不同砧木对楸树嫁接苗生长及光合特性的影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201003

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 97-106.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201003

不同砧木对楸树嫁接苗生长及光合特性的影响

贾瑞瑞¹(), 祝艳艳¹, 杨秀莲¹^,^*(), 付钰¹, 岳远征¹, 王良桂¹^,²

1.南京林业大学风景园林学院, 江苏省风景园林重点实验室, 江苏南京 210037
2.南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2022-01-05 修回日期:2022-05-15 出版日期:2023-09-30 发布日期:2023-10-10
通讯作者: *杨秀莲(yangxl339@126.com),教授。
作者简介:贾瑞瑞(371627553@qq.com)。
基金资助:
江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(19)2038);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

Effects of different rootstocks on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of grafted seedlings of Catalpa bungei

JIA Ruirui¹(), ZHU Yanyan¹, YANG Xiulian¹^,^*(), FU Yu¹, YUE Yuanzheng¹, WANG Lianggui¹^,²

1. Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture of Jiangsu Province,College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China
2. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China

Received:2022-01-05 Revised:2022-05-15 Online:2023-09-30 Published:2023-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】分析不同梓树(Catalpa ovata)和滇楸(C. fargesii)嫁接苗第1年各生长指标和光合特性的差异,探究不同砧木对楸树(C. bungei)嫁接苗生长的影响,为初步筛选适宜楸树嫁接的砧木以及楸树良种繁育提供参考。【方法】以梓树和滇楸为砧木,以‘南林1号’(‘Nanlin 1’)‘洛楸’(‘Luoqiu’)和‘苏楸1号’(‘Su 1’)为接穗,进行芽接,共6个嫁接组合,测定嫁接后128、141、155、174和189 d的叶绿素含量、净光合速率与叶绿素荧光参数,并统计嫁接6个月后的成活率,测定接穗当年的高生长和径生长量及生长1年后嫁接口上下径粗度比。【结果】 6种砧穗组合中‘南林1号’/滇楸的成活率最高,达76.91%,‘苏楸1号’/滇楸成活率最低,仅有32.05%;‘南林1号’/梓树的接穗高生长和径生长量最大,分别为165.51、2.89 cm,‘苏楸1号’/滇楸的接穗高生长和径生长量最小,分别为83.43、1.63 cm。各嫁接组合嫁接口上下径粗度比均小于1,嫁接生长第1年,均未出现“大小脚”现象,但‘苏楸1号’/滇楸亲和性最差。在整个生长测定期,除以‘苏楸1号’为接穗的嫁接组合外,滇砧嫁接组合的叶绿素含量、净光合速率(P_n)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)及PSⅡ潜在活性(F_v/F_o)总体上均不同程度地大于梓砧嫁接组合。不同嫁接组合和生长时期均对叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量和P_n产生显著影响。嫁接后155 d,各组合差异显著,P_n与叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量均呈显著正相关(P<0.05),‘南林1号’/滇楸、‘洛楸’/滇楸叶绿素含量较高,其能量转换效率高、光合能力强;P_n与F_m(最大荧光)、F_v/F_o呈显著正相关,‘苏楸1号’/滇楸和‘苏楸1号’/梓树组合P_n和F_v/F_o较低,F_o较高,说明其耐强光能力较弱。【结论】初步判断认为‘南林1号’和‘洛楸’以滇楸作砧木时,发展潜力更大,而‘苏楸1号’以梓树作砧木时,综合表现更好。该研究仅分析各砧穗组合嫁接第1年的生长差异,后期生长状况以及是否出现“大小脚”现象还需进一步探究。

