上海市行道树土壤肥力特征及其空间分布

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202206018

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 164-172.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202206018

上海市行道树土壤肥力特征及其空间分布

贺坤¹(), 王俊洁¹, 王本耀²^,^*(), 朱海军³, 奉树成²

1.上海应用技术大学生态技术与工程学院,上海 201418
2.上海市绿化管理指导站,上海 201020
3.江苏省农业科学研究院,江苏南京 210014

收稿日期:2022-06-13 修回日期:2022-07-19 出版日期:2023-05-30 发布日期:2023-05-25
通讯作者: 王本耀
基金资助:
上海市科技创新行动计划(19DZ1203701);上海应用技术大学协同创新基金项目(XTCX2022-06)

Soil fertility spatial distribution and characteristics of roadside trees in Shanghai

HE Kun¹(), WANG Junjie¹, WANG Benyao²^,^*(), ZHU Haijun³, FENG Shucheng²

1. The Ecological Technology and Engineering School of Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China
2. The Shanghai Administrative & Directive Station for Afforestation, Shanghai 201020, China
3. Jiangsu Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China

Received:2022-06-13 Revised:2022-07-19 Online:2023-05-30 Published:2023-05-25
Contact: WANG Benyao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】科学管理城市行道树健康和促进行道树精确施肥,提升城市不同区域的行道树土壤质量,保证城市绿地生态系统可持续发展。【方法】以上海市16个行政区136条道路的行道树土壤为对象,测定土壤容重、pH以及主要养分含量等指标,结合单因子分析、综合评价法和GIS空间分布研究等方法对行道树土壤肥力特征进行综合评价。【结果】上海市行道树土壤多为粉砂壤土,土壤平均容重大且pH普遍较高。除速效钾外,土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷等主要养分含量偏低且空间分布差异较大,行道树土壤有效钙含量普遍远高于上海市绿化种植标准最高水平。研究区行道树土壤综合肥力指数较低,空间分布整体表现出中间低、周边高的趋势。土壤肥力指数与土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和有效硫含量呈极显著正相关,与pH和有效钙含量呈极显著负相关。【结论】上海市行道树土壤综合肥力普遍较低,各区域土壤肥力差异显著且关联不明显,土壤肥力分布的随机性较强。行道树土壤管理和改良需要结合空间分布特征,因地制宜地采取降低土壤pH、增加有机质等措施提高城市行道树土壤肥力。

关键词: 行道树, 土壤养分, 理化性质, 肥力指标, 上海市

Abstract:

【Objective】The main objective of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the soil fertility characteristics and spatial distribution of street trees in Shanghai City, to promote their effective management by improving health and soil quality, optimizing fertilization, and ensuring the sustainable development of green infrastructure.【Method】We collected tree soil samples from 136 roads across 16 administrative districts in Shanghai, China and measured soil fertility indices, such as soil bulk density, pH and main nutrient contents. Combining single factor analysis and GIS spatial distribution, we evaluated the soil fertility characteristics of street trees in Shanghai. 【Result】The results showed that street tree soil in Shanghai was predominantly silt loam, highly alkaline, and had a high average soil bulk density. Except for available potassium, main nutrient indices contents such as organic matter, total and available nitrogen, and available phosphorus were low, and soil nutrient spatial distributions varied greatly. Available calcium content in street tree soil was much higher than that of the highest planting requirements in Shanghai overall; however, it was considered to be low level based on the integrated fertility index (IFI) of street tree soils, which showed a general trend of being low in the middle and high in the periphery. The IFI showed a significant positive correlation with organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available sulfur, whereas it had significantly negative correlation with pH and available calcium. 【Conclusion】The IFI of street trees in Shanghai was generally low, and soil fertility differed significantly between administrative regions; however, no clear correlation was found. The street tree soil management and improvement should consider spatial distribution characteristics and practical measures such as reducing soil pH and increasing soil organic matter according to local conditions to improve street tree soil fertility.

