复合增氧剂对建兰水培苗生长及生理特性的影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202204019

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 115-123.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202204019

复合增氧剂对建兰水培苗生长及生理特性的影响

宋雨蒙(), 李素艳(), 孙向阳

北京林业大学林学院,森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京 10083

收稿日期:2022-04-10 修回日期:2022-05-31 出版日期:2024-01-30 发布日期:2024-01-24
通讯作者: 李素艳
基金资助:
科技基础资源调查专项(2021FY100802)

Effects of polyacrylamide and urea peroxide compound oxygenator on the growth and physiological characteristics of hydroponic seedlings of Cymbidium ensifolium

SONG Yumeng(), LI Suyan(), SUN Xiangyang

Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2022-04-10 Revised:2022-05-31 Online:2024-01-30 Published:2024-01-24
Contact: LI Suyan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究用聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)和过氧化尿素制备复合增氧剂对建兰(Cymbidium ensifolium)水培苗生长及生理特性的影响。【方法】以直生半年建兰幼苗为试材,设5个处理,分别为CK(不加PAM和过氧化尿素,对照)、T1[不加PAM,10%(质量分数,下同)过氧化尿素]、T2(0.05%PAM,10%过氧化尿素)、T3(0.10%PAM,10%过氧化尿素)、T4(0.20%PAM,10%过氧化尿素),分析其不同时期氧气释放特性及对建兰水培苗生长、光合色素、可溶性蛋白含量、根系活力和抗氧化酶活性的影响。【结果】用PAM和过氧化尿素制备复合增氧剂,在一定时间内水体溶氧量显著增高,缓释效应增强;施用复合增氧剂处理的建兰水培苗根系鲜质量、干质量增大,叶长、叶宽和根长增加,根系活力、叶片光合色素、可溶性蛋白含量和过氧化物酶(POD)活性升高,有利于建兰的生长;在PAM含量较高时(≥0.10%),建兰水培苗成活天数显著增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著提高;PAM添加量为0.10%时,建兰水培苗叶片净光合速率和根系通气组织数量最大。【结论】施用PAM和过氧化尿素制备的复合增氧剂可以提高水体溶氧量,PAM含量为0.10%时复合增氧剂能显著提高建兰水培苗的光合性能和根系活性,缓解缺氧胁迫对建兰造成的伤害,改善植株的生理特性。

关键词: 聚丙烯酰胺, 过氧化尿素, 复合增氧剂, 水培, 建兰, 缺氧胁迫

Abstract:

【Objective】The purpose is to study the effects of compound oxygenating agent prepared with polyacrylamide (PAM) and urea peroxide on the growth and physiological characteristics of hydroponic Cymbidium ensifolium seedlings. 【Method】The seedlings of C. ensifolium were used as test materials; five treatments were set: CK (without PAM and urea peroxide, control), T1 [without PAM, 10% (mass fraction) urea peroxide], T2 [0.05%PAM, 10% urea peroxide], T3 (0.10%PAM, 10% urea peroxide) and T4 (0.20%PAM, 10% urea peroxide), to analyze the oxygen release characteristics of different oxygen release agents in water and their effects on growth, photosynthetic pigment, soluble protein content, root activity and antioxidant enzyme activity of hydroponic C. ensifolium seedlings in different periods. 【Result】The application of compound oxygenator prepared by PAM and urea peroxide can significantly increase dissolved oxygen in water in a certain period of time and enhance the slow-release effect. The root fresh weight and dry weight, leaf length, leaf width and root length were increased, root activity, photosynthetic pigment content, soluble protein content and POD enzyme activity were increased, which was beneficial to the growth of C. ensifolium seedlings treated with compound oxygenator. The survival days and SOD activity of the hydroponic C. ensifolium seedlings were significantly increased, under application of compound oxygenator treatments than the control when PAM content was higher (≥0.1%). The net photosynthetic rate of leaves and aerenchyma number of roots of hydroponic C. ensifolium seedlings were the highest when PAM supplemental level was 0.10%. 【Conclusion】That application of compound oxygenator prepared by PAM and urea peroxide can alleviate the damage to plants and improve the photosynthetic capacity and root activity of hydroponic C. ensifolium seedlings when PAM content is 0.10% by increasing dissolved oxygen concentration in water.

