【目的】 对桂花(Osmanthus fragrans)树上常见的粉虱种类进行鉴定,描述常见种类的形态特征,为桂花树上粉虱的精准防控提供依据。【方法】 在不同的地域采集桂花树上的粉虱标本,挑取形态结构完整的粉虱4龄若虫(伪蛹,分类学上又称为“蛹壳”)为研究对象,利用超景深显微镜观察、拍摄,测定其在寄主植物上的颜色、形状、大小及聚集状态等;利用扫描电子显微镜记录缘齿、气门、尾沟、皿状孔、盖片、舌状突以及瘤突、孔、刚毛等局部超微特征,对粉虱伪蛹的形态特征进行详细描述,鉴定其属名、种名。【结果】 鉴定出桂花树上常见的粉虱3属5种,提供了每个种的生态图、玻片图、电镜图及线条图,并对其伪蛹的形态特征、寄主范围、地理分布等进行了详细描述。其中棒粉虱属(Aleuroclava)2种,包括珊瑚棒粉虱(A. aucubae)和番石榴棒粉虱(A. psidii)。珊瑚棒粉虱伪蛹黑色,略呈六角形,表面覆一层蜡质分泌物,头胸部具有“Y”状突起;番石榴棒粉虱伪蛹苍白色,亚卵形,个体小,头胸部有4对瘤状突起,第I腹节两侧有1对小瘤突;三叶粉虱属(Aleurolobus)1种为桂花三叶粉虱(A. osmanthi),伪蛹黑色,亚圆形,腹节明显,且每节前缘部分存在着1对小凹陷;裸粉虱属(Dialeurodes)2种,包括橘绿粉虱(D. citri)和桂花裸粉虱(D. ouchii)。橘绿粉虱伪蛹淡黄色,气门孔在边缘内,两侧缘有爪状突起,几乎合拢,皿状孔近圆形;桂花裸粉虱伪蛹浅黄色,蛹壳上分布有8块面积不同的黑斑,对称分布。结合本研究结果及相关文献报道,编制了桂花树上11种粉虱的双项式分类检索表。【结论】 描述桂花树上5种粉虱的详细的形态特征,并编制桂花树上常见11个粉虱种类检索表。同时发现,这5种粉虱的地理分布在一定程度上有扩展趋势,其中橘绿粉虱和桂花三叶粉虱是桂花树上危害严重的2个种,应警惕这些粉虱对桂花树的危害和潜在威胁。

【Objective】The common whitefly (Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae) species on Osmanthus fragrans were identified, and their morphological characteristics were described in order to provide the scientific basis for prevention and effective control of whiteflies on O. fragrans. 【Method】Whitefly specimens were collected from O. fragrans in different regions of China, and the fourth instar nymphs (pseudopupa, pupal case in taxonomy) of each whitefly species were used for morphological observations. The color, shape, size and aggregation state of whiteflies on host plants were observed, photographed, and measured under an ultra-depth microscope, whilst the ultrastructural characteristics of margin, tracheal pore, caudal, vasiform orifice, operculum, lingual, tubercles, pores and setae were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the genus and species were described and identified based on the morphological characteristics of pupal cases of whiteflies. 【Result】Five whitefly species in three genera on O. fragrans were identified. Ecological photographs, slide photographs, SEM photos and line-illustrated morphology of each species are provided with detailed descriptions of morphological characteristics, host plants and geographical distribution of each species. Two species belonging to Aleuroclava were described, i.e., A. aucubae and A. psidii. The pupal case of A. aucubae is black and slightly hexagonal, the surface is covered with waxy secretion, and there is a “Y” tubercle on cephalothorax. The pupal case of A. psidii is pale, subovate and small in size, with four pairs of tubercles on the cephalothorax and one pair of small tubercles on the laterad of the first abdominal segment. The Aleurolobus osmanthi had a black pupal case, subrounded in shape, distinct abdominal segments, and a pair of small depressions on the anterior of each segment. Two species belong to Dialeurodes, i.e., D. citri and D. ouchii, were identified. The pupal case of D. citri is pale yellow, the thoracic pore is inside the margin, with claw-like protuberants on both sides, and the almost closed, vasiform orifice is nearly round. The D. ouchii is light yellow in color, and there are eight black spots with different sizes on the pupal case, which are symmetrically distributed. Based on the results of this study and literature reports, an identification key of 11 species of whiteflies on O. fragrans is provided. 【Conclusion】Detailed morphological characteristics of five whitefly species are described on O. fragrans, and an identification key of 11 common whitefly species is provided. The geographical distributions of five common whitefly species on O. fragrans have been expanding, among which D. citri and A. osmanthi are two seriously damaging whitefly species, so we should be alert to the harm and potential threat of whiteflies to O. fragrans.