珍稀濒危植物堇叶紫金牛种群结构及动态分析

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006007

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 159-164.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006007

珍稀濒危植物堇叶紫金牛种群结构及动态分析

马丹丹¹^,²(), 库伟鹏³, 夏国华⁴, 毛洁莹², 薛建辉¹^,^*()

1.南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京 210037
2.浙江农林大学暨阳学院,浙江诸暨 311800
3.浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州 311300
4.浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州 311300

收稿日期:2020-06-03 修回日期:2020-10-13 出版日期:2021-05-30 发布日期:2021-05-31
通讯作者: 薛建辉
基金资助:
浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ17C160005);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY16C030004)

Structure and dynamics of rare and endangered plant Ardisia violacea natural population

MA Dandan¹^,²(), KU Weipeng³, XIA Guohua⁴, MAO Jieying², XUE Jianhui¹^,^*()

1. College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037, China
2. Jiyang College, Zhejiang A & F University, Zhuji 311800, China
3. School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
4. School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China

Received:2020-06-03 Revised:2020-10-13 Online:2021-05-30 Published:2021-05-31
Contact: XUE Jianhui

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】堇叶紫金牛(Ardisia violacea)为中国特有的珍稀濒危植物,目前报道仅在台湾、浙江、安徽有零星分布。研究其种群结构和动态,旨在为维持堇叶紫金牛种群及其生存群落的发展提供一定的科学依据,也为探索堇叶紫金牛种群及群落的保护、更新和生态恢复奠定理论基础。【方法】以2018年新发现的堇叶紫金牛最北分布点杭州市临安区清凉峰镇顺溪坞的种群为研究对象,通过编制静态生命表和生殖力表,绘制种群年龄结构图、存活曲线和死亡率、消亡率曲线图,进行种群结构和动态分析。【结果】①种群内低龄级[D_B(基径)≤1.4 mm]植株数最为丰富,中龄级(1.4<D_B≤1.8 mm)和高龄级(D_B>1.8 mm)植株数较少,表现为增长型种群。②存活曲线趋向于Deevey-Ⅱ型,种群各龄级有相近的死亡率。③未来外部干扰下的数量动态指数V_pi'=0.008 8>0,种群增长速度较为缓慢,且对外界干扰比较敏感。【结论】样地内堇叶紫金牛种群整体呈低增长型发展趋势,生理寿命约4.0 a,种群规模相对稳定。

关键词: 堇叶紫金牛, 种群结构, 静态生命表, 存活曲线, 生殖力

Abstract:

【Objective】 Ardisia violacea, a rare and endangered plant endemic to China, has been found only in Taiwan, Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces. The purpose of this study is to provide a scientific basis for maintaining the development of the Ardisia violacea population and ensuring the survival of the community as well as to lay a theoretical foundation for the protection, regeneration and ecological restoration of the population and community. 【Method】The population of Ardisia violacea in Shunxiwu of Lin’an District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province was newly discovered in 2018; the northernmost region where Ardisia violacea is distributed was taken as the study area for this study. The sample square survey method was adopted. The sample areas were divided into sample squares of 20 m× 20 m, and then each sample square was further divided into 16 small squares of 5 m × 5 m. For each individual plant, we recorded species name, height, basal diameter (D_b), crown width and coverage; habitat factors were recorded, including altitude, latitude, longitude, slope direction, slope, forest canopy density, soil type and vegetation community. The population structure and dynamics of Ardisia violacea were analyzed by compiling the static life table and fertility table, drawing the population age structure diagram, survival curve, mortality curve and extinction rate curve. 【Result】 ① In the population, plants in the low age class (D_B≤ 1.4 mm) were the most abundant, while the middle age class (1.4 < D_B ≤ 1.8 mm) and the old age class (D_B > 1.8 mm) were the least abundant, which shows that this population is growing. ② The survival curve tended to Deevey-Ⅱ, and the population had similar mortality rates at all ages. ③ Under future external interference, V_pi'=0.008 8 > 0, the population growth rate is likely to be slower and sensitive to external disturbances. 【Conclusion】The whole population of Ardisia violacea in the sample plot showed a trend of low growth, a physiological life span of about 4.0 years, and the population size was relatively stable.

