红松半同胞家系生长性状变异分析与优良家系选择

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202107040

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 109-116.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202107040

红松半同胞家系生长性状变异分析与优良家系选择

贾庆彬¹(), 刘庚¹, 赵佳丽¹, 李奎友², 孙文生¹^,^*()

1.吉林省林业科学研究院,吉林长春 130033
2.露水河国家红松良种基地,吉林白山 134300

收稿日期:2021-07-27 修回日期:2022-03-01 出版日期:2022-07-30 发布日期:2022-08-01
通讯作者: 孙文生
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0601103-01);吉林省林业重大科技攻关计划项目(2015-001)

Variation analyses of growth traits in half-sib families of Korean pine and superior families selection

JIA Qingbin¹(), LIU Geng¹, ZHAO Jiali¹, LI Kuiyou², SUN Wensheng¹^,^*()

1. Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Science, Changchun 130033,China
2. Lushuihe National Forestry Improved Breeding Base, Baishan 134506, China

Received:2021-07-27 Revised:2022-03-01 Online:2022-07-30 Published:2022-08-01
Contact: SUN Wensheng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】分析红松(Pinus koraiensis)半同胞家系生长性状的遗传变异,选择优良家系,为红松高世代遗传改良提供材料。【方法】以吉林露水河国家红松良种基地内红松半同胞家系子代测定林为研究对象,对34个家系(包括对照1个)不同林龄(18、23、27 a)时期的生长性状进行家系间差异性比较、遗传参数估算、表型相关与遗传相关分析,综合各林龄阶段家系生长表现,以材积和育种值为主要指标进行优良家系选择。【结果】不同林龄时期,树高、胸径、材积的家系间差异均达到极显著水平。材积家系间差异主要受遗传效应影响,随林龄增长,作用逐渐加强。树高与胸径主要受遗传效应、遗传与环境互作效应共同影响,冠幅主要受环境效应影响。4个性状中,树高变异相对较小,材积变异较大。树高、胸径、材积受较强遗传控制,冠幅受中低遗传控制。林龄18~23 a时,树高、胸径、材积的家系遗传力呈下降趋势;林龄23~27 a时,遗传力变幅较小,表现趋于稳定。遗传进展变化趋势与遗传变异系数变化趋势一致,表现为树高、胸径、材积随林龄增长有所下降,林龄23 a后变幅缩小,基本稳定。生长性状间表型相关与遗传相关均表现为正相关关系。胸径与材积遗传相关达到极显著水平;树高与材积遗传相关随林龄增长逐渐减弱;冠幅与材积遗传相关随林龄增长逐渐加强。对参试家系3个林龄时期的生长表现进行综合分析与评价,筛选出优良家系2个,二者材积均值高出对照25.84%,高出参试家系平均值50.00%,高出表现较差的1331号家系114.29%。【结论】所选1302号、1046号优良家系材积现实增益显著,可为红松高世代育种提供基础材料,对今后红松生长性状的遗传改良以及大径材定向培育等具有积极意义。

关键词: 红松, 半同胞家系, 生长性状, 遗传变异, 家系选择

Abstract:

