基于空间结构的杉木枝下高可视化模拟研究

朱念福; 张怀清; 崔泽宇; 杨廷栋; 李永亮; 刘华

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202010037

基于空间结构的杉木枝下高可视化模拟研究

朱念福, 张怀清, 崔泽宇, 杨廷栋, 李永亮, 刘华

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1) : 51-57.

PDF(2784 KB)

国家林草科技领军期刊
中国精品科技期刊
中国高校百佳科技期刊
江苏省新闻出版政府奖期刊奖
RCCSE林学权威期刊（A+）
CSCD核心期刊
Scopus数据库收录期刊
中文核心期刊
SCD核心期刊

作者加群：102861116

微信公众号：南京林业大学学报

高级检索

PDF(2784 KB)

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1) : 51-57. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202010037

专题报道Ⅱ：第二届中国林草计算机大会论文精选（执行主编李凤日）

基于空间结构的杉木枝下高可视化模拟研究

朱念福 ¹^,² ,
张怀清 ¹^,²^,^* ,
崔泽宇 ¹ ,
杨廷栋 ¹ ,
李永亮 ¹ ,
刘华 ¹

作者信息 +

Visual simulation of Chinese fir under branch height in consideration of spatial structure

ZHU Nianfu ¹^,² ,
ZHANG Huaiqing ¹^,²^,^* ,
CUI Zeyu ¹ ,
YANG Tingdong ¹ ,
LI Yongliang ¹ ,
LIU Hua ¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】定量研究林分空间结构对杉木枝下高的影响,构建基于空间结构的枝下高模型,结合杉木生长模型,应用三维可视化技术,实现杉木枝下高可视化模拟。【方法】利用湖南省黄丰桥国有林场6块杉木人工林临时样地的调查数据,选择5个常用枝下高基础模型,分析水平空间结构参数(P_H)、垂直空间结构参数(P_V)和空间结构单元平均距离(d_DIS)及其组合对枝下高的影响,构建综合指标较好且变量少的枝下高模型。基于林分三维模型实时生成方法,建立一种枝干可控的杉木三维模型;结合单木胸径连年生长量模型、树高-曲线模型和冠幅面积估计模型,模拟林木的生长状态。【结果】Logistic模型综合指标较好且模型参数可解释,可选为基础模型;3个空间结构参数中垂直空间结构影响较为显著,将P_V加入到Logistic模型中,改善了枝下高模型的拟合效果,决定系数(R²)从0.717提升到0.741,估计值的标准差从1.407 m减小到1.321 m,并使各项模型检验误差指标有所减小;构建的杉木三维模型可以动态调节枝干,实现了杉木枝下高模拟。【结论】构建的枝下高模型可以应用于林木年龄和部分林分信息未知的杉木林中,体现了林木间的相互竞争影响;结合枝干可控的杉木三维模型,模拟杉木生长过程,形象直观地表现了杉木枝下高的变化,为进一步研究林分生长动态可视化模拟和森林经营可视化模拟提供支持。

Abstract

【Objective】 This study quantitatively investigated the effect of spatial structure on the under-branch height of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), to build a model of Chinese fir under-branch height. The spatial structure combined with the fir growth model, three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology was applied to visually simulate the height of fir branches. 【Method】 Using survey data of six temporary sample plots of Chinese fir plantations in the Huangfengqiao State-owned Forest Farm in Hunan Province, China; five commonly used branch height foundation models were selected to analyze horizontal spatial structure parameters (P_H), vertical spatial structure parameters (P_V), and spatial structure unit average distance (d_DIS). The influence of this combination on the height of branches was constructed with better comprehensive indicators and fewer variables. 【Result】 The Logistic model showed better comprehensive indicators and explanatory model parameters; as such, it was selected as the basic model. Among the three spatial structure parameters, the vertical spatial structure (P_V) had a significant impact (R²=0.741). Adding vertical spatial structure parameters to the Logistic model improved the simulation of the sub-branch height model. As a result, the coefficient of determination (R²) increased from 0.717 to 0.741, the standard deviation of the estimate reduced from 1.407 to 1.321 m, and various model inspection error indicators were reduced.【Conclusion】 The under-branch height model constructed in this study may be applied to Chinese fir forests of unknown tree age and partial stand information, reflecting the mutual competition among forest trees and visually and intuitively expresses changes in the height of fir branches, and supports further research on the visual simulation of forest stand growth dynamics and forest management.