关键词: 楸树, 砧穗组合, 光合特性, 叶绿素荧光, 生长状态

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study mainly analyzed the differences in the growth indexes and photosynthetic characteristics of different Catalpa ovata and C. fargesii grafted seedlings in the first year, and studied the effect of different rootstocks on the growth of C. bungei grafted seedlings, to provide a basic reference for the preliminary screening of suitable rootstocks for C. bungei grafting and subsequent in-depth research.【Method】C. ovata and C. fargesii were used as rootstocks, and C. bungei ‘Nanlin 1’, C. bungei ‘Luoqiu’and C. bungei ‘Su 1’ were used as scions. There were six grafting combinations in total. The chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured at 128, 141, 155, 174 and 189 d after grafting. After 6 months, the survival rate of each grafting combination was counted. The height and diameter growth of scions in the current year and the ratio of upper to lower diameters of grafting interface after one year were measured.【Result】The survival rate of C. bungei ‘Nanlin 1’/C. fargesii was the highest among the six grafting combinations, reaching 76.91%. The survival rate of C. bungei ‘Su 1’/C. fargesii was the lowest, only 32.05%. The scion height and diameter growth of C. bungei ‘Nanlin 1’/ C. ovata were the largest, 165.51 and 2.89 cm, respectively. The scion height and diameter growth of C. bungei ‘Su 1’/C. fargesii were the smallest, 83.43 and 1.63 cm respectively. The ratio of upper to lower diameter of each grafting combination was less than 1, and there was no phenomenon of ‘big and small feet’ in the first year of grafting growth. However, the compatibility of C. bungei ‘Su 1’/C. fargesii was the worst. In the whole growth period, except for the grafting combination with C. bungei ‘Su 1’ as scion, the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), maximum photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ (F_v/F_m) and potential activity of PS Ⅱ (F_v/F_o) of the grafting combination with C. fargesii as rootstock were generally higher than those with C. ovata as rootstock. Different grafting combinations and growth periods had significant effects on P_n, the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll the content of. 155 days after grafting, significant differences were among the combinations. P_n was significantly positively correlated with content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll (P < 0.05). C. bungei ‘Nanlin 1’ / C. fargesii and C. bungei ‘Luoqiu’ / C. fargesii had a high chlorophyll content, high energy conversion efficiency and strong photosynthetic ability. P_n was significantly positively correlated with F_m (maximum fluorescence) and F_v/F_o. P_n and F_v/F_o of C. bungei ‘Su 1’/C. fargesii and C. bungei ‘Su 1’/C. ovata combinations were lower and F_o (initial fluorescence) was higher, indicating that their ability to withstand strong light was weak. 【Conclusion】 To sum up, the preliminary judgment showed that when C. bungei ‘Nanlin 1’ and C. bungei ‘Luoqiu’ used C. fargesii as rootstock, the development potential was greater. While when C. bungei ‘Su 1’ used C. ovata as rootstock, the comprehensive performance was better. This study only analyzed the growth difference of each rootstock-scion combination in the first year of grafting. The growth condition in the later stage and whether there are ‘big and small feet’ need to be further explored.

Key words: Catalpa bungei, rootstock and scion combination, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence, growth state

中图分类号:

S688
S718

贾瑞瑞,祝艳艳,杨秀莲,等. 不同砧木对楸树嫁接苗生长及光合特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(5): 97-106.

JIA Ruirui, ZHU Yanyan, YANG Xiulian, FU Yu, YUE Yuanzheng, WANG Lianggui. Effects of different rootstocks on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of grafted seedlings of Catalpa bungei[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 47(5): 97-106.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201003.

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嫁接组合 grafting combination	成活率/% survival rate	新梢高生长量/cm high scion growth	新梢粗生长量/cm scion diameter growth	嫁接口上下径粗比 ratio of scion diameter to stock diameter
NZ	59.08±1.46 c	165.51±4.85 a	2.89±0.92 a	0.933±0.124 a
ND	76.91±1.57 a	122.60±6.37 c	2.47±0.65 b	0.840±0.245 cd
LZ	72.35±2.25 b	159.06±11.05 a	2.34±1.09 b	0.885±0.071 bc
LD	73.22±3.76 b	139.25±14.32 b	2.27±1.69 b	0.891±0.065 b
SZ	60.95±2.33 c	107.51±12.25 d	1.94±1.30 c	0.822±0.029 d
SD	32.05±1.42 d	83.43±5.06 e	1.63±2.09 d	0.721±0.087 e

指标 index	嫁接组合 grafting combination		嫁接时间 grafting time		嫁接组合 × 嫁接时间 grafting combination× grafting time
指标 index	F	P	F	P	F	P
叶绿素a含量 Chl a content	92.231	<0.01	60.259	<0.01	7.265	<0.01
叶绿素b含量 Chl b content	83.321	<0.01	42.334	<0.01	5.126	<0.01
总叶绿素含量 Chl (a+b) content	90.587	<0.01	50.947	<0.01	3.888	<0.01
净光合速率 net photosynthetic rate	19.564	<0.01	204.873	<0.01	4.935	<0.01

嫁接时间/d grafting time	叶绿素a含量/(mg·g^-1) chlorophyll a content
嫁接时间/d grafting time	NZ	ND	LZ	LD	SZ	SD
128	1.826±0.065 Ab	1.875±0.059 Aa	1.825±0.025 Ab	1.807±0.032 Bb	1.654±0.067 Cc	1.624±0.041 BCc
141	1.853±0.042 Aa	1.876±0.041 Aa	1.695±0.033 Cb	1.859±0.030 Aa	1.709±0.046 Bb	1.657±0.042 Bc
155	1.862±0.053 Aa	1.852±0.037 Aa	1.751±0.041 Bc	1.851±0.031 Aa	1.786±0.024 Ab	1.736±0.036 Ac
174	1.805±0.014 Bb	1.844±0.036 ABa	1.689±0.032 Cc	1.791±0.036 Bb	1.714±0.025 Bc	1.592±0.040 Cd
189	1.788±0.025 Bb	1.835±0.029 Ba	1.586±0.025 Dd	1.642±0.040 Cc	1.382±0.034 Df	1.506±0.028 De

