外施24-表油菜素内酯(EBR)对银杏叶片发育和生理特征影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202109026

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 81-87.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202109026

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外施24-表油菜素内酯(EBR)对银杏叶片发育和生理特征影响

王孟珂(), 杨晓明(), 汪贵斌, 周婷婷, 国颖, 国靖

南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2021-09-12 修回日期:2022-02-24 出版日期:2023-07-30 发布日期:2023-07-20
通讯作者: * 杨晓明(xmyang@njfu.edu.cn),讲师。
作者简介:王孟珂(nanlinwmk@njfu.edu.cn)。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971689)

Effects of external 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) application on the development and physiological characteristics of Ginkgo biloba leaves

WANG Mengke(), YANG Xiaoming(), WANG Guibin, ZHOU Tinging, GUO Ying, GUO Jing

Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2021-09-12 Revised:2022-02-24 Online:2023-07-30 Published:2023-07-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】通过喷施不同质量浓度的24-表油菜素内酯(EBR),探索外源EBR对银杏(Ginkgo biloba)实生苗生长发育及其生理特征的影响,为银杏栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以1年生银杏半同胞家系为试验材料,采用完全随机区组试验设计,叶面喷施不同浓度(质量浓度0~2.0 mg/L)EBR后,对银杏幼苗生长、叶片光合特性及激素含量进行测定。【结果】外施EBR处理后,银杏实生苗的生长存在显著差异(P < 0.05),叶长、叶面积、苗高、叶质量和生物量等均在1.0 mg/L处理下最高,与对照相比分别提高了23.6%、52.6%、140.2%、87.7%和69.1%。1.5和2.0 mg/L EBR处理下银杏净光合速率比对照提高了40.2%和41.5%。银杏叶中双氢玉米素、吲哚丙酸、赤霉毒和脱落酸等内源激素含量在1.5 mg/L处理时达到最大值,而生长素处于最小值。外源EBR处理下,银杏叶中内源油菜素内酯的含量与茉莉酸和吲哚丙酸的含量显著正相关,与玉米素含量之间显著负相关(R>0.5, P < 0.05)。【结论】喷施适宜浓度的外源EBR能够提高银杏的净光合速率、调节各内源激素的含量,进而促进茎的伸长生长、叶面积的扩展和叶干质量的积累。

关键词: 银杏, 24-表油菜素内酯(EBR), 内源激素

Abstract:

【Objective】 To better understand how 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) affects the development and physiological characteristics of ginkgo, different concentrations were sprayed onto ginkgo leaves, laying a theoretical basis upon which the oriented cultivation of ginkgo can be applied. 【Method】 Ginkgo leaves were placed in a randomized block design and treated with different concentrations of EBR (0-2.0 mg/L). The growth index, photosynthetic characteristics, and hormone content of EBR-treated annual seedlings were measured. 【Result】 The growth of ginkgo seedlings differed significantly following EBR treatment (P <0.05), with 1.0 mg/L EBR leading to increases of 23.6%, 52.6%, 140.2%, 87.7% and 69.1% in the maximum leaf length, leaf area, plant height, leaf weight and total weight, respectively, as compared to the control. Treatment with 1.5 mg/L (BR3) and 2.0 mg/L (BR4) led to increases of 40.2% and 41.5%, respectively, in the net photosynthetic rate as compared to the control. The maximum content of the endogenous hormones dihydrozein, indolepropionic acid, gibberellin, and abscisic acid and the minimum auxin content was observed under 1.5 mg/L EBR. The content of endogenous brassinolide was significantly positively correlated with the contents of methyl jasmonic and indolepropionic acid and negatively correlated with zeatin (R > 0.5, P < 0.05). 【Conclusion】 The results indicate that the exogenous spraying of ginkgo with EBR is an effective agronomic measure that could improve the net photosynthetic rate of gingko, while also regulating the content of endogenous hormones in the plant, thus promoting stem elongation, leaf area expansion, and leaf dry weight accumulation.

Key words: ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba), 24-epibrassinolide(EBR), endogenous hormone

中图分类号:

S156.4

王孟珂,杨晓明,汪贵斌,等. 外施24-表油菜素内酯(EBR)对银杏叶片发育和生理特征影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(4): 81-87.

WANG Mengke, YANG Xiaoming, WANG Guibin, ZHOU Tinging, GUO Ying, GUO Jing. Effects of external 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) application on the development and physiological characteristics of Ginkgo biloba leaves[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 47(4): 81-87.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202109026.

图/表 6

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处理 treatment	苗高/cm seedling height	地径/cm ground diameter	叶长/cm leaf length	叶宽/cm leaf width	叶面积/cm² leaf area	叶厚/mm leaf thickness	根冠比 root to shoot ratio
CK	5.64±0.29 c	3.90±0.17 a	6.35±0.37 b	5.07±0.28 a	11.73±0.94 b	0.38±0.30 a	0.21±0.03 a
EBR1	9.54±0.35 b	3.99±0.16 a	7.15±0.08 ab	5.39±0.04 a	13.68±0.36 b	0.40±0.01 a	0.17±0.02 a
EBR2	13.55±0.60 a	4.24±0.11 a	7.85±0.77 a	5.86±0.57 a	17.90±1.74 a	0.42±0.00 a	0.15±0.01 a
EBR3	8.90±0.42 b	3.82±0.11 a	7.45±0.13 ab	6.01±0.21 a	15.35±1.05 ab	0.41±0.02 a	0.17±0.01 a
EBR4	9.80±0.53 b	4.13±0.17 a	6.84±0.25 ab	5.74±0.09 a	14.16±1.01 b	0.39±0.00 a	0.19±0.02 a

