【目的】揭示百合在复合盐碱胁迫下的生理响应特征。【方法】以OT杂种系百合‘红色宫殿’(Lilium ‘Red Palace’)种球为试验材料,用不同浓度的单盐(NaCl)、中性混合盐[m(NaCl):m(Na₂SO₄)=1:2]和碱性混合盐[m(NaCl): m(Na₂SO₄):m(Na₂CO₃):m(NaHCO₃)=5:23:9:3)进行胁迫处理,蒸馏水为对照(CK)。测定百合叶片及根、茎的形态指标、生物量、根冠比、相对电导率、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白含量、根系活力、相对含水量以及Na⁺、K⁺浓度变化。【结果】①与CK相比,3个不同盐碱处理组的百合地下生物量、总生物量和根冠比均有所降低,地上生物量和各形态指标均表现出对盐碱胁迫低促高抑的特点。②盐碱胁迫导致百合相对电导率、丙二醛含量上升;低浓胁迫促使百合根系活力升高,可溶性蛋白含量上升。当盐碱浓度高于一定值后,百合根系活力和可溶性蛋白含量均呈下降趋势。③各处理百合幼苗地上、地下的K⁺与Na⁺含量比值(记为K⁺/Na⁺值)均下降,其中碱性混合盐处理下K⁺/Na⁺值比中性混合盐和单盐处理的低。④双因素方差分析表明,盐浓度对各项指标的影响大于盐组合,且盐浓度、盐组合及其交互作用对鳞茎直径、总鲜质量、总干质量、根冠比、根系活力及相对含水量均存在极显著影响。【结论】3个盐碱处理组对百合的胁迫程度由强到弱依次为碱性混合盐>中性混合盐>单盐,这一结果可为选择适宜百合生长的土壤提供一定的理论依据。

【Objective】 In this study, we aimed to investigate the physiological response of lily (Lilium) to combined saline-alkali stress in the seedling growth stage. 【Method】 The bulbs of Lilium ‘Red Palace’ were treated with single salt (NaCl), neutral mixed salt [m(NaCl):m(Na₂SO₄)=1:2], and alkali mixed salt [m(NaCl):m(Na₂SO₄):m(Na₂CO₃):m(NaHCO₃) = 5:23:9:3)]to study the morphological indicators, biomass, root-to-shoot ratios, relative conductivity, malondialdehyde content, soluble protein, root vigor, relative water content and Na⁺ and K⁺ contents in lily leaves and rhizomes. 【Result】 (1)Compared with CK, the underground and total biomass and the root-shoot ratio of lily decreased under the three saline-alkali treatments. The above-ground biomass and morphology indexes increased initially and then decreased. (2) Malondial dehyde(MDA) content and relative conductivity were enhanced by saline-alkali. Moreover, root activity and soluble protein content increased in a low-salt environment, but decreased when the saline-alkali concentration exceeded a certain value. (3) Although the K⁺/Na⁺ ratios in the aboveground and underground seedlings decreased after all treatments, the ratio was lower for the alkaline mixed salt treatment than for the neutral mixed salt or single salt treatment. (4) The Two-way analysis of variances showed that the salt concentration had a greater effect on various indexes than salt combination; salt concentration and combination and their interaction effects had significant effects on the bulb diameter, total fresh and dry weight, root-shoot ratios, root activity and relative water content. 【Conclusion】 The results indicated that the three saline-alkali treatments groups on lily decreased in the following order: alkali mixed salt> neutral mixed salt > single salt. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of suitable soil for lily cultivation.