【目的】随着公园城市建设的不断推进,许多城市发展目标需要蓝绿空间的协同规划才能实现。优化城市蓝绿空间布局有利于促进蓝绿协同规划,科学制定蓝绿空间测评标准。【方法】采用双重绩效的测评方式,基于GIS平台,以上海市普陀区为例,从游憩服务、环境生态两大方面选择空间可达性、空间使用水平、内涝疏导和冷岛效应4个绩效测评因子对城市蓝绿空间的布局合理性进行科学分析,得出上海市普陀区低绩效的典型区域并对其原因进行解析,最终从3个方面提出城市蓝绿空间的布局优化策略。【结果】整个普陀区的蓝绿空间绩效等级不高,基于双重绩效测评的普陀区蓝绿空间有几个明显特征:①社区蓝绿空间的数量与分布占比少;②游憩服务绩效南北差异大、分布不均;③环境生态绩效呈现出南北较优而中部欠佳的特点;④整个蓝绿空间绩效等级不高,绩效最低的区域大致分布在中南部区域。【结论】基于以上特征,从城市水体布局、城市绿地布局和蓝绿空间协调布局3个方面提出优化策略:整合水体生态系统,提高水体的整体效率;整合离散绿地,提高绿地的游憩及生态效率,构建绿地生态系统;选取典型区域为优化核心节点,进行由点及面的蓝绿空间系统优化。研究成果能为改善现状空间布局和规划未来蓝绿空间提供务实的评判标准和解决方案。

【Objective】With the continuous promotion of park city construction, many urban development goals require synergistic planning of blue-green spaces to achieve, and it is particularly important to scientifically develop criteria for measuring blue-green spaces in order to promote synergistic planning of blue-green spaces. 【Method】This study adopts a dual-performance measurement approach, based on a GIS platform, and takes Putuo District in Shanghai City as an example. It selects four performance measurement factors, namely spatial accessibility, spatial use level, waterlogging diversion, and cold island effect, from two aspects: recreation services and environmental ecology, to scientifically analyze the rationality of the layout of urban blue-green spaces, and to derive typical areas of low performance in Putuo District in Shanghai and analyze their causes. The layout optimization strategies of urban blue-green spaces are proposed from three aspects. 【Result】The performance rating of blue-green spaces in the whole Putuo District is not high, and there are several obvious characteristics of the blue-green spaces in Putuo District based on the double performance assessment: (1) the number and distribution of community blue-green spaces are small; (2) the performance of recreation services differs greatly from north to south and is unevenly distributed; (3) the environmental and ecological performance shows a better characteristic in the north and south but less in the middle district; (4) the performance rating of the whole blue-green spaces is not high, and the lowest performance areas are roughly. The lowest-performing areas are located in the central and southern regions. 【Conclusion】Based on the above characteristics, optimization strategies are proposed from three aspects: the layout of urban water bodies, the layout of urban green spaces, and the coordinated layout of blue-green spaces. The research results show that the current spatial layout of the city's water bodies and the coordinated layout of blue-green spaces can be improved. The research results will provide practical criteria and solutions for improving the current spatial layout and planning future blue-green spaces.