Key words: Ardisia violacea, population structure, static life table, survival curve, fertility

中图分类号:

Q958
S718

马丹丹,库伟鹏,夏国华,等. 珍稀濒危植物堇叶紫金牛种群结构及动态分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(3): 159-164.

MA Dandan, KU Weipeng, XIA Guohua, MAO Jieying, XUE Jianhui. Structure and dynamics of rare and endangered plant Ardisia violacea natural population[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 45(3): 159-164.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006007.

图/表 5

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群落分层 layer	序号 No.	种名 species	重要值 important value
乔木层 arborous	1	马尾松Pinus massoniana	37.50
	2	青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca	29.20
	3	甜槠Castanopsis eyrei	17.10
	4	杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata	9.00
	5	石栎Lithocarpus glaber	7.20
灌木层 shrub	1	青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca	15.21
	2	甜槠Castanopsis eyrei	15.18
	3	映山红Rhododendron simsii	8.39
	4	石栎Lithocarpus glaber	8.24
	5	赤楠Syzygium buxifolium	6.85
	6	堇叶紫金牛Ardisia violacea	5.03
	7	马银花Rhododendron ovatum	4.59
	8	石斑木Rhaphiolepis indica	4.53
	9	毛花连蕊茶Camellia fraterna	4.38
	10	刺叶桂樱Laurocerasus spinulosa	3.92
	11	木荷Schima superba	3.68
	12	江南越橘Vaccinium mandarinorum	3.28
	13	满山红Rhododendron mariesii	2.68
	14	檵木Loropetalum chinense	2.62
	15	菝葜Smilax china	2.43
	16	光叶石楠Photinia glabra	1.81
	17	短柄枹栎Quercus glandulifera var. brevipetiolata	1.76
	18	矩形叶鼠刺Itea chinensis var. oblonga	1.38
	19	乌药Lindera aggregata	1.38
	20	长叶冻绿Rhamnus crenata	1.38
	21	山胡椒Lindera glauca	1.28
草本层 herbal	1	石韦Pyrrosia lingua	48.77
	2	黑足鳞毛蕨Dryopteris fuscipes	12.99
	3	野青茅Deyeuxia arundinacea	10.15
	4	山类芦Neyraudia montana	9.86
	5	莲花卷瓣兰Bulbophyllum hirundinis	7.02
	6	倒挂铁角蕨Asplenium normale	6.31
	7	淡竹叶Lophatherum gracile	4.90

x	A_x	a_x	l_x	ln l_x	d_x	q_x	L_x	T_x	e_x	K_x
Ⅰ	123	133	1 000	6.908	331	0.331	835	2417	2.417	0.402
Ⅱ	92	89	669	6.506	195	0.292	571	1582	2.364	0.346
Ⅲ	85	63	474	6.161	135	0.286	406	1011	2.134	0.336
Ⅳ	37	45	338	5.824	113	0.333	282	605	1.788	0.405
Ⅴ	35	30	226	5.419	83	0.367	184	323	1.432	0.457
Ⅵ	10	19	143	4.962	75	0.526	105	139	0.973	0.747
Ⅶ	5	9	68	4.215	-	-	34	34	0.502	-

R₀	r_m	λ	T	x	S_x	m_x
10.641	0.592	1.808	3.993	Ⅰ	1.000	0
				Ⅱ	0.669	3.554
				Ⅲ	0.474	4.165
				Ⅳ	0.338	7.541
				Ⅴ	0.226	7.343
				Ⅵ	0.143	8.700
				Ⅶ	0.068	12.400

珍稀濒危植物堇叶紫金牛种群结构及动态分析

Structure and dynamics of rare and endangered plant Ardisia violacea natural population

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