导出引用

朱念福, 张怀清, 崔泽宇, 等. 基于空间结构的杉木枝下高可视化模拟研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2022, 46(1): 51-57 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202010037

ZHU Nianfu, ZHANG Huaiqing, CUI Zeyu, et al. Visual simulation of Chinese fir under branch height in consideration of spatial structure[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2022, 46(1): 51-57 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202010037

中图分类号： S791.27

参考文献

列表( 原文顺序 | 文献年度倒序 | 文中引用次数倒序 ) 可视化分析

[1]

KUPREVICIUS

, AUTY

, ACHIM

, et al. Quantifying the influence of live crown ratio on the mechanical properties of clear wood[J]. Forestry, 2013, 86(3):361-369.DOI: 10.1093/forestry/cpt006.

https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpt006

https://academic.oup.com/forestry/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/forestry/cpt006

本文引用 [2]

[2]	HASENAUER H, MONSERUD R A. A crown ratio model for Austrian forests[J]. For Ecol Manag, 1996, 84(1/2/3):49-60.DOI: 10.1016/0378-1127(96)03768-1. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(96)03768-1 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378112796037681 本文引用 [1]

[3]

PERTTUNEN

, SIEVÄNEN

, NIKINMAA

. Lignum:a model combining the structure and the functioning of trees[J]. Ecol Model, 1998, 108(1/2/3):189-198.DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00028-3.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00028-3

https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304380098000283

本文引用 [1]

[4]

COURNÈDE P

, GUYARD

, BAYOL

, et al. A forest growth simulator based on functional-structural modelling of individual trees[C]// 2009 Third International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling,Simulation,Visualization and Applications. Beijing: IEEE, 2009: 34-41.DOI: 10.1109/PMA.2009.55.

https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2009.55

本文引用 [1]

[5]

FENG

, REFFYE

, DREYFUS

, et al. Connecting an architectural plant model to a forest stand dynamics model: application to Austrian black pine stand visualization[J]. Ann of For Sci, 2012, 69(2):245-255.DOI: 10.1007/s13595-011-0144-5.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-011-0144-5

http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13595-011-0144-5

本文引用 [2]

[6]	MA L Y, ZHANG H Q. Growth visualization of Chinese fir based on improved 3-PG model[C]// 2014 International Conference on Virtual Reality and Visualization. Shenyang: China IEEE, 2014:378-381.DOI: 10.1109/ICVRV.2014.40. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVRV.2014.40 本文引用 [1]

[7]

LIU

, ZHANG H

, LU K

. Research on three-dimensional simulation of tree’s morphology based on tree-crown growth model[C]// 2010 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Software Engineering. Wuhan: IEEE, 2010:1-4.DOI: 10.1109/CISE.2010.5677199.

https://doi.org/10.1109/CISE.2010.5677199

本文引用 [1]

[8]

张宁, 张怀清, 林辉, 等. 基于竞争指数的杉木林分生长可视化模拟研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 2013, 26(6):692-697.

ZHANG

, ZHANG H

, LIN

, et al. Visual simulation of growth process in Cunninghamia lanceolata based on competition index[J]. For Res, 2013, 26(6):692-697.DOI: 10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2013.06.004.

https://doi.org/10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2013.06.004

本文引用 [1]

[9]	刘月, 王君, 杨雨春, 等. 不同林分密度胡桃楸胸径、树高、材积与冠幅关系[J]. 森林工程, 2021, 37(3):28-35. LIU Y, WANG J, YANG Y C, et al. Relationship between crown width and DBH, tree height or volume of Juglans mandshurica in stands of different density[J]. Forest Engineering, 2021, 37(3):28-35. 本文引用 [1]

[10]

卢康宁, 张怀清, 刘闽, 等. 杉木单木生长可视化模拟系统设计与实现[J]. 林业科学研究, 2012, 25(2):207-211.

LU K

, ZHANG H

, LIU

, et al. Design and implementation of individual tree growth visualization system of Cunninghamia lanceolata[J]. For Res, 2012, 25(2):207-211.DOI: 10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2012.02.022.

https://doi.org/10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2012.02.022

本文引用 [1]

[11]

唐丽玉, 王灵霞, 陈崇成, 等. 生长模型驱动的单株杉木三维动态模拟[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2015, 17(6):668-674.

