【目的】通过分析已达成熟期的马尾松种源生长与材性变异,揭示不同性状在地理种源上的变异规律,并筛选适合在安徽省六安市及类似立地区域推广的速生且材质优良的纸浆材种源。【方法】以安徽省六安市裕安区国有林木良种场的38年生(成熟林)马尾松55个种源为试材,测定其胸径、树高、管胞长度及宽度、基本密度和微纤丝角,进行生长与材性联合分析。【结果】胸径、树高、材积、管胞长度、管胞宽度、微纤丝角和基本密度在种源水平上均差异极显著(P<0.01)。各性状表型变异系数、遗传变异系数分别为3.02%~58.61%、5.56%~28.16%;胸径、树高、材积、管胞长度、管胞宽度、基本密度和微纤丝角种源遗传力分别为0.665 7、0.558 9、0.616 9、0.996 3、0.965 6、0.739 3和0.823 3。相关性研究表明:生长性状与纬度呈显著负相关,与经度相关不显著;材性与经纬度均相关不显著,但表现出局部的变异规律;生长性状间相关性高于生长与材性间相关性;微纤丝角从髓心至树皮总体随着龄级的增大而减小,木材基本密度、管胞长和宽从髓心至树皮总体随着龄级的逐渐增大而增大,变化幅度随着龄级的增大而减小。通过综合指数选择出5个综合性状优良种源,其胸径、树高、材积、管胞长度与宽度、基本密度和微纤丝角平均遗传增益分别为3.69%、5.72%、15.12%、7.05%、-1.12%、0.17%和-6.46%。【结论】成熟林马尾松种源间差异显著,并且生长性状存在从南向北逐渐减小的变异规律,材性与经纬度不相关,对其进行纸浆材生长与材性联合选择具一定潜力,可为纸浆材马尾松良种选择提供可靠依据。

【Objective】The growth provenance and wood property variation of mature masson pine (Pinus massoniana) are studied, revealing the variation rules for different traits at the level of geographical provenance, and screening suitable provenances for Lu’an City in Anhui Province and similar geographical areas.【Method】We selected the state-owned forest tree seed field in Yu’an District, Lu’an City, Anhui Province as the experimental site. 55 provenances were selected for 38-year-old (mature forest) P. massoniana as the test material. The tree height, diameter at breast height(DBH) volume, length and width of tracheid, basic density and microfibril angle are combined to analyze the growth and material properties.【Result】It was found that the diameter at breast height, tree height, volume, tracheid length, tracheid width, microfibril angle and basic density all showed highly significant differences at the provenance level (P < 0.01). The variation range of the phenotypic coefficients of variation and the genetic variation coefficients of each trait are 3.02%-58.61% and 5.56%-28.16%, respectively. The provenance heritability of the DBH, tree height, volume, tracheid length, tracheid width, basic density and microfibril angle are 0.665 7, 0.558 9, 0.616 9, 0.996 3, 0.965 6, 0.739 3 and 0.823 3, respectively. Growth traits are significantly negatively correlated with latitude, and are not significantly different from longitude. Wood properties at different latitude and longitude are both insignificantly different, but show local variation. In the correlation study, it was found that the correlation between growth traits is higher than that between growth and wood properties. The microfibril angle from the medulla core to the bark decreases with increase in age. The basic wood density, tracheid length and width from the pith to the bark increases with the gradual increase in age class, and the range of change decreases with the increase in age class. Through the comprehensive index, five provenances were selected with excellent comprehensive traits. The average genetic gains of DBH, tree height, volume, tracheid length and width, basic density and microfibril angle were 3.69%, 5.72%, 15.12%, 7.05%,-1.12%, 0.17% and -6.46%.【Conclusion】There is abundant genetic variation among the provenances of P. massoniana in mature forests, and growth characteristics show a variation law that gradually decreases from south to north, with wood properties not being related to latitude and longitude. The joint selection of pulp material growth and material properties provides a reliable basis for the selection of fine varieties of pulp material in P. massoniana.