【Objective】 We analyzed the genetic variation of growth traits in half sib families of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis), and select superior families to provide materials for genetic improvement of high generations of Korean pine. 【Method】 The progeny determination forest of half-sib families in Lushuihe National Forestry Improved Breeding Base was used for the experimental material. The differences in growth traits of 34 families, including one contrast, at different forest ages (18, 23 and 27-year old) were compared. The genetic parameters were estimated, and the phenotypic correlation and genetic correlation were analyzed. Based on the growth performance of families at each stand age, superior families were selected with volume and breeding value as the main indices. 【Result】 At different forest ages, the differences in height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and volume among families were highly significant. The difference in volume between families was mainly affected by genetic effects, and this effect was gradually strengthened with the growth of forest age. Height and DBH were mainly affected by genetic effects, genetic and environmental interaction effects, and crown width was mainly influenced by environmental effects. Among the four growth traits, there was less variations in the height and more variations in the volume. The height, DBH and volume were under strong genetic control, and the crown width was under medium and low genetic control. From 18 to 23 years of age, the heritability of height, DBH and volume showed a downward trend. From 23 to 27 years of age, the heritability changed slightly and tended to be stable. The variation trend for the selection response was consistent with that of the genetic variation coefficient, which showed that the selection response of height, DBH and volume decreased with the growth of forest age, and the variation range was stable after 23 years of age. The phenotypic correlation and genetic correlation among growth traits showed a positive correlation. The genetic correlation between the DBH and volume was highly significant. The genetic correlation between the height and volume decreased gradually with the increase in forest age. The genetic correlation between the crown width and volume gradually strengthened with forest age. Through the analysis and evaluation of the growth performance of all families in three forest age stages, two superior families were selected. The average volume of superior families was 25.84% higher than the contrast, 50.00% higher than the average value of all families, and 114.29% higher than the 1331 family which showed poor performance. 【Conclusion】 The actual gain in volume of superior families 1302 and 1046 was significant. The superior families can provide basic materials for high-generation breeding of Korean pine, and had positive significances for the genetic improvement of growth traits and directional cultivation of large-diameter wood of Korean pine in the future.

Key words: Pinus koraiensis (Korean pine), half-sib families, growth traits, genetic variation, family selection

中图分类号:

S722.5

贾庆彬,刘庚,赵佳丽,等. 红松半同胞家系生长性状变异分析与优良家系选择[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(4): 109-116.

JIA Qingbin, LIU Geng, ZHAO Jiali, LI Kuiyou, SUN Wensheng. Variation analyses of growth traits in half-sib families of Korean pine and superior families selection[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 46(4): 109-116.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202107040.

图/表 5

表1

红松半同胞家系生长性状描述性统计与方差分析"

指标 item		林龄/a age	树高/m height	胸径/cm DBH	材积/m³ volume	冠幅/m crown width
均值 mean		18	4.180	7.261	0.014	2.814
		23	6.172	11.513	0.044	3.452
		27	7.789	14.005	0.075	3.466
标准差 SD		18	0.530	1.753	0.007	0.565
		23	0.714	2.371	0.019	0.746
		27	0.902	2.837	0.033	0.789
		18	2.66 ~ 5.78	2.70 ~ 13.95	0.001 7 ~ 0.051 8	1.35 ~ 4.36
变幅 range		23	3.80 ~ 8.05	5.70 ~ 21.50	0.009 2 ~ 0.164 4	1.40 ~ 6.00
		27	5.00 ~ 10.87	7.00 ~ 24.60	0.015 9 ~ 0.257 1	1.50 ~ 6.23
变异系数 CV		18	0.126 8	0.241 4	0.500 0	0.200 8
		23	0.115 7	0.205 9	0.431 8	0.216 1
		27	0.115 8	0.202 6	0.440 0	0.227 6
方差分量 variance component	家系 $σ F 2$	18	0.018 8	0.220 9	0.040×10^-4	0.006 7
		23	0.025 4	0.272 6	0.208×10^-4	0.017 5
		27	0.026 6	0.377 3	0.575×10^-4	0.010 8
	区组 $σ B 2$	18	0.008 1	0.065 0	0.025×10^-4	0.066 5
		23	0.007 3	0.033 2	0.074×10^-6	0.034 7
		27	0.042 3	0.004 9	0.029×10^-4	0.012 2
	家系× 区组 $σ F B 2$	18	0.016 5	0.102 0	0.096×10^-5	0.013 8
		23	0.003 3	0.441 5	0.175×10^-4	0.008 5
		27	0.100 5	0.324 3	0.250×10^-4	0.003 5
	误差 $σ e 2$	18	0.430	4.898	0.000 07	0.345
		23	0.917	9.851	0.000 60	0.887
		27	0.937	12.914	0.001 70	1.082
	家系 family	18	2.906^**	2.888^**	3.360^**	2.547^**
		23	2.123^**	1.938^**	2.281^**	1.827^**
		27	2.564^**	1.979^**	2.311^**	1.413
	区组 block	18	3.723^**	2.901^**	2.966^**	7.226^**
F		23	2.094^**	1.389	1.006	6.351^**
		27	7.567^**	0.960	1.227	2.540^**
	家系× 区组 family × block	18	1.155	1.083	1.156	1.772^**
		23	1.014	0.848	0.888	1.038
		27	1.429^**	0.913	0.936	1.013

