【目的】报道柳树痂囊腔菌(Elsinoë murrayae)的全基因组序列,与甜橙痂囊腔菌杨树致病型的基因组进行比较分析,为阐述柳树痂囊腔菌的致病和适应性机制提供参考。【方法】采用Illumina HiSeq 2500 测序仪对柳树痂囊腔菌的全基因组序列进行测序,预测蛋白编码基因,筛选与致病相关的碳水化合物活性酶基因、小分泌蛋白基因和次生代谢产物基因簇。根据痂囊腔属真菌基因的直系同源关系,筛选柳树痂囊腔菌和甜橙痂囊腔菌杨树致病型之间共有特异性的基因和二者之间差异基因,并进行GO富集分析。鉴定柳树痂囊腔菌的交配类型位点,使用特异性引物进行PCR,检测分离株的交配类型。【结果】组装获得了1个20.7 Mb基因组,完整度99%;预测出8 256个蛋白编码基因,其中包括486个碳水化合物活性酶基因,193个小分泌蛋白基因和16个次生代谢产物基因簇 (GenBank登录号:NKHZ00000000)。系统进化和共线性分析显示柳树痂囊腔菌和甜橙痂囊腔菌杨树致病型亲缘关系最近,两者之间具有12个在其他痂囊腔菌中没有的共有特异性基因。两个真菌的比较基因组分析,筛选出752和1 746个差异基因,主要参与碳水化合物代谢和毒素代谢的生物学过程。已有分离株的交配类型均为MAT1-2。【结论】获得柳树病原真菌-柳树痂囊腔菌的基因组,筛选出痂囊腔菌中负责寄主适应性的候选基因,分析了柳树痂囊腔菌交配系统,这可为柳树病害防治和柳树-病原真菌相互作用研究提供关键信息。

【Objective】 This study reported the complete genome sequence of Elsinoë murrayae and comparisons with the Elsinoë australis poplar spot anthracnose (PSA) pathotype, aiming to provide a reference for explaining the pathogenic and specialized mechanism of E. murrayae. 【Method】 A draft genome sequence of E. murrayae was sequenced to annotate protein-coding genes and carbohydrate-active enzyme genes. Small secreted protein genes and secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters were screened. According to the orthologous relationship of the genes of Elsinoë spp., the common specific genes of E. murrayae and E. australis (PSA) were identified, and the differential genes between E. murrayae and E. australis (PSA) were screened out and analyzed using GO enrichment. The mating type locus was identified, and the mating type of isolates was detected using PCR with specific primers. 【Result】 A 20.7 Mb genome with 99% completeness was obtained. A total of 8 256 protein-coding genes were predicted, including 486 carbohydrate-active enzyme genes, 193 small secreted protein genes, and 16 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (GenBank accession No.: NKHZ00000000). The phylogenetic analysis and whole genome synteny comparisons showed that E. murrayae and E. australis (PSA) had the closest relationship, and the two fungi had 12 common specific genes which were not found in other Elsinoë spp. Compared with the two fungi, 752 and 1 746 different genes were screened, of which encoding proteins were mainly involved in carbohydrate metabolic processes and toxin metabolic processes. The mating type of all the isolates was MAT1-2. 【Conclusion】 The genome of E. murrayae, a fungal pathogen of willow, was reported for the first time. The candidate genes responsible for the host specialization were screened, and the mating system of E. murrayae was analyzed. These studies provided key information for willow disease control and willow-pathogen interaction.