嫁接时间/d grafting time	叶绿素b含量/(mg·g^-1) chlorophyll b content
嫁接时间/d grafting time	NZ	ND	LZ	LD	SZ	SD
128	0.552±0.009 Bb	0.678±0.017 Ba	0.530±0.015 Ab	0.541±0.026 ABb	0.398±0.013 Bc	0.406±0.015 Bc
141	0.592±0.021 Bb	0.723±0.033 Aa	0.413±0.014 Bc	0.602±0.049 Ab	0.438±0.025 ABc	0.435±0.042 Ac
155	0.709±0.010 Aa	0.568±0.069 Cb	0.443±0.020 Bc	0.584±0.027 Ab	0.484±0.013 Ac	0.443±0.023 Ac
174	0.594±0.011 Ba	0.528±0.018 Cb	0.410±0.013 Bd	0.493±0.008 Bc	0.409±0.016 Bd	0.347±0.035 Ce
189	0.485±0.015 Cb	0.524±0.021 Ca	0.341±0.034 Cc	0.359±0.021 Cc	0.367±0.037 Cc	0.301±0.011 Cd

嫁接时间/d grafting time	总叶绿素含量/(mg·g^-1) total chlorophyll content
嫁接时间/d grafting time	NZ	ND	LZ	LD	SZ	SD
128	2.395±0.093 Bb	2.553±0.086 Aa	2.355±0.056 Ab	2.348±0.049 ABb	2.051±0.050 Cc	2.030±0.112 Bc
141	2.445±0.086 ABb	2.598±0.085 Aa	2.109±0.098 Bc	2.461±0.092 Ab	2.147±0.109 Bc	2.092±0.082 Bc
155	2.571±0.060 Aa	2.419±0.056 Bb	2.196±0.047 Bd	2.436±0.059 Ab	2.269±0.039 Ac	2.180±0.085 Ad
174	2.425±0.055 Ba	2.372±0.100 Bab	2.101±0.096 Bc	2.285±0.079 Bb	2.123±0.096 BCc	1.939±0.071 Cd
189	2.273±0.064 Cb	2.359±0.052 Ba	1.926±0.044 Bd	2.006±0.105 Cc	1.749±0.054 Df	1.814±0.060 De

不同砧木对楸树嫁接苗生长及光合特性的影响

Effects of different rootstocks on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of grafted seedlings of Catalpa bungei

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编号 No.	接穗 scion	砧木 rootstock	简称 abbreviation
1	‘南林1号’	梓树	NZ
2	‘洛楸’	梓树	LZ
3	‘苏楸1号’	梓树	SZ
4	‘南林1号’	滇楸	ND
5	‘洛楸’	滇楸	LD
6	‘苏楸1号’	滇楸	SD

嫁接时间/d grafting time	净光合速率/(μmol·m^-2·s^-1) net photosynthetic rate
嫁接时间/d grafting time	NZ	ND	LZ	LD	SZ	SD
128	11.35±0.50 Bc	13.25±0.63 Ba	12.27±0.72 Bb	12.88±0.64 Cab	11.23±0.41 Cc	9.77±0.45 Bd
141	15.93±0.71 Aa	14.23±0.60 Bb	13.07±1.67 Bab	14.65±1.23 Bab	13.67±1.58 Bb	14.05±2.39 Aab
155	15.77±0.69 Acd	18.47±0.45 Aa	16.83±2.51 Abc	17.26±1.10 Aab	15.17±0.51 Ad	13.62±0.43 Ae
174	10.78±1.38 BCbc	11.40±1.10 Cb	10.76±1.02 Cbc	13.73±2.19 BCa	10.68±1.32 Cbc	9.48±0.80 Bc
189	9.83±0.49 Cab	10.45±0.85 Cab	9.32±0.33 Cbc	9.53±0.93 Dbc	8.88±0.73 Dc	6.77±0.55 Cd

指标index	Chla	Chlb	Chl(a+b)	F_o	F_m	F_v/F_m	F_v/F_o	P_n
Chla	1
Chlb	0.855^*	1
Chl(a+b)	0.966^*	0.959^*	1
F_o	-0.054	-0.148	-0.104	1
F_m	0.599^*	0.495^*	0.578^*	0.096	1
F_v/F_m	0.428^*	0.416^*	0.436^*	0.078	0.486^*	1
F_v/F_o	0.433^*	0.409^*	0.430^*	0.269	0.358	0.859^*	1
P_n	0.587^*	0.551^*	0.584^*	0.084	0.424^*	0.315	0.406^*	1

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