表1

图1

表2

红松半同胞家系生长性状遗传参数估计"

性状 trait	林龄/a age	I_PCV	I_GCV	H²	$h n 2$	遗传进展ΔG
性状 trait	林龄/a age	I_PCV	I_GCV	H²	$h n 2$	ρ=0.05 i=2.06	ρ=0.10 i=1.75	ρ=0.20 i=1.40
	18	0.163 2	0.032 8	0.656	0.161 6	0.054 7	0.046 5	0.037 2
树高height	23	0.157 6	0.025 8	0.529	0.107 4	0.038 7	0.032 8	0.026 3
	27	0.132 4	0.020 9	0.610	0.100 0	0.033 6	0.028 6	0.022 9
	18	0.314 7	0.064 7	0.654	0.169 2	0.107 8	0.091 6	0.073 3
胸径DBH	23	0.282 3	0.045 4	0.484	0.103 2	0.065 1	0.055 3	0.044 2
	27	0.263 5	0.043 9	0.495	0.110 8	0.063 6	0.054 1	0.043 2
	18	0.618 4	0.142 9	0.702	0.213 5	0.246 6	0.209 5	0.167 6
材积volume	23	0.574 2	0.103 5	0.562	0.130 0	0.159 8	0.135 8	0.108 6
	27	0.562 9	0.101 1	0.567	0.129 0	0.156 8	0.133 2	0.106 6
	18	0.214 8	0.029 0	0.607	0.073 3	0.046 5	0.039 5	0.031 6
冠幅crown width	23	0.276 8	0.038 3	0.453	0.076 7	0.053 1	0.045 1	0.036 1
	27	0.302 1	0.030 0	0.292	0.039 4	0.033 4	0.028 4	0.022 7

表2

表3

表4

红松半同胞家系材积变异分析与育种值估计"

