社区生活圈视角下城市公园绿地暴露水平测度

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202107005

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 191-198.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202107005

社区生活圈视角下城市公园绿地暴露水平测度

张金光(), 宋安琪, 夏天禹, 赵兵()

南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2021-07-05 接受日期:2022-08-10 出版日期:2023-05-30 发布日期:2023-05-25
通讯作者: 赵兵
基金资助:
江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20220410);教育部人文社科基金青年项目(22YJCZH237);江苏省高校自然科学基金面上项目(1020221108);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2022SJYB0162)

Evaluating the urban park green space exposure from the perspective of the community life circle

ZHANG Jinguang(), SONG Anqi, XIA Tianyu, ZHAO Bing()

College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2021-07-05 Accepted:2022-08-10 Online:2023-05-30 Published:2023-05-25
Contact: ZHAO Bing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】社区生活圈是居民日常生活接触最密切的空间单元。评估生活圈内公园绿地的暴露水平,能够精准刻画居民与公共绿色资源日常交互场景,识别公园绿地服务盲点。【方法】选取南京市中心城区为实证案例,首先通过Isochrone 应用程序编程接口(API)计算居住小区15 min步行等时圈,以此作为社区生活圈的划定依据;其次构建了一个涵盖数量、面积、距离和质量的系统性暴露水平测度体系来评估圈内公园绿地暴露度;最后,采用区位熵指数和Getis-Ord $G i *$ 指数分析公园绿地暴露度和人口之间的供需空间匹配度,以及公园绿地暴露冷点-热点居住小区的空间聚类分布。【结果】①南京城区居住小区的公园绿地暴露度存在空间分布不均衡性,城区内近一半的居住小区分布在公园绿地暴露的盲点(20.12%)和冷点(25.63%)区域;②区位熵指数表明研究区域内公园绿地暴露度与人口之间的空间匹配度失衡;③公园绿地暴露度呈现了显著的“圈层”结构聚类状态。【结论】研究成果可为细化城市绿地系统规划、促进公园绿地科学合理的配置提供理论和实践支撑。

关键词: 公园绿地, 暴露度, 冷-热点聚类分析, 社区生活圈, 空间匹配度, 配置优化, 南京

Abstract:

【Objective】The community life circle is the most basic spatial unit comprising residents’ daily lives. Assessing exposure to park green spaces (PGSs) within the community life circle can accurately portray daily interactions between urban residents and public green resources, thus identifying blind spots in PGS services. 【Methed】In this study, we selected the central area of Nanjing city as a case study. First, the 15-minute walkable zone of the residential community was calculated using the isochrone as the basis for the demarcation of the community life circle. Additionally, a systematic exposure assessment framework covering quantity, area, distance and quality was constructed to assess the service capacity of PGSs within the walkable zone. Finally, the locational entropy and Getis-Ord $G i *$ indexes were used to analyze the spatial match of supply and demand between PGS exposure and demand from residents, in addition to the spatial clustering distribution of PGS exposure within cold-hot spot communities. 【Result】(1) An uneven spatial distribution of PGS exposure existed within urban residential areas, with 20.12% and 25.63% of the residential communities being located in the blind and cold spots, respectively. (2) The locational entropy index indicated that there was an imbalance within the spatial matching between PGS exposure and urban dwellers’ demand. (3) The PGS exposure showed a significant “circle” structure clustering. 【Conclusion】These findings provide theoretical support for refining the planning of urban green space systems while also promoting the scientific and reasonable allocation of PGS.

Key words: park green space, exposure degree, cold-hot spots clustering analysis, community life circle, spatial matching degree, configuration optimization, Nanjing City

中图分类号:

TU984

张金光,宋安琪,夏天禹,等. 社区生活圈视角下城市公园绿地暴露水平测度[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(3): 191-198.

ZHANG Jinguang, SONG Anqi, XIA Tianyu, ZHAO Bing. Evaluating the urban park green space exposure from the perspective of the community life circle[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 47(3): 191-198.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202107005.

图/表 5

表1

基于15 min社区生活圈的公园绿地暴露度评价分值表"

服务维度 dimension	评价指标 indicator	权重 weight	盲点值 blind spot value	冷热点值 cold-hot spot value
数量quantity	圈内公园绿地数量/个	1	0	0
面积area	圈内公园绿地面积/hm²	1	0	>0
质量quality	圈内公园绿地质量累计值	1	0	>0
距离proximity	圈内访问公园绿地最短路径距离/m	1	>1 200	≤1 200
分值value			0	0< $G i *$ ≤1

表1

图1

表2

表3

图2

参考文献 21

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分级 classification	综合暴露度 integrated exposure value	居住小区数量/个 number of communities	居住小区占比/% proportion of communities
盲点blind spot	0	409	20.12
冷点cold spot	0.001~0.148	521	25.63
次冷点subcold spot	0.149~0.283	508	24.98
次热点subhot spot	0.284~0.449	383	18.84
热点hot spot	0.450~0.782	212	10.43

区位熵等级 Q_j level	Q_j	居住小区数量 number of communities	居住小区占比/% proportion of communities
极低very low	Q_j≤ 0.1	527	25.92
较低lower	0.1 <Q_j≤0.6	442	21.74
中等medium	0.6 <Q_j≤1.5	392	19.28
较高higher	1.5 <Q_j≤5	439	21.59
极高very high	Q_j>5	233	11.47

社区生活圈视角下城市公园绿地暴露水平测度

Evaluating the urban park green space exposure from the perspective of the community life circle

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