长期结实和不结实红松针叶光合生理参数的差异

林强; 陆天宇; 沈海龙; 王元兴; 张鹏

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202203032

林强, 陆天宇, 沈海龙, 王元兴, 张鹏

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3) : 137-146.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3) : 137-146. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202203032

研究论文

长期结实和不结实红松针叶光合生理参数的差异

林强 ¹ ,
陆天宇 ¹^,² ,
沈海龙 ¹^,^* ,
王元兴 ³ ,
张鹏 ¹

作者信息 +

Analysis of needle photosynthetic index characteristics for long period seed setting and non-setting trees of Pinus koraiensis

LIN Qiang ¹ ,
LU Tianyu ¹^,² ,
SHEN Hailong ¹^,^* ,
WANG Yuanxing ³ ,
ZHANG Peng ¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】选择营养生长基本一致而结实状况差异很大的红松(Pinus koraiensis)个体,分析其光合生理指标差异情况,为红松果材兼用培育提供科学依据。【方法】以吉林省露水河林业局种子园内30年生红松为研究对象,通过对不同结实特性及环境差异下红松个体光合指标进行连续观测,分析其生长季内叶绿素含量、比叶面积(SLA)、光响应参数、非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量等指标的变化情况。【结果】①不同结实状况红松叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b(Chl b)、类胡萝卜素(Car)和总叶绿素(Chl T)含量存在显著差异。在生长季期间,不结实红松中的Chl a、Chl b、Car和Chl T含量显著高于结实红松,而叶绿素a与b质量比(Chl a/b)相反,除7月外SLA均表现为结实红松>不结实红松。两种结实特性红松各指标在不同月份之间差异显著。两种结实特性红松叶绿素含量和比叶面积变化趋势一致,Chl a、Chl b、Car和Chl T含量呈下降趋势,而SLA则上升,Chl a/b先下降后上升;②两种结实特性的红松只有光饱和点(LSP)存在显著差异,表观量子效率(AQY)、光补偿点(LCP)、最大净光合速率(P_n,max)、暗呼吸速率(R_d)等均不显著。在整个生长季,除LCP外,两种结实特性红松各指标变化趋势基本一致,AQY和R_d表现为上升趋势,P_n,max、LCP、LSP则表现为下降趋势。除5月外,其他月份两种结实特性红松针叶AQY均为结实红松<不结实红松,R_d则相反,P_n,max和LSP表现为结实红松>不结实红松,LCP在5、7月份中为结实红松<不结实红松,6、8月份为结实红松>不结实红松,9月份趋于持平。同时,LCP和LSP随冠层升高而逐渐增大,且各指标在月份之间差异显著;③两种结实特性的红松个体针叶中可溶性糖、淀粉和NSC含量之间差异不显著,在生长季均表现为下降趋势且月份之间差异显著,可溶性糖和淀粉含量在不同生境下差异显著,针叶可溶性糖和NSC含量除4、8月外,均表现为结实红松>不结实红松,淀粉含量除6月外均表现为结实红松<不结实红松。【结论】吉林省红松林区的结实红松具有更高的光合潜力和物质消耗能力,因此在光照条件下会同化更多的碳,并提高了能量转换效率,以便在生长季存储更多的淀粉和NSC为果实发育提供营养支撑。

Abstract

【Objective】Photosynthetic products form the basis for forest growth and fruit development. This study analyzed the differences in photosynthetic physiological indexes of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) individuals that were largely similar in terms of their vegetative growth patterns, but significantly different with regards to seed setting. This study was conducted to provide a scientific basis for the optimum cultivation of the fruit and wood of P. koraiensis. 【Method】Thirty-year-old Pinus koraiensis in the seed orchard of the Lushuihe Forestry Bureau was selected as the research site, and the dynamic changes in chlorophyll, specific leaf area (SLA), light response parameters, and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) during the growing season were assessed. 【Result】(1) There were significant differences in chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), chlorophyll carotenoids, and total chlorophyll (Chl T) under different seed setting conditions. Specifically, Chl a, Chl b, Car and Chl T of non-fruiting P. koraiensis were significantly higher than those of fruiting Pinus koraiensis during the growing season, but chlorophyll a/b (Chl a/b) showed the opposite trend. However, the indices of the two seed-setting properties of P. koraiensis showed significant differences across different months. Chl a, Chl b, Car and Chl T decreased, SLA increased, and Chl a/b decreased at first and then increased. (2) The light saturation point (LSP) was significantly different between the two seed-setting properties of P. koraiensis; apparent quantum efficiency (AQY), light compensation point (LCP), maximum net photosynthetic rate (P_n,max) and dark respiration rate (R_d) were not significantly different. Except for the LCP, AQY and R_d of the two seed-setting properties of P. koraiensis showed an increased during the entire growing season. On the other hand, P_n,max, LCP, and LSP decreased. Two types of seed-setting characteristics of P. koraiensis needles were noted. Specifically, AQY showed less seed-setting than non-seed-setting in all months except May, but R_d, P_n,max and LSP showed the opposite trend. In addition, LCP in May and July is less seed-setting than non-seed-setting, and in June and August is more seed-setting than non-seed-setting. At the same time, LCP and LSP increased gradually with an increase in canopy, and the difference in each index month was significant. (3) There was no significant difference between soluble sugar, starch and NSC in the needles of the two seed-setting P. koraiensis individuals. However, the concentrations of soluble sugars and NSC in conifers were higher than those in non-conifers, except in April and August. In addition, the starch concentration was stable except for in June. 【Conclusion】P. koraiensis has higher photosynthetic potential and material consumption capacity, so it assimilates more carbon under light conditions and improves energy conversion efficiency; this results in it storing more starch and NSC during the growing season, providing nutritional support for fruit development.

导出引用

林强, 陆天宇, 沈海龙, 等. 长期结实和不结实红松针叶光合生理参数的差异[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2023, 47(3): 137-146 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202203032

LIN Qiang, LU Tianyu, SHEN Hailong, et al. Analysis of needle photosynthetic index characteristics for long period seed setting and non-setting trees of Pinus koraiensis[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2023, 47(3): 137-146 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202203032

中图分类号： S791.247

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