不同砧木对楸树嫁接苗生长及光合特性的影响

贾瑞瑞; 祝艳艳; 杨秀莲; 付钰; 岳远征; 王良桂

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201003

贾瑞瑞, 祝艳艳, 杨秀莲, 付钰, 岳远征, 王良桂

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5) : 97-106.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5) : 97-106. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201003

研究论文

不同砧木对楸树嫁接苗生长及光合特性的影响

贾瑞瑞 ¹ ,
祝艳艳 ¹ ,
杨秀莲 ¹^,^* ,
付钰 ¹ ,
岳远征 ¹ ,
王良桂 ¹^,²

作者信息 +

Effects of different rootstocks on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of grafted seedlings of Catalpa bungei

JIA Ruirui ¹ ,
ZHU Yanyan ¹ ,
YANG Xiulian ¹^,^* ,
FU Yu ¹ ,
YUE Yuanzheng ¹ ,
WANG Lianggui ¹^,²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】分析不同梓树(Catalpa ovata)和滇楸(C. fargesii)嫁接苗第1年各生长指标和光合特性的差异,探究不同砧木对楸树(C. bungei)嫁接苗生长的影响,为初步筛选适宜楸树嫁接的砧木以及楸树良种繁育提供参考。【方法】以梓树和滇楸为砧木,以‘南林1号’(‘Nanlin 1’)‘洛楸’(‘Luoqiu’)和‘苏楸1号’(‘Su 1’)为接穗,进行芽接,共6个嫁接组合,测定嫁接后128、141、155、174和189 d的叶绿素含量、净光合速率与叶绿素荧光参数,并统计嫁接6个月后的成活率,测定接穗当年的高生长和径生长量及生长1年后嫁接口上下径粗度比。【结果】 6种砧穗组合中‘南林1号’/滇楸的成活率最高,达76.91%,‘苏楸1号’/滇楸成活率最低,仅有32.05%;‘南林1号’/梓树的接穗高生长和径生长量最大,分别为165.51、2.89 cm,‘苏楸1号’/滇楸的接穗高生长和径生长量最小,分别为83.43、1.63 cm。各嫁接组合嫁接口上下径粗度比均小于1,嫁接生长第1年,均未出现“大小脚”现象,但‘苏楸1号’/滇楸亲和性最差。在整个生长测定期,除以‘苏楸1号’为接穗的嫁接组合外,滇砧嫁接组合的叶绿素含量、净光合速率(P_n)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)及PSⅡ潜在活性(F_v/F_o)总体上均不同程度地大于梓砧嫁接组合。不同嫁接组合和生长时期均对叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量和P_n产生显著影响。嫁接后155 d,各组合差异显著,P_n与叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量均呈显著正相关(P<0.05),‘南林1号’/滇楸、‘洛楸’/滇楸叶绿素含量较高,其能量转换效率高、光合能力强;P_n与F_m(最大荧光)、F_v/F_o呈显著正相关,‘苏楸1号’/滇楸和‘苏楸1号’/梓树组合P_n和F_v/F_o较低,F_o较高,说明其耐强光能力较弱。【结论】初步判断认为‘南林1号’和‘洛楸’以滇楸作砧木时,发展潜力更大,而‘苏楸1号’以梓树作砧木时,综合表现更好。该研究仅分析各砧穗组合嫁接第1年的生长差异,后期生长状况以及是否出现“大小脚”现象还需进一步探究。

Abstract

【Objective】 This study mainly analyzed the differences in the growth indexes and photosynthetic characteristics of different Catalpa ovata and C. fargesii grafted seedlings in the first year, and studied the effect of different rootstocks on the growth of C. bungei grafted seedlings, to provide a basic reference for the preliminary screening of suitable rootstocks for C. bungei grafting and subsequent in-depth research.【Method】C. ovata and C. fargesii were used as rootstocks, and C. bungei ‘Nanlin 1’, C. bungei ‘Luoqiu’and C. bungei ‘Su 1’ were used as scions. There were six grafting combinations in total. The chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured at 128, 141, 155, 174 and 189 d after grafting. After 6 months, the survival rate of each grafting combination was counted. The height and diameter growth of scions in the current year and the ratio of upper to lower diameters of grafting interface after one year were measured.【Result】The survival rate of C. bungei ‘Nanlin 1’/C. fargesii was the highest among the six grafting combinations, reaching 76.91%. The survival rate of C. bungei ‘Su 1’/C. fargesii was the lowest, only 32.05%. The scion height and diameter growth of C. bungei ‘Nanlin 1’/ C. ovata were the largest, 165.51 and 2.89 cm, respectively. The scion height and diameter growth of C. bungei ‘Su 1’/C. fargesii were the smallest, 83.43 and 1.63 cm respectively. The ratio of upper to lower diameter of each grafting combination was less than 1, and there was no phenomenon of ‘big and small feet’ in the first year of grafting growth. However, the compatibility of C. bungei ‘Su 1’/C. fargesii was the worst. In the whole growth period, except for the grafting combination with C. bungei ‘Su 1’ as scion, the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), maximum photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ (F_v/F_m) and potential activity of PS Ⅱ (F_v/F_o) of the grafting combination with C. fargesii as rootstock were generally higher than those with C. ovata as rootstock. Different grafting combinations and growth periods had significant effects on P_n, the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll the content of. 155 days after grafting, significant differences were among the combinations. P_n was significantly positively correlated with content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll (P < 0.05). C. bungei ‘Nanlin 1’ / C. fargesii and C. bungei ‘Luoqiu’ / C. fargesii had a high chlorophyll content, high energy conversion efficiency and strong photosynthetic ability. P_n was significantly positively correlated with F_m (maximum fluorescence) and F_v/F_o. P_n and F_v/F_o of C. bungei ‘Su 1’/C. fargesii and C. bungei ‘Su 1’/C. ovata combinations were lower and F_o (initial fluorescence) was higher, indicating that their ability to withstand strong light was weak. 【Conclusion】 To sum up, the preliminary judgment showed that when C. bungei ‘Nanlin 1’ and C. bungei ‘Luoqiu’ used C. fargesii as rootstock, the development potential was greater. While when C. bungei ‘Su 1’ used C. ovata as rootstock, the comprehensive performance was better. This study only analyzed the growth difference of each rootstock-scion combination in the first year of grafting. The growth condition in the later stage and whether there are ‘big and small feet’ need to be further explored.