Key words: polyacrylamide (PAM), urea peroxide, compound oxygenator, hydroponics, Cymbidium ensifolium, hypoxia stress

中图分类号:

S682.31

宋雨蒙,李素艳,孙向阳. 复合增氧剂对建兰水培苗生长及生理特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 115-123.

SONG Yumeng, LI Suyan, SUN Xiangyang. Effects of polyacrylamide and urea peroxide compound oxygenator on the growth and physiological characteristics of hydroponic seedlings of Cymbidium ensifolium[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(1): 115-123.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202204019.

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肥料 fertilizer	用量/ (mg·L^-1) dose	有效养分含量 content of available nutrients
硝酸钾(KNO₃)	607	含N 84.130 2 mg(13.86%),含K₂O 282.437 1 mg(46.53%)
磷酸二氢铵 (NH₄H₂PO₄)	115	含N 13.995 5 mg(12.17%),含P₂O₅ 71.001 mg(61.74%)
硫酸镁(MgSO₄)	493
四水硝酸钙〔Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O〕	945	含N 56.038 5 mg(5.93%)
总用量 total amount	2 160	总N 154.164 2 mg,总P₂O₅ 71.001 mg,总K₂O 282.437 1 mg; m(N)∶m(P₂O₅)∶m(K₂O) = 2.17∶1∶3.98

处理 treatment	根系干质量/g dry root mass	根系鲜质量/g root fresh mass	根系长度/cm root length	叶长/cm leaf length	叶宽/cm leaf width	成活时间/d survival days
CK	0.10±0.02 a	2.58±0.31 a	11.20±4.00 a	16.32±0.39 a	0.80±0.06 a	14±1.53 a
T1	0.10±0.02 a	2.71±0.49 ab	12.27±2.26 a	16.80±0.53 a	0.83±0.02 a	14±0.58 a
T2	0.12±0.08 a	2.92±0.16 ab	13.88±4.39 a	16.86±0.21 a	0.83±0.08 a	15±1.59 a
T3	0.13±0.06 a	3.36±0.12 ab	15.95±4.72 a	17.81±0.34 ab	0.92±0.11 ab	18±4.24 b
T4	0.14±0.02 a	3.56±0.67 b	15.85±3.66 a	18.01±0.40 b	0.97±0.03 b	18±2.00 b

处理 treatment	P_n/ (μmol· m^-2·s^-1)	C_i/ (μmol· mol^-1)	G_s/ (mol· m^-2·s^-1)	T_r/ (mmol· m^-2·s^-1)
CK	0.72 ± 0.04 d	209.73 ± 7.27 a	0.09 ± 0.01 a	1.42 ± 0.09 a
T1	0.93 ± 0.05 c	182.91 ± 5.82 b	0.07 ± 0.01 b	1.21 ± 0.13 a
T2	1.22 ± 0.09 b	158.65 ± 12.38 c	0.04 ± 0.01 c	0.78 ± 0.05 b
T3	1.33 ± 0.05 a	141.51 ± 7.07 c	0.02 ± 0.00 d	0.36 ± 0.26 c
T4	1.19 ± 0.02 b	160.54 ± 20.36 c	0.04 ± 0.01 c	0.69 ± 0.22 b

复合增氧剂对建兰水培苗生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of polyacrylamide and urea peroxide compound oxygenator on the growth and physiological characteristics of hydroponic seedlings of Cymbidium ensifolium

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[1]	张焕玲. 金叶复叶槭水培嫩枝组织培养体系研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(5): 89-94.
[2]	火艳, 张慧会, 祝遵凌. 欧洲鹅耳枥水培营养液适用效果比较研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(2): 17-24.
[3]	李文建,沈永宝,史锋厚,贾文庆. 建兰花色形成的成分检测[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 43(04): 57-62.
[4]	许业洲,杜超群,许秀环,杨代贵,涂俊杰. 湿地松针叶束水培无性系生长特性遗传分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2013, 37(05): 25-30.
[5]	张鸽香，周丽琴. 水杨酸对水培风信子生长及开花的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2013, 37(05): 20-24.
[6]	张军华1,2,勇强1,余世袁1*. 凝胶过滤层析在低聚木糖分离中的应用[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2006, 30(01): 21-24.