薄壳山核桃-茶间作对‘安吉白茶’速生期光合特性的影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208022

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 86-96.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208022

薄壳山核桃-茶间作对‘安吉白茶’速生期光合特性的影响

田梦阳¹^,³(), 朱树林², 窦全琴¹^,^*(), 季艳红³

1.江苏省林业科学研究院,江苏南京 210014
2.句容市磨盘山林场,江苏句容 212445
3.南京林业大学生命科学学院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2022-08-09 修回日期:2022-11-07 出版日期:2024-03-30 发布日期:2024-04-08
通讯作者: *窦全琴(douqq2008@163.com),研究员。
作者简介:田梦阳(13803819054@163.com)。
基金资助:
江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)项目(BE2019397)

The effects of intercropping of Carya illinoinensis and Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’ on photosynthetic characteristics of C. sinensis tree during rapid growth period

TIAN Mengyang¹^,³(), ZHU Shulin², DOU Quanqin¹^,^*(), JI Yanhong³

1. Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210014, China
2. Mopanshan Forest Farm, Jurong 212445,China
3. College of Life Science, Nanjing Forestry in University,Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2022-08-09 Revised:2022-11-07 Online:2024-03-30 Published:2024-04-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探讨薄壳山核桃(Carya illinoinensis)-‘安吉白茶’(Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’)(安吉白茶)间作下安吉白茶速生期光合和荧光特性差异, 为构建薄壳山核桃-安吉白茶高效复合栽培体系提供理论依据。【方法】在薄壳山核桃与安吉白茶复合栽培下分别以冠下(T1)、冠缘(T2)、冠外(T3)和单作安吉白茶(T0)为对照等4个测定点,测定10年生安吉白茶速生期(7—9月)光合日变化、光响应曲线、荧光参数和叶绿素含量等光合生理指标变化情况。【结果】 T2处理可显著提高安吉白茶的净光合速率(P_n),7月高温下T1、T2、T3测定点P_n均显著高于T0,8月T0处理存在光合午休现象,T2处理的P_n显著高于T0的,9月3个处理的P_n值均显著高于对照单作的;T2具有较高的表观量子效率(η_AQY)、最大净光合速率( P_n,max)、光饱和点( P_LSP) 以及较低水平的光补偿点(P_LCP);暗呼吸速率(R_d) 随着光照强度的降低呈逐渐下降的趋势;7—9月茶树叶绿素含量以间作显著高于单作,随着光照强度的降低,叶绿素a(Chla)、叶绿素b(Chlb)含量和叶绿素总含量(ChlT)逐渐增加,叶绿素a与叶绿素b质量比(Chla/b)值呈下降趋势。遮阴产生较多叶绿素利于茶树捕获更多的光能进行光合作用;7、8月间作下茶树PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)与PSⅡ潜在的光化学活性(F_v/F₀)均显著高于单作,高温与高光强对单作安吉白茶产生了明显的光抑制,光能转换效率与电子传递能力下降;9月间作下冠缘茶树F_v/F_m、F_v/F₀显著高于冠下和单作,遮阴过度抑制茶树PSⅡ的光化学活性,影响其光合作用中的能量传递与转化。【结论】薄壳山核桃林下安吉白茶的多项光合生理指标得以提高,其中冠缘下有利于安吉白茶叶片光合同化作用,冠外次之,冠下和单作较差;高温与高强光对单作安吉白茶产生了明显的光抑制,降低了茶树光合效率。

关键词: 薄壳山核桃, ‘安吉白茶’, 间作, 光合特征参数, 叶绿素荧光

Abstract:

【Objective】 This article explores the differences in photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’ at different measuring points of Carya illinoinensis-Camellia sinensis intercropping to provide a theoretical basis for high-efficiency compound cultivation of Carya illinoinensis-Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’.【Method】 In this compound model, the daily change in photosynthetic rate, light-response curves, fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content of 10-year-old Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’ trees were measured in the fast-growing period (July-September) at four measuring points, i.e., under-crown (T1), crown-margin (T2), outside-crown (T3), and single Camellia sinensis comparison (T0).【Result】 The net photosynthetic rate(P_n) of Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’ could be significantly altered in T2. The P_n values at T1, T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those at T0 in July under high temperatures. The leaves had a midday depression of photosynthesis at T0 in August, and the P_n at T2 was significantly higher than that at T0. The P_n at different measuring points (T1, T2 and T3) were significantly higher than those of T0 in September. Compared with the control (T0), the higher apparent quantum efficiency (η_AQY), maximum net photosynthetic rate ( $P n, m a x$ ), and light saturation point (P_LSP) were high, and the light compensation point (P_LCP) was low at T2. The dark respiration rate (R_d) gradually decreased with decreasing light intensity. From July to September, the chlorophyll content of Camellia sinensis leaves was significantly higher in