南京林业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 1-8.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202203028

• 专题报道Ⅰ: 山水林田湖草沙一体化保护———湿地生态研究专题(执行主编 张金池 薛建辉) • 上一篇    下一篇

基于CMIP 6多模式的长江流域气温、降水与径流预估

何旭1(), 缪子梅1,*(), 田佳西2, 杨柳1, 张增信1, 朱斌1   

  1. 1.南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏省水土保持与生态修复重点实验室,南京林业大学林草学院、水土保持学院,江苏 南京 210037
    2.南京林业大学生态与环境学院,江苏 南京 210037
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-12 修回日期:2022-05-07 出版日期:2024-03-30 发布日期:2024-04-08
  • 通讯作者: *缪子梅(miaozimei@njfu.edu.cn),研究员。
  • 作者简介:

    何旭(hexu9720@163.com)。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41971025)

Temperature, precipitation and runoff prediction in the Yangtze River basin based on CMIP 6 multi-model

HE Xu1(), MIAO Zimei1,*(), TIAN Jiaxi2, YANG Liu1, ZHANG Zengxin1, ZHU Bin1   

  1. 1. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, College of Ecology and Grassland, College of Soil and Water Conservation,Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    2. College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
  • Received:2022-03-12 Revised:2022-05-07 Online:2024-03-30 Published:2024-04-08

摘要:

【目的】 探究未来气候变化对长江流域径流的影响,为长江流域及其他地区的早期洪水预警和防御措施提供依据。【方法】 采用国际耦合模式比较计划第6阶段(CMIP 6)多模式集合平均(MME),结合SWAT水文模型,对长江流域1961—2014年气温、降水量和径流等进行评估,并预估了长江流域2020—2099年SSP1-1.9、SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5、SSP3-7.0、SSP5-8.5排放情景下的气温、降水量和径流。【结果】 ①相比单一模式,MME历史时期模拟气温和降水效果更好,与观测值的相关系数均大于0.90,MME可以很好地模拟出气温和降水量的空间分布规律。②由MME分析可知,2020—2099年长江流域在所有情景下的气温增幅低于50%,降水增量小于20%,在SSP5-8.5情景下模拟的温度值比SSP1-1.9时的温度值高1.23 ℃,比SSP1-2.6时的温度值高0.99 ℃。③总体上,长江流域未来的年均径流量增加显著,到21世纪末,SSP5-5.8情景下年均径流量将达到40 380 m3/s。【结论】 本研究揭示了长江流域径流变化趋势与气温与降水之间的相互关系,以及模拟未来气候变化的准确度,同时认为未来长江流域气温、降水量与径流量均呈上升趋势,低碳排放情景下的洪涝灾害相对较少,可为以后长江流域洪涝灾害的预估和区域性气候变化提供依据。

关键词: 长江流域, 气候变化, 国际耦合模式比较计划第6阶段(CMIP 6), 集合预估, 径流模拟

Abstract:

【Objective】 This research aims to explore the impact of future climate change on predicted runoff trends in the Yangtze River basin and provide a basis for early flood warning and prevention measures in the Yangtze River basin and other regions. 【Method】 Temperature, precipitation and runoff in the Yangtze River basin from 1961 to 2014 were evaluated by using the multi-mode set average (MME) of the international coupled model intercomparison project phase 6 (CMIP 6) and the SWAT hydrological model and predicted under SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5 emission scenarios from 2020 to 2099.【Result】 (1) Compared with the single model, MME showed better performance in simulating temperature and precipitation during historical periods, with a correlation coefficient with the observation value was >0.90. Further, MME simulated the spatial distribution of temperature and precipitation well. (2) The MME analysis showed that during 2020 and 2099, temperature and precipitation increases in the Yangtze River basin under all scenarios were <50% and <20%, respectively. Simulated temperature under the SSP5-8.5 scenario was 1.23 ℃ higher than that under the SSP1-1.9 scenario, and 0.99 ℃ higher than that under the SSP1-2.6 scenario. (3) Overall, future annual runoff of the entire Yangtze River basin increased significantly and reached 40 380 m3/s under the SSP5-5.8 scenario at the end of the 21st century.【Conclusion】 Temperature, precipitation and runoff in the Yangtze River basin are predicted to increase in the future, whereas flood disasters under low emission scenarios are relatively less likely.

Key words: Yangtze River basin, climate change, coupled model intercomparison project phase 6(CMIP 6), ensemble estimation, runoff simulation

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