我国人工林林下灌木层植物多样性空间变异及影响要素

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202103014

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 144-152.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202103014

我国人工林林下灌木层植物多样性空间变异及影响要素

郭弘婷¹(), 纪小芳², 汪成³, 邹汉鲁³, 王丽艳⁴, 姜姜¹^,^*()

1.南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏省水土保持与生态修复重点实验室,南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京 210037
2.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京 100081
3.永丰县官山林场,江西吉安 331500
4.江西省林业科学院,江西南昌 330032

收稿日期:2021-03-05 修回日期:2021-07-12 出版日期:2022-07-30 发布日期:2022-08-01
通讯作者: 姜姜
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0505500);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0505502);国家自然科学基金项目(32071612);国家自然科学基金项目(41701225)

Spatial variability and influencing factors of plant diversity in the shrub layers of artificial forests in China

GUO Hongting¹(), JI Xiaofang², WANG Cheng³, ZOU Hanlu³, WANG Liyan⁴, JIANG Jiang¹^,^*()

1. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
3. Yongfeng County Guanshan Forest Farm, Ji’an 331500, China
4. Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China

Received:2021-03-05 Revised:2021-07-12 Online:2022-07-30 Published:2022-08-01
Contact: JIANG Jiang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】灌木层是森林生态系统的重要组成部分,建立我国人工林林下灌木层植物多样性数据库,为森林群落结构维持、生物多样性保护提供技术支撑。【方法】采用结构方程模型(SEM)揭示我国人工林林下灌木层植物多样性空间变异和影响要素。【结果】①林下灌木层植物多样性从南到北逐渐减小;②随着乔木胸径的增大,林下灌木层植物多样性逐渐增大,但分布均匀度有降低趋势;③随着人工林郁闭度的增加,植物多样性呈现先增大后减小趋势,郁闭度约为65.8%时Shannon-Wiener多样性指数达到峰值;④随着林分密度的增大,林下灌木层植物多样性逐渐减小;⑤温度、降水、郁闭度、林分胸径、树高和林分密度因子均对林下灌木层植物多样性具有直接或间接的作用,其中郁闭度对其影响存在阈值(65.8%),当郁闭度超过此阈值,温度和降水为主导因子,而郁闭度低于此阈值,温度的影响权重降低,林下光照的主导作用增强。【结论】在探究人工林林下灌木层植物多样性空间变异及影响要素的过程中,需要综合考虑各种影响因子,并借助多种多样性指数,综合评判林下植物多样性变化情况。本研究结果可为调控人工林林下灌木层植物多样性及林下植物恢复提供参考依据。

关键词: 人工林, 林下灌木层, 生物多样性, 结构方程模型(SEM)

Abstract:

【Objective】 The shrub layer is an important part of the forest ecosystem and plays a key role in maintaining the structure of the forest community and protecting biodiversity. The spatial variability and influencing factors of plant diversity in the undergrowth shrub layers of artificial forests in China were analyzed, providing a reference for regulation of plant diversity under plantations. 【Method】 In this paper, by establishing a database of plant diversity in undergrowth shrubs of artificial forests in China, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to reveal the spatial variability and influencing factors of plant diversity in undergrowth shrubs in artificial forests. 【Result】 (1) Plant diversity in the forest shrub layer gradually decreased from south to north. (2) As the tree diameter at breast height increased, the plant diversity of the shrub layer gradually increased. However, the distribution uniformity tended to decrease. (3) As the canopy closure of the artificial forests increases, the plant diversity initially increased and then decreased. When the Shannon-Wiener diversity index reached its peak, the canopy closure was approximately 65.8%. (4) As the forest density increased, the plant diversity of the shrub layer gradually decreased. (5) Temperature, precipitation, canopy closure, diameter at breast height, tree height and stand density all had direct or indirect effects on the plant diversity of the understory shrub layer. The canopy closure had a threshold of 65.8%, and when it exceeded this threshold, temperature and precipitation were the dominant influencing factors. When the canopy closure was lower than this threshold, the weight of the influence of temperature decreased. The leading role of understory light was enhanced. 【Conclusion】 To explore the spatial variations and influencing factors of plant diversity in the understory shrub layer of artificial forests, it is necessary to consider various influencing factors, and evaluate the change in understory plant diversity with the help of the diversity index. The results of this study can provide a reference basis for regulating plant diversity in the understory shrub layer and the restoration of understory plants.

Key words: artificial forest, undergrowth shrub layer, biodiversity, structural equation model (SEM)

中图分类号:

S718.55+1.2

郭弘婷,纪小芳,汪成,等. 我国人工林林下灌木层植物多样性空间变异及影响要素[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(4): 144-152.

GUO Hongting, JI Xiaofang, WANG Cheng, ZOU Hanlu, WANG Liyan, JIANG Jiang. Spatial variability and influencing factors of plant diversity in the shrub layers of artificial forests in China[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 46(4): 144-152.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202103014.

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我国人工林林下灌木层植物多样性空间变异及影响要素

Spatial variability and influencing factors of plant diversity in the shrub layers of artificial forests in China

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