导出引用

贾瑞瑞, 祝艳艳, 杨秀莲, 等. 不同砧木对楸树嫁接苗生长及光合特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2023, 47(5): 97-106 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201003

JIA Ruirui, ZHU Yanyan, YANG Xiulian, et al. Effects of different rootstocks on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of grafted seedlings of Catalpa bungei[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2023, 47(5): 97-106 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201003

中图分类号： S688;S718

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https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15070154

摘要

为增加湖北江汉平原用材林树种多样性，缓和该地区用材林种单一问题，以引种栽培的滇楸雄性不育系为材料，连续3年对30个无性系进行胸径和树高性状测定，通过方差分析及遗传参数比较对优良无性系进行早期选择。结果表明：1 年生滇楸无性系平均胸径和树高为2.49 cm 和2.94 m，2 年生为4.29 cm和4.22 m，3 年生达到6.31 cm和6.06 m；方差分析结果显示，不同无性系间胸径和树高的差异均达到极显著水平；3 年生的胸径、树高重复力分别为63.89%和67.48%；不同林龄胸径和树高相关性均达到极显著水平；以胸径和树高为指标，采用加权系数选择指数法对不同无性系进行评价，筛选出4 个优良滇楸无性系，入选率为12.5%。

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Grafting between tuber mustard and red cabbage produced a chimeric shoot apical meristem (SAM) of TTC, consisting of Layers I and II from Tuber mustard and Layer III from red Cabbage. Phenotypic variations, which mainly showed in leaf shape and SAM, were observed in selfed progenies GSn (GS = grafting-selfing, n = generations) of TTC. Here the heritability of phenotypic variation and its association with DNA methylation changes in GSn were investigated. Variation in leaf shape was found to be stably inherited to GS5, but SAM variation reverted over generations. Subsequent measurement of DNA methylation in GS1 revealed 5.29–6.59% methylation changes compared with tuber mustard (TTT), and 31.58% of these changes were stably transmitted to GS5, but the remainder reverted to the original status over generations, suggesting grafting-induced DNA methylation changes could be both heritable and reversible. Sequence analysis of differentially methylated fragments (DMFs) revealed methylation mainly changed within transposons and exon regions, which further affected the expression of genes, including flowering time- and gibberellin response-related genes. Interestingly, DMFs could match differentially expressed siRNA of GS1, GS3 and GS5, indicating that grafting-induced DNA methylation could be directed by siRNA changes. These results suggest grafting-induced DNA methylation may contribute to phenotypic variations induced by grafting.

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https://peerj.com/articles/9316

本文引用 [1] 摘要

Insufficient light intensity inhibits the growth of cultivated herbaceous peony and decreases its economic value. Owing to the increased demand for shade-tolerant herbaceous peony, the selection of appropriate parents for hybridization is essential. Paeonia anomala, Paeonia intermedia and Paeonia veitchii can grow under shade conditions in their natural habitats; however, their photosynthetic capacities under shade have not been studied. In this study, we simulated low light intensity (30% sunlight) and evaluated the morphological, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of these three species. Moreover, the shade tolerance of these species as well as two common cultivars (Paeonia lactiflora ‘Da Fugui’, which is suitable for solar greenhouse cultivation, and P. lactiflora ‘Qiao Ling’, which is not suitable for solar greenhouse cultivation) was evaluated. The results showed that under shade, the leaf area of P. anomala and P. intermedia increased, the single flowering period of P. intermedia and P. veitchii was prolonged, and the flower color of P. veitchii faded. With respect to P. anomala, P. intermedia and P. veitchii, shade eliminated the photosynthetic ‘lunch break’ phenomenon and decreased photoinhibition at midday. Furthermore, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and maximum primary photochemical yield (Fv/Fo) of photosystem II (PSII) in the three species improved significantly, and their changes in light dissipation were different. The shade tolerance of the tested accessions was in the order P. veitchii > P. intermedia > P. anomala > ‘Da Fugui’ > ‘Qiao Ling’, showing that the three wild species were better adapted to low light intensity than the cultivars. Thus, P. anomala, P. intermedia and P. veitchii could potentially be used in the development of shade-tolerant herbaceous peony cultivars.