net ammoniation rate	17.437	<0.001	68.583	<0.001	0.357	NS
净氮矿化速率 net nitrogen mineralization rate	0.760	NS	0.946	NS	26.982	<0.001

接种AMF及施氮对滨海盐土氮矿化的影响

Effects of AMF inoculation and nitrogen application on nitrogen mineralization of coastal saline soil

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