带状采伐对毛竹林土壤细菌群落结构及多样性的影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202004038

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 60-68.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202004038

带状采伐对毛竹林土壤细菌群落结构及多样性的影响

王树梅¹(), 王波², 范少辉¹, 肖箫¹, 夏雯¹, 官凤英¹^,^*()

1.国际竹藤中心,竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,北京 100102
2.江苏省宜兴市林场,江苏宜兴 214200

收稿日期:2020-04-18 接受日期:2020-11-05 出版日期:2021-03-30 发布日期:2021-04-09
通讯作者: 官凤英
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0600103);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(1632018009);林业科技创新平台运行补助项目(江苏宜兴竹林生态系统国家定位观测研究站运行补助)

Influence of strip cutting management on soil bacterial community structure and diversity in Phyllostachys edulis stands

WANG Shumei¹(), WANG Bo², FAN Shaohui¹, XIAO Xiao¹, XIA Wen¹, GUAN Fengying¹^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory for Bamboo and Rattan, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
2. Yixing Forest Farm of Jiangsu Province, Yixing 214200, China

Received:2020-04-18 Accepted:2020-11-05 Online:2021-03-30 Published:2021-04-09
Contact: GUAN Fengying

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究带状采伐后毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)林土壤细菌群落结构及多样性的变化,认识带状采伐对毛竹林土壤生态系统的影响,为利用带状采伐实现毛竹林规模化经营提供指导。【方法】对毛竹林进行不同宽度(3、9、15 m)的带状采伐,25 d后采集样地内土壤样品,采用Illumina MiSeq 高通量测序技术分析土壤细菌特定基因片段V3-V4区域,鉴定菌种类群,预测细菌功能,并结合7种土壤养分指标(有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾)的测定结果,探讨带状采伐对毛竹林地土壤细菌群落及土壤养分的影响。【结果】随着采伐宽度的增加,土壤有效磷、全钾、速效钾含量降低,土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮含量先增后降。适当采伐可以提高土壤肥力,但采伐宽度超过一定限度后,土壤肥力降低,速效养分含量减少。不同带状采伐对毛竹林土壤中细菌类群的丰度、多样性、均匀度的影响各不相同;3 m采伐宽度的毛竹林地内土壤细菌群落丰富度最高,且物种分布最均匀,随着采伐宽度的增大,其毛竹林地内的细菌群落丰富度和物种均匀度均降低,当采伐宽度超过9 m时,群落间的物种组成变化差异减小。带状采伐后变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度增多,酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、绿湾菌门(Chloroflexi)相对丰度减少,这3种菌门同放线菌门(Actinobacteria)一起占据着毛竹林带状采伐土壤细菌群落种的主要地位,对土壤中碳(C)、氮(N)元素固定及其他养分的转化分解发挥着重要的作用。带状采伐后土壤细菌群落代谢通路中最重要的是碳水化合物代谢和氨基酸代谢,说明带状采伐后土壤细菌的优势功能主要集中在C、N两种元素的固定和转化。【结论】毛竹林带状采伐对土壤细菌群落结构及多样性产生显著影响,3 m宽度的带状采伐能够增加细菌类群的丰度、多样性、均匀度以及土壤养分含量,当采伐宽度增大,上述各项指标降低;综合分析表明带状采伐后土壤微生物类群主要参与C、N元素的固定和转化的相关功能通路。

关键词: 毛竹, 带状采伐, 土壤细菌, 细菌多样性, 细菌群落丰富度, 功能预测

Abstract:

【Objective】In order to provide scientific guidance for understanding the management of bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forests stands and restoration of soil ecosystems, the impact of strip cutting on soil bacterial community structure and diversity was studied. 【Method】Soil samples were collected from P. edulis stands of different widths (3, 9 and 15 m) after 25 d at Yixing, Jiangsu Province. V3-V4 regions were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq High Throughput Sequencing to identify soil bacteria and predict functional groups. Soil organic matter, total N, total P, total K, available N, available P and available K were analyzed using standard methods.【Result】With the increase in cutting width, the contents of soil available P, total K, and available K decreased, while the contents of soil organic matter, and total and available N initially increased and then decreased. The selection of the appropriate cutting width could improve soil fertility, but when the cutting width exceeded a certain limit, the soil fertility and the content of available nutrients decreased. Strip cutting management had an impact on the soil bacterial abundance, diversity and evenness. At a cutting width of 3 m, the soil bacterial community was richer, and species distribution was more uniform than others. With the increase in the cutting width, the bacterial community richness and uniformity in the P. edulis forest decreased. When the cutting width exceeded a certain level, the difference in species composition between communities decreased. Strip cutting increased the diversity of Proteobacteria and decreased that of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and chloroflexi belong to the same functional group in the stripped soil of the bamboo forest, stimulating carbon and nitrogen fixation and the transformation and decomposition of other nutrients. The main metabolic pathways after strip cutting were carbohydrate and amino acid production.【Conclusion】Comprehensive analyses showed that strip cutting of P. edulis forests had a significant influence on the soil bacterial community structure and diversity. The shorter width (3 m) strip cutting could increase the abundance and diversity of soil bacteria and nutrient content. However, with the increase in strip-cutting width, the various indicators decreased. After strip cutting, soil microbial groups mainly acted on the fixation, decomposition, and transformation of C and N.