Key words: street tree, soil nutrient, physical and chemical properties, integrated fertility index, Shanghai municipality

中图分类号:

S731.8

贺坤,王俊洁,王本耀,等. 上海市行道树土壤肥力特征及其空间分布[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(3): 164-172.

HE Kun, WANG Junjie, WANG Benyao, ZHU Haijun, FENG Shucheng. Soil fertility spatial distribution and characteristics of roadside trees in Shanghai[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 47(3): 164-172.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202206018.

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分级 classification	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1) OM content	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1) TN content	碱解氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1) AN content	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1) AP content	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1) AK content	有效钙含量/ (mg·kg^-1) ACa content	有效镁含量/ (mg·kg^-1) AMg content	有效硫含量/ (mg·kg^-1) AS content
6	<6	<0.50	<30	<3	<30
5	≥6~10	≥0.50~0.75	≥30~60	≥3~5	≥30~50	<200	<50	<10
4	≥10~20	≥0.75~1.00	≥60~90	≥5~10	≥50~100	≥200~400	≥50~100	≥10~15
3	≥20~30	≥1.00~1.50	≥90~120	≥10~20	≥100~150	≥400~1 200	≥100~200	≥15~30
2	≥30~40	≥1.50~2.00	≥120~150	≥20~40	≥150~200	≥1 200~2 500	≥200~300	≥30~50
1	>40	>2.00	>150	>40	>200	>2 500	>300	>50

指标 parameter	平均值 mean	标准误 SE	变幅 range	变异系数/% CV
黏粒/% clay	3.65	0.09	0.91~6.44	29.59
粉粒/% silt	85.49	0.53	61.12~96.58	7.24
砂粒/% sand	10.84	0.59	0~37.91	63.56
土壤容重/(g·cm^-3) soil BD	1.38	0.01	0.96~1.71	10.87
总孔隙度/% total porosity	47.92	0.49	35.42~63.86	11.94
通气孔隙度/% aeration porosity	24.53	0.80	3.61~49.18	38.20
pH	8.43	0.02	5.79~8.91	3.20
电导率/(μS ·cm^-1) EC	198.99	8.82	102.40~971.00	51.70
有机质含量/(g·kg^-1) OM content	15.92	0.43	7.72~32.30	31.15
全氮含量/(g·kg^-1) TN content	0.86	0.02	0.44~2.07	28.74
碱解氮含量/(mg·kg^-1) AN content	56.10	1.73	22.93~147.60	36.02
有效磷含量/(mg·kg^-1) AP content	13.01	1.15	0.51~61.93	103.38
速效钾含量/(mg·kg^-1) AK content	187.93	7.69	81.26~662.68	47.76
有效钙含量/(mg·kg^-1) ACa content	3 851.50	32.59	2 173.17~4 991.47	9.87
有效镁含量/(mg·kg^-1) AMg content	129.40	1.71	87.74~197.27	15.42
有效硫含量/(mg·kg^-1) AS content	20.90	1.45	2.64~129.26	80.71

指标 parameter	IFI	BD	pH	OM	TN	AN	AP	AK	ACa	AMg
IFI	1
BD	-0.138	1
pH	-0.551^***	-0.020	1
OM	0.674^***	-0.247^**	-0.431^***	1
TN	0.669^***	-0.195^*	-0.558^***	0.792^***	1
AN	0.632^***	-0.157	-0.520^***	0.696^***	0.754^***	1
AP	0.609^***	-0.113	-0.462^***	0.383^***	0.356^***	0.400^***	1
AK	0.186^*	-0.136	-0.046	0.167	0.140	0.159	0.233^**	1
ACa	-0.196^*	-0.231^**	0.482^***	0.092	-0.012	-0.102	-0.167	0.176^*	1
AMg	0.002	0.071	0.050	-0.181^*	-0.044	-0.013	-0.051	-0.013	-0.021	1
AS	0.310^***	-0.116	-0.252^**	0.159	0.085	0.137	0.271^**	0.053	-0.157	-0.058

上海市行道树土壤肥力特征及其空间分布

Soil fertility spatial distribution and characteristics of roadside trees in Shanghai

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