家系号 family No.	林龄/a age	均值/m³ mean	变异系数 CV	育种值 breeding value	家系号 family No.	林龄/a age	均值/m³ mean	变异系数 CV	育种值 breeding value
1362	18	0.009 3±0.005 1 a	0.550 1	-0.002 93	1378	18	0.011 6±0.0058 abcd	0.498 6	-0.001 63
	23	0.031 0±0.012 3 a	0.396 3	-0.006 29		23	0.035 6±0.0107 abc	0.300 4	-0.005 10
	27	0.056 6±0.025 5 abc	0.451 2	-0.009 74		27	0.062 3±0.0239 abcd	0.384 2	-0.007 51
1078	18	0.009 4±0.005 3 ab	0.562 8	-0.003 11	1347	18	0.013 0±0.0063 abcd	0.485 6	-0.000 25
	23	0.038 2±0.013 1 abcd	0.343 4	-0.003 29		23	0.045 3±0.0206 abcd	0.455 8	0.000 32
	27	0.066 5±0.023 2 abcd	0.348 9	-0.005 52		27	0.075 3±0.0328 abcde	0.435 9	0.000 30
1024	18	0.010 2±0.005 1 abc	0.496 5	-0.002 98	1332	18	0.013 3±0.0067 abcd	0.500 9	-0.000 75
	23	0.034 0±0.015 1 abc	0.443 2	-0.004 67		23	0.047 1±0.0193 abcde	0.410 1	0.000 90
	27	0.061 0±0.020 7 abcd	0.339 8	-0.007 10		27	0.080 1±0.0337 abcde	0.421 7	0.002 38
1099	18	0.012 0±0.006 5 abcd	0.544 4	-0.001 38	1331	18	0.013 5±0.0083 abcd	0.611 9	0.000 17
	23	0.044 1±0.025 5 abcd	0.578 6	0.000 46		23	0.033 3±0.0183 abc	0.548 4	-0.004 64
	27	0.076 0±0.021 5 abcde	0.284 3	0.001 72		27	0.052 5±0.0298 a	0.568 0	-0.010 56
1318	18	0.013 4±0.006 1 abcd	0.449 6	-0.000 05	1080	18	0.013 5±0.0061 abcd	0.452 4	-0.000 18
	23	0.047 0±0.017 8 abcde	0.378 9	0.002 45		23	0.041 1±0.0158 abcd	0.385 8	-0.001 09
	27	0.086 4±0.019 4 abcde	0.229 1	0.006 22		27	0.063 4±0.0240 abcd	0.378 7	-0.005 92
CK	18	0.013 5±0.004 6 abcd	0.336 2	-0.000 25	1022	18	0.013 7±0.005 5 abcd	0.403 3	-0.000 20
	23	0.050 5±0.021 6 abcde	0.428 5	0.004 47		23	0.046 2±0.0171 abcde	0.368 8	0.001 54
	27	0.089 4±0.035 8 cde	0.401 6	0.010 33		27	0.079 9±0.0526 abcde	0.658 2	0.001 30
1334	18	0.014 1±0.007 9 abcd	0.559 0	0.001 25	1357	18	0.013 7±0.0047 abcd	0.340 3	0.000 33
	23	0.043 1±0.018 9 abcd	0.439 1	0.001 23		23	0.044 9±0.0152 abcd	0.339 0	0.000 25
	27	0.081 8±0.027 2 abcde	0.339 4	0.007 11		27	0.076 9±0.0178 abcde	0.231 7	0.001 16
1314	18	0.014 8±0.002 7 abcd	0.182 1	0.000 74	1363	18	0.014 3±0.0057 abcd	0.397 0	-0.000 41
	23	0.048 2±0.012 8 abcde	0.266 7	0.002 08		23	0.045 5±0.0192 abcde	0.422 7	-0.000 72
	27	0.079 0±0.033 1 abcde	0.424 5	0.002 13		27	0.077 2±0.0275 abcde	0.358 1	-0.002 11
1089	18	0.015 3±0.005 0 abcd	0.327 8	0.000 83	1100	18	0.014 7±0.0039 abcd	0.268 3	0.000 31
	23	0.046 5±0.011 4 abcde	0.245 0	0.001 53		23	0.042 9±0.0082 abcd	0.192 0	0.000 16
	27	0.072 4±0.018 3 abcde	0.253 3	-0.002 08		27	0.076 8±0.0410 abcde	0.539 8	0.000 93
1038	18	0.016 1±0.006 0 abcd	0.373 6	0.001 31	1333	18	0.014 8±0.0062 abcd	0.420 8	0.000 59
	23	0.050 1±0.012 3 abcde	0.245 6	0.002 72		23	0.040 5±0.0163 abcd	0.401 2	-0.002 04
	27	0.084 6±0.031 9 abcde	0.389 6	0.005 38		27	0.078 0±0.0381 abcde	0.493 2	0.000 82
1064	18	0.018 1±0.008 8 de	0.485 0	0.001 45	1398	18	0.015 3±0.0037 abcd	0.233 5	0.001 02
	23	0.044 4±0.011 5 abcd	0.259 8	-0.000 96		23	0.048 8±0.0152 abcde	0.310 6	0.003 31
	27	0.071 8±0.021 3 abcde	0.296 0	-0.004 64		27	0.075 4±0.0328 abcde	0.435 0	0.002 47
1046	18	0.024 6±0.009 2 f	0.377 5	0.005 94	1035	18	0.015 4±0.0042 abcd	0.273 0	0.000 71
	23	0.064 3±0.023 7 ef	0.369 1	0.008 12		23	0.056 2±0.0148 def	0.263 3	0.005 09
	27	0.102 5±0.030 1 ef	0.323 2	0.012 54		27	0.090 2±0.0365 cde	0.407 9	0.006 41
1090	18	0.009 6±0.004 8 ab	0.504 2	-0.003 17	1031	18	0.016 0±0.0075 abcd	0.470 2	0.001 56
	23	0.032 6±0.012 5 abc	0.384 5	-0.005 67		23	0.041 5±0.0221 abcd	0.531 3	-0.000 45
	27	0.056 1±0.024 9 abc	0.443 4	-0.009 10		27	0.079 9±0.0246 abcde	0.311 3	0.001 04
1061	18	0.009 8±0.004 6 abc	0.471 0	-0.002 36	1065	18	0.016 5±0.0063 bcd	0.384 5	0.002 12
	23	0.035 2±0.023 7 abc	0.405 1	-0.003 10		23	0.045 6±0.0130 abcde	0.284 6	0.001 02
	27	0.057 5±0.018 4 abc	0.319 2	-0.006 58		27	0.069 9±0.0222 abcde	0.317 7	-0.003 16
1380	18	0.009 8±0.005 3 abc	0.546 9	-0.002 69	1379	18	0.016 7±0.0093 cd	0.559 1	0.000 70
	23	0.031 4±0.012 0 ab	0.382 1	-0.005 86		23	0.050 7±0.0181 bcde	0.357 5	0.001 77
	27	0.055 1±0.017 9 ab	0.324 8	-0.009 62		27	0.093 0±0.0289 de	0.320 0	0.007 23
1067	18	0.009 9±0.006 3 abc	0.634 5	-0.002 51	1348	18	0.018 1±0.0098 de	0.544 1	0.002 47
	23	0.032 3±0.020 7 ab	0.639 2	-0.005 11		23	0.052 0±0.0179 cde	0.344 5	0.004 03
	27	0.052 6±0.030 2 a	0.574 5	-0.010 43		27	0.089 3±0.0371 bcde	0.430 1	0.007 24
1094	18	0.011 0±0.003 9 abc	0.355 2	-0.002 03	1302	18	0.023 5±0.0123 ef	0.522 6	0.005 37
	23	0.039 4±0.009 6 abcd	0.243 6	-0.002 95		23	0.071 3±0.039 4 f	0.552 5	0.010 49
	27	0.071 0±0.021 7 abcde	0.305 5	-0.003 59		27	0.122 0±0.037 4 f	0.364 6	0.020 96