Key words: Phyllostachys edulis, strip cutting, soil bacteria, bacterial biodiversity, bacterial community richness, function prediction

中图分类号:

S718.83

王树梅,王波,范少辉,等. 带状采伐对毛竹林土壤细菌群落结构及多样性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(2): 60-68.

WANG Shumei, WANG Bo, FAN Shaohui, XIAO Xiao, XIA Wen, GUAN Fengying. Influence of strip cutting management on soil bacterial community structure and diversity in Phyllostachys edulis stands[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 45(2): 60-68.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202004038.

图/表 7

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处理 treatment	有机质/ (g·kg^-1) organic matter	全氮/ (g·kg^-1) total N	碱解氮/ (mg·kg^-1) available N	全磷/ (g·kg^-1) total P	有效磷/ (mg·kg^-1) available P	全钾/ (g·kg^-1) total K	速效钾/ (mg·kg^-1) available K
CK	27.49±1.20 b	1.48±0.02 a	114.13±1.08 b	0.26±0.02 b	0.73±0.03 a	10.30±0.55 a	43.16±2.21 a
A3	30.70±0.43 a	1.50±0.03 a	121.61±0.97 a	0.26±0.01 b	0.71±0.03 a	9.80±0.23 a	39.44±1.68 b
A9	28.27±0.80 b	1.37±0.01 b	101.73±1.82 c	0.26±0.01 b	0.65±0.10 a	9.77±0.21 a	37.83±1.02 b
A15	25.30±0.29 c	1.26±0.04 c	101.97±1.64 c	0.32±0.02 a	0.63±0.13 a	9.62±0.47 a	34.37±1.94 c

门 Phylum	相对丰度/% relative abundances
门 Phylum	CK	A3	A9	A15
变形菌门 Proteobacteria	32.39±2.32 b	34.19±1.55 b	41.64±3.22 a	39.37±2.22 a
放线菌门 Actinobacteria	30.55±4.01 ab	36.14±1.05 a	29.37±3.09 b	27.61±4.32 b
酸杆菌门 Acidobacteria	17.50±1.17 a	12.78±0.40 b	12.60±0.25 b	12.65±1.37 b
绿湾菌门 Chloroflexi	6.56±1.00 a	6.13±0.92 a	5.46±1.83 a	5.86±0.56 a
疣微菌门 Verrucomicrobia	4.08±0.74 a	3.66±0.48 a	3.97±0.75 a	5.07±0.93 a
浮霉菌门 Planctomycetes	2.39±0.50 ab	1.33±0.40 b	1.92±0.21 ab	3.05±1.06 a
芽单胞菌门 Gemmatimonadetes	2.06±0.44 a	1.52±0.21 b	1.16±0.13 b	1.34±0.14 b
匿杆菌门 Latescibacteria	0.50±0.26 a	0.71±0.15 a	0.48±0.25 a	0.85±0.22 a
Patescibacteria	0.48±0.13 b	0.43±0.15 b	0.50±0.22 b	1.10±0.40 a
Rokubacteria	0.32±0.10 b	0.58±0.23 ab	0.63±0.13 ab	0.75±0.18 a
其他 other	3.17±0.20 a	2.53±0.06 b	2.26±0.21 b	2.35±0.51 b

门 Phylum	有机质 organic matter	全氮 total N	碱解氮 available N	全磷 total P	有效磷 available P	全钾 total K	速效钾 available K
变形菌门 Proteobacteria	-0.369	-0.644^*	0.180	-0.522	-0.811^**	-0.383	-0.658^*
放线菌门 Actinobacteria	0.684^*	0.621^*	-0.332	0.356	0.721^**	0.434	0.374
酸杆菌门 Acidobacteria	-0.062	0.415	-0.190	0.508	0.306	0.347	0.684^*
绿湾菌门 Chloroflexi	0.062	0.210	-0.097	0.180	0.319	-0.185	0.331

带状采伐对毛竹林土壤细菌群落结构及多样性的影响

Influence of strip cutting management on soil bacterial community structure and diversity in Phyllostachys edulis stands

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