处理 treatment	叶 leaf	茎 stem	根 root	合计 total
CK	2.27±0.00 e	0.57±0.06 a	0.59±0.08 a	3.43±0.1 d
EBR1	2.61±0.00 d	0.70±0.08 a	0.57±0.09 a	3.88±0.16 c
EBR2	4.26±0.00 a	0.77±0.07 a	0.78±0.08 a	5.80±0.14 a
EBR3	2.92±0.00 c	0.71±0.05 a	0.62±0.04 a	4.25±0.07 c
EBR4	3.24±0.00 b	0.80±0.11 a	0.79±0.10 a	4.84±0.20 b

处理 treatment	胞间CO₂浓度/ (μmol·mol^-1) Ci	净光合速率/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1) Pn	气孔导度/ (mmol·m^-2·s^-1) Gs	蒸腾速率/ (mmol·m^-2·s^-1) Tr	饱和水汽压差/ kPa VPD	水分利用效率/ (μmol·mol^-1) WUE
CK	420.33±10.27 a	3.73±0.29 b	36.33±1.20 c	1.10±0.06 b	3.07±0.03 a	3.33±0.32 a
EBR1	437.17±20.70 a	4.30±0.46 ab	49.00±4.68 bc	1.43±0.12 ab	2.98±0.07 a	3.07±0.95 a
EBR2	415.83±16.58 a	3.63±0.33 b	45.33±4.10 c	1.33±0.11 b	2.98±0.06 a	2.78±0.75 a
EBR3	439.40±5.54 a	5.42±0.40 a	65.40±6.59 ab	1.84±0.13 a	2.86±0.07 a	2.98±0.24 a
EBR4	468.25±4.59 a	5.50±0.44 a	78.50±8.02 a	1.88±0.28 a	2.43±0.14 b	3.03±0.50 a

处理 treatment	含量/(mg·g^-1) content				叶绿素a/b chlorophyll a/b	类胡萝卜素/ 总叶绿素 carotenoids/ chlorophyll
处理 treatment	叶绿素a chlorophyll	叶绿素b chlorophyll b	总叶绿素 chlorophyll	类胡萝卜素 carotenoids	叶绿素a/b chlorophyll a/b	类胡萝卜素/ 总叶绿素 carotenoids/ chlorophyll
CK	1.49±0.01 a	0.58±0.02 a	2.07±0.03 a	0.27±0.00 a	2.56±0.07 b	0.11±0.00 a
EBR1	1.48±0.04 a	0.59±0.09 a	2.06±0.13 a	0.27±0.02 a	2.60±0.3 b	0.11±0.00 a
EBR2	1.25±0.03 b	0.37±0.01 b	1.62±0.04 b	0.26±0.00 a	3.40±0.03 a	0.08±0.00 b
EBR3	1.47±0.01 a	0.51±0.01 a	1.98±0.02 a	0.28±0.01 a	2.90±0.06 ab	0.10±0.00 a
EBR4	1.50±0.01 a	0.59±0.05 a	2.08±0.06 a	0.27±0.01 a	2.57±0.18 b	0.11±0.00 a

处理 treatment	赤霉素 GA₃	脱落酸 ABA	玉米素 ZR	茉莉酸 JAMe	生长素 IAA	油菜素内酯 BR	双氢玉米素 DHZR	吲哚丙酸 IPA	赤霉素 GA₄
CK	2.91±0.11 c	74.48±1.14 b	6.75±0.33 b	24.92±0.84 a	48.94±2.05 a	7.77±0.30 a	2.75±0.14 b	8.73±0.21 b	5.49±0.24 b
EBR1	3.57±0.16 b	93.83±3.05 a	9.05±0.43 a	20.39±0.80 b	50.06±1.92 a	7.05±0.16 b	2.95±0.14 b	8.56±0.48 b	6.03±0.30 b
EBR2	3.51±0.05 b	67.43±2.80 b	7.86±0.39 ab	16.83±0.45 c	50.13±1.20 a	6.78±0.19 b	2.51±0.12 b	8.14±0.13 b	5.91±0.21 b
EBR3	3.96±0.11 a	94.29±2.39 a	6.76±0.37 b	22.93±1.05 a	35.51±1.43 b	7.77±0.02 a	4.10±0.15 a	10.64±0.34 a	8.39±0.31 a
EBR4	2.96±0.09 c	72.65±3.22 b	8.28±0.29 a	16.00±0.61 c	31.69±1.45 b	7.18±0.24 ab	2.82±0.12 b	9.21±0.39 b	6.03±0.23 b

外施24-表油菜素内酯(EBR)对银杏叶片发育和生理特征影响

Effects of external 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) application on the development and physiological characteristics of Ginkgo biloba leaves

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激素种类 hormones	GA₃	ABA	ZR	JAMe	IAA	BR	DHZR	IPA
ABA	0.549^*
ZR	0.029	0.077
JAMe	0.135	0.429	-0.575^*
IAA	0.002	-0.124	0.123	0.230
BR	0.008	0.325	-0.749^**	0.739^**	-0.212
DHZR	0.616^*	0.693^**	-0.320	0.437	-0.478	0.478
IPA	0.387	0.474	-0.417	0.315	-0.697^**	0.533^*	0.820^**
GA₄	0.705^**	0.559^*	-0.345	0.199	-0.480	0.380	0.779^**	0.713^**

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