【目的】为了更好地发挥城市河道景观的生态、社会、经济等功能,将定性和定量评价相结合,构建水敏性河道景观的评价模型,明确河道景观后续设计重点方向。【方法】 以南京月牙湖为研究对象,采用层次分析法(AHP)构建城市水敏性河道景观评价体系,设置生态、美学、功能为准则,水质、雨水利用、生物栖息地多样性、植物物种多样性、水景层次丰富度、个性化景观、雨水艺术化处理、环境协调性、公众参与、生态教育、管理维护、防洪蓄水等为指标,根据专家意见确定各指标层的权重,结合不同背景人群问卷调查的数据,通过距离指数法对月牙湖各指标的适宜性进行评价。【结果】 数据显示,月牙湖水敏性景观距离指数为0.36,评价等级为基本适宜,生态距离指数为0.48(基本适宜),美学距离指数为0.26(基本适宜),功能距离指数为0.19(适宜);通过指标因子的权重可看出月牙湖还需实现雨水资源的净化、收集、储蓄和利用,以及雨水设施与景观的艺术设计,增加生物栖息地类型与面积,增加种植水敏性植物种类和数量,修复生态环境;分析不同背景人群评价的数据得出,在生物栖息地多样性、植物物种多样性、水景层次丰富度、雨水艺术化处理、生态教育、管理维护等指标上,评价结果存在显著差异。【结论】 本研究构建的水敏性河道景观评价模型可为城市河道景观的后续评价与修复设计提供理论依据,为河道景观的后续可持续发展明确设计方向。

【Objective】To improve the ecological, social and economic functions of urban river landscapes, qualitative and quantitative evaluations were combined to construct an evaluation model of water-sensitive river landscapes, and clarify the key direction of subsequent design of river landscape. 【Method】Taking Nanjing Crescent Lake as the research object, an urban water-sensitive river landscape evaluation system was constructed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Diversity, richness of waterscape levels, personalized landscape, artistic rainwater treatment, environmental coordination, public participation, ecological education, management and maintenance, flood control and water storage were used as indicators, and the weight of each indicator layer was determined according to expert opinions and combined with different backgrounds. The data of the population questionnaire survey was used to evaluate the suitability of each index of Crescent Lake by the distance index method.【Result】The data showed that the index of water-sensitivity landscape distance of Crescent Lake is 0.36, the evaluation level is basically suitable, the ecological distance index is 0.48 (basically suitable). the aesthetic distance index is 0.26 (basically suitable), and the functional distance index is 0.19 (suitable). The weight of the factors showed that Crescent Lake still needs to realize the purification, collection, storage and utilization of rainwater resources, as well as the artistic design of rainwater facilities and landscapes, increase the type and area of biological habitats, increase the types and numbers of water-sensitive plants, and restore the ecological environment. Through the data analysis of the evaluation of people with different backgrounds, we concluded that there are significant differences in the evaluation results in indicators such as biological habitat diversity, plant species diversity, waterscape layer richness, artistic rainwater treatment, ecological education, and management and maintenance. 【Conclusion】The water-sensitive river landscape evaluation model constructed in this study can provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent evaluation and design of urban river landscapes, and clarify the design direction for the subsequent sustainable development of river landscapes.