【目的】从生态系统和全球尺度上考察了树干液流和生物及非生物因子之间的关系,将影响因子参数化以进行全球树干液流的估计,量化比较人为控制环境试验对液流的影响。【方法】采用数据整合分析方法,收集2001—2019年树干液流相关研究数据,从森林生态系统和全球尺度上研究树干液流密度(Fd)对生物和非生物因子的响应,并对树干液流与年平均温度(MAT)、年平均降水量(MAP)、饱和水汽压亏缺(VPD)、光合有效辐射(PAR)、土壤含水率(ρ)等主要影响因子的关系进行多元回归分析。【结果】胸径(DBH)和叶面积指数(LAI)都与Fd在生物群落和全球尺度上高度相关;VPD与Fd呈负相关关系;通过MAT、MAP、VPD、DBH和土壤体积含水率建立参数化模型可以估算树干液流密度;不同控制试验通过影响环境因子,进而影响森林蒸腾。【结论】树干液流主要受到自身生物因子和环境因子的影响并且影响程度因生态系统而异,人为活动可导致环境因子改变进而影响树干液流及蒸腾。

【Objective】The relationship between sap flow and biotic and abiotic factors was examined at the ecosystem and global scales. The influencing factors were parameterized to estimate the global sap flow, and the impact of human-controlled environmental experiments on sap flow was quantitatively analyzed.【Method】Sap flow data from 106 published studies (2001-2019) were collected for our study by using meta-analysis. The response of the sap flow density (Fd) to biotic and abiotic factors was studied at the ecosystem and global scales, and the relationships among sap flow and different factors including the mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), saturated vapor pressure deficit (VPD), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and the soil moisture content (ρ) was determined using multiple regression.【Result】The diameter at breast height (DBH) and the leaf area index (LAI) were highly correlated with Fd at the ecosystem and global scales. The VPD was negatively correlated with Fd. The Fd was estimated through a parametric model based on MAT, MAP, VPD, DBH and the soil volumetric water content. Different manipulative experiments affected forest transpiration through their effects on the associated environmental factors.【Conclusion】The sap flow is predominantly determined by biological and environmental factors and the degree of influence depends on the ecosystem. Human activities lead to changes in the environmental factors, which in turn affect the sap flow and transpiration.