【目的】分析城市公园绿地空间的可达性,以有效衡量城市居民需求与公园绿地供给的关系,提高城市公共服务水平。【方法】以两步移动搜索法(two-step floating catchment area method,2SFCA)为基础,引入Huff模型,提出改进的两步移动搜索法(improved two-step floating catchment area method,i2SFCA),以河南新乡市主城区为研究区域,对比两种方法计算城市公园绿地步行条件下的空间可达性,并用GIS进行分析。【结果】i2SFCA比2SFCA方法更具适应性和灵活性,尤其是在边界区域的绿地可达性计算中表现更为明显;新乡市主城区中公园绿地分布不够均衡,各片区之间空间可达性分布差距较大,呈西低东高的格局;主城区人口与公园绿地可达性的空间分布不够协调,亟须改善高人口密度而低可达性片区。未来城市公园绿地建设中,应进一步平衡绿地的分布格局,增加小型街头绿地,完善带状绿地,提高绿地的服务质量。【结论】通过两种计算空间可达性方法的实验对比得出,i2SFCA方法更有优势,可明确城市中公园绿地资源缺乏区域,为提高城市社会服务水平提供数据基础。

【Objective】 The analysis of urban green space accessibility effectively measures the relationship between the demand and supply of urban green spaces to improve the urban public services.【Method】 The Huff model was introduced based on the two-step floating catchment area method (2SFCA), and an improved 2SFCA (i2SFCA) was proposed. The main urban area of Xinxiang was defined as the research area for analysis. Results on the spatial accessibility of urban green space for pedestrians calculated by the two methods were compared and analyzed using Geographic Information Systems.【Result】 The experimental results highlighted three key findings. First, i2SFCA is more adaptable and flexible than 2SFCA, particularly in terms of quantifying green space accessibility in the boundary area. Second, the distribution of urban green space was imbalanced in the main urban area of Xinxiang. Additionally, the spatial accessibility for each district varied greatly; it was low in the west and high in the east. Third, the spatial distribution of population and urban green space accessibility was not coordinated; as such, there is an urgent need to improve the areas characterized by high population density and low accessibility. In future constructions of urban green space, the distribution of green space requires greater balance, where small street green spaces should be increased, belt green spaces should be improved, and the service quality of green spaces should be enhanced. 【Conclusion】 The experimental comparison of two computational space accessibility methods demonstrates that the i2SFCA method is more advantageous in this application. This study highlighted the lack of park green space resources in the city, providing a data basis to improve the level of social services in the city.