表4

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性状 trait	林龄/a age	树高 height			胸径DBH			材积volume			冠幅 crown width
性状 trait	林龄/a age	18 a	23 a	27 a	18 a	23 a	27 a	18 a	23 a	27 a	18 a	23 a	27 a
	18	1	0.775	0.682	0.950^**	0.793	0.670	0.929*	0.777	0.667	0.621	0.579	0.265
树高height	23	0.823	1	0.836	0.731	0.844	0.682	0.691	0.801	0.674	0.422	0.695	0.386
	27	0.871	0.819	1	0.649	0.717	0.685	0.639	0.730	0.722	0.470	0.563	0.403
	18	0.996^**	0.789	0.767	1	0.834	0.731	0.979^**	0.823	0.727	0.677	0.667	0.366
胸径DBH	23	0.961^*	0.984^**	0.863	0.908^*	1	0.913^*	0.809	0.968^**	0.876	0.569	0.855	0.608
	27	0.926^*	0.922^*	0.828	0.871	0.931^*	1	0.752	0.933^*	0.971^**	0.549	0.814	0.683
	18	0.956^*	0.752	0.745	0.993^**	0.897	0.892	1	0.840	0.771	0.650	0.627	0.354
材积volume	23	0.908^*	0.917^*	0.841	0.894	0.988^**	0.942^*	0.181	1	0.944^*	0.562	0.802	0.591
	27	0.875	0.867	0.787	0.858	0.957^**	0.986^**	0.281	0.620	1	0.539	0.772	0.650
	18	0.825	0.383	0.729	0.866	0.727	0.909*	0.795	0.722	0.884	1	0.572	0.369
冠幅 crown width	23	0.930^*	0.770	0.935^*	0.859	0.897	0.859	0.873	0.991^**	0.8141	0.989^**	1	0.773
	27	0.641	0.906*	0.862	0.648	0.989^**	0.787	0.635	0.972^**	0.986^**	0.906^*	0.828	1

红松半同胞家系生长性状变异分析与优良家系选择

Variation analyses of growth traits in half-sib families of Korean pine and superior families selection

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