https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1047.2015.00668

摘要

虚拟植物是一种潜在、有力的植物分析辅助工具,而单株木生长模拟是森林生态系统模拟的基础。为了动态模拟杉木生长发育过程,提出了参数化单株木三维形态结构建模和与距离无关的单木生长模型的集成方法,其主要过程为：首先,根据杉木的形态结构特征,采用参数化建模方法建立特定生长阶段的三维静态模型;其次,根据生长模型预测不同年龄杉木的树高、胸径、枝下高和分枝轮数,并与树木三维静态模型几何描述参数建立联动;最后,采用参数曲线调整干径和枝径变化、枝条长度、分枝角等形态结构参数,使模型形态随树龄增长而变化。在自主研发的ParaTree系统上,扩展杉木动态生长模拟模块,并以福建省漳平五一林场的二类调查数据为例,动态模拟了杉木的生长过程。模拟结果表明,本方法可直观表达林分中林木个体平均生长状况和大体形态结构特征。树木三维模型描述参数与传统树木统计生长模型结合,有利于重用林业领域淀积大量的生长模型。

TANG L

, WANG L

, CHEN C

, et al. Growth model driven individual tree 3D dynamic simulation of Cunninghamia lanceolata[J]. J Geo Inf Sc, 2015, 17(6):668-674.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2015.00668.

https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1047.2015.00668

本文引用 [1]

[12]

MA Z

, ZHANG H

, LI Y

, et al. 3D visual simulation of Chinese fir based on the influence of different stand spatial structures[C]// 2017 2nd International Conference on Image,Vision and Computing (ICIVC).June 2-4,2017,Chengdu,China.IEEE, 2017:559-565.DOI: 10.1109/ICIVC.2017.7984618.

https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIVC.2017.7984618

本文引用 [1]

[13]

段光爽, 李学东, 冯岩, 等. 基于广义非线性混合效应的华北落叶松天然次生林枝下高模型[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 42(2):170-176.

DUAN G

, LI X

, FENG

, et al. Generalized nonlinear mixed-effects crown base height model of Larix principis-rupprechtii natural secondary forests[J]. J Nanjing For Univ (Nat Sci Ed), 2018, 42(2):170-176.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201703103.

https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201703103

本文引用 [3]

[14]	MCROBERTS R E, HAHN J T, HEFTY G J, et al. Variation in forest inventory field measurements[J]. Can J For Res, 1994, 24(9):1766-1770.DOI: 10.1139/x94-228. https://doi.org/10.1139/x94-228 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/x94-228 本文引用 [1]

[15]	RITCHIE M W, HANN D W. Equations for predicting height to crown base for fourteen tree species in southwest Oregon[R]. Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 1987, 50:14. 本文引用 [2]

[16]

RUSSELL M

, WEISKITTEL A

, KERSHAW J

. Comparing strategies for modeling individual-tree height and height-to-crown base increment in mixed-species Acadian forests of northeastern North America[J]. Eur J For Res, 2014, 133(6):1121-1135.DOI: 10.1007/s10342-014-0827-1.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-014-0827-1

http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10342-014-0827-1

本文引用 [1]

[17]	RIJAL B, WEISKITTEL A R, KERSHAW J A. Development of height to crown base models for thirteen tree species of the North American Acadian Region[J]. For Chron, 2012, 88(1):60-73.DOI: 10.5558/tfc2012-011. https://doi.org/10.5558/tfc2012-011 http://pubs.cif-ifc.org/doi/10.5558/tfc2012-011 本文引用 [2]

[18]

FU L

, ZHANG H

, SHARMA R

, et al. A generalized nonlinear mixed-effects height to crown base model for Mongolian oak in northeast China[J]. For Ecol Manag, 2017, 384:34-43.DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.012.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.012

https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S037811271630559X

本文引用 [1]

[19]

李想, 董利虎, 李凤日. 基于联立方程组的人工樟子松枝下高模型构建[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(6):9-18.

, DONG L

, LI F

. Building height to crown base models for Mongolian pine plantation based on simultaneous equations in Heilongjiang Province of northeastern China[J]. J Beijing For Univ, 2018, 40(6):9-18.DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170428.

https://doi.org/10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170428

本文引用 [3]

[20]

马载阳, 张怀清, 李永亮, 等. 基于空间结构的杉木树冠生长可视化模拟[J]. 林业科学研究, 2018, 31(4):150-157.

