【目的】森林康养已成为我国“大健康产业”的新模式、新趋势。客观全面的资源适宜性评价是规划森林康养基地的前提和基础,有助于发展森林康养产业和开展森林康养活动。【方法】基于森林康养基地建设要求,以国家标准和行业标准为依据,分析森林康养基地的资源体系、功能谱系以及两者的供需耦合关系,划分了森林康养基地类型;从指标构建、权重确立、指标赋分、评价分级等环节构建适用于不同类型森林康养基地的资源评价方法,研究资源评价结果与森林康养基地类型的对应关系,并结合案例验证分级结果、提出规划指导。【结果】根据森林康养基地分类标准,将森林康养基地划分为综合发展型、康复疗养型、产业经营型、生态保育型;依托森林康养基地资源与功能的供需匹配分析,以及森林康养基地类型划分依据,从场地选址适宜性、接待能力指标与发展潜力指标3个方面构建包括3个准则层、12项一级指标层和45项具体指标,明确各指标权重以及评分标准且针对性与可操作性强的森林康养基地资源评价理论体系。根据案例资源评价分级结果,建议其作为生态保育型森林康养基地进行规划和建设。【结论】本研究形成了具有针对性与可操作性的森林康养基地资源评价理论方法,有助于突破目前森林康养研究的瓶颈,为森林康养基地规划建设提供有效的指导意见。

【Objective】 Forest rehabilitation has become a new model and new trend for China’s “Big health industry”. Objectives and the comprehensive resource evaluation is a prerequisite and basis for planning forest health and maintenance bases, which is helpful for the development of forest health industry and forest health activities.【Method】 Based on the construction characteristics of the forest health and maintenance base, this study consulted and summarized national and industry standards; analyzed the resource system, functional pedigree, and coupling the relationship between the supply and demand of forest health and health bases; and divided the types of forest health and health bases from relevant indicators (e.g., indicator construction, weight establishment, indicator assignment, evaluation classification). And then the corresponding relationship between resource evaluation results and forest health care base types is studied. We used Nanyuntai Forest Farm in Lianyungang City as a case study to verify the grading results and to develop planning guidances.【Result】 A classification standard for forest health care bases was developed, and forest recreation bases were classified into integrated development type, rehabilitation healing type, industrial management type and ecological conservation type. Based on the analysis of matching supply and demand of forest recreation base resources and functions, as well as the classification of forest recreation base types, three aspects of site suitability, reception capacity index, and development potential index were constructed, including three criterion levels, twelve first-level index levels, and 45 specific indicators. The weight of each index and the scoring standard were studied, and a resource evaluation theory system of forest health care bases with strong pertinence and operability was investigated. According to the resource assessment and classification results of the case, it is recommended to be planed and constructed as an ecological conservation type.【Conclusion】 This research developed a targeted and operable theoretical method for forest health and the health base resource evaluation; this approach will help to break the current bottleneck of forest health and health research and provide effective guidance for the planning and construction of forest health and the health bases.