MA Z

, ZHANG H

, LI Y

, et al. Visual simulation of Chinese fir crown growth based on spatial structure[J]. For Res, 2018, 31(4):150-157.DOI: 10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2018.04.021.

https://doi.org/10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2018.04.021

本文引用 [1]

[21]	卢康宁. 基于生理生态模型的杉木形态结构变化可视化模拟研究[D]. 北京:中国林业科学研究院, 2012. LU K N. The research of visual simulation of morphological structure change of Cunninghamia lanceolata based on physiological and ecological model[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Forestry, 2012. 本文引用 [1]

[22]	POMMERENING A. Evaluating structural indices by reversing forest structural analysis[J]. For Ecol Manag, 2006, 224(3):266-277.DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.12.039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2005.12.039 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378112705007875 本文引用 [1]

[23]	惠刚盈, 胡艳波, 赵中华, 等. 基于交角的林木竞争指数[J]. 林业科学, 2013, 49(6):68-73. HUI G Y, HU Y B, ZHAO Z H, et al. A forest competition index based on intersection angle[J]. Sci Silvae Sin, 2013, 49(6):68-73.DOI: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20130610. https://doi.org/10.11707/j.1001-7488.20130610 本文引用 [2]

[24]	惠刚盈, KLAUS V G. 结构化森林经营原理[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2016. HUI G Y, KLAUS V G. Principles of structure-based forest management[M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 2016. 本文引用 [2]

[25]	惠刚盈, 赵中华, 陈明辉. 描述森林结构的重要变量[J]. 温带林业研究, 2020, 3(1):14-20. HUI G Y, ZHAO Z H, CHEN M H. Important variables describing forest structure[J]. J Temp For Res, 2020, 3(1):14-20.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-4900.2020.01.003. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-4900.2020.01.003 本文引用 [2]

[26]	孟宪宇. 测树学[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2006. MENG X Y. Tree surveying[M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 2006. 本文引用 [2]

[27]	惠刚盈, 张连金, 胡艳波, 等. 林分拥挤度及其应用[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2016, 38(10):1-6. HUI G Y, ZHANG L J, HU Y B, et al. Stand crowding degree and its application[J]. J Beijing For Univ, 2016, 38(10):1-6.DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160107. https://doi.org/10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160107 本文引用 [1]

[28]

李思佳, 张怀清, 李永亮, 等. 基于样本库的杉木林分生长动态可视化模拟[J]. 林业科学研究, 2019, 32(1):21-30.

LI S

, ZHANG H

, LI Y

, et al. Dynamic visual simulation of Chinese fir stand growth based on sample library[J]. For Res, 2019, 32(1):21-30.DOI: 10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2019.01.004.

https://doi.org/10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2019.01.004

本文引用 [1]

[29]	童书振, 盛炜彤, 张建国. 杉木林分密度效应研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 2002, 15(1):66-75. TONG S Z, SHENG W T, ZHANG J G. Studies on the density effects of Chinese fir stands[J]. For Res, 2002, 15(1):66-75.DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1498.2002.01.011. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1001-1498.2002.01.011 本文引用 [1]

[30]	曾伟生, 唐守正. 立木生物量方程的优度评价和精度分析[J]. 林业科学, 2011, 47(11):106-113. ZENG W S, TANG S Z. Goodness evaluation and precision analysis of tree biomass equations[J]. Sci Silvae Sin, 2011, 47(11):106-113.DOI: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20111117. https://doi.org/10.11707/j.1001-7488.20111117 本文引用 [1]

[31]	吕勇. 杉木人工林生长率模型的研究[J]. 林业科学, 2002, 38(1):146-149. LV Y. Study on the growth percentage models of individual tree in Chinese fir plantation[J]. Sci Silvae Sin, 2002, 38(1):146-149.DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2002.01.023. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2002.01.023 本文引用 [1]

[32]

李永亮, 鞠洪波, 张怀清, 等. 基于WF的杉木人工林交互式疏伐可视化模拟技术[J]. 林业科学研究, 2014, 27(3):329-334.

LI Y

, JU H

, ZHANG H

, et al. Visualized simulation of interactive thinning in Chinese fir plantation based on workflow technique[J]. For Res, 2014, 27(3):329-334.DOI: 10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2014.03.006.

https://doi.org/10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2014.03.006

本文引用 [1]

[33]	沈国舫. 森林培育学[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2001. SHEN G F. Forest cultivation[M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 2001. 本文引用 [1]

[34]

李永亮, 朱念福, 张怀清, 等. 林分三维模型实时生成方法[J]. 林业资源管理, 2019(4):101-106,116.

LI Y

, ZHU N

, ZHANG H

, et al. Real-time generation methods for stand three-dimensional models[J]. For Resour Manag, 2019(4):101-106,116.DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2019.04.015.

https://doi.org/10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2019.04.015

本文引用 [1]

[35]

马利强, 玉宝, 王立明, 等. 兴安落叶松天然林单木高生长模型[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 37(2):169-172.

MA L

, YU

, WANG L

, et al. Single tree height growth models of Larix gmelinii natural forest[J]. J Nanjing For Univ (Nat Sci Ed), 2013, 37(2):169-172.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2013.02.031.

https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2013.02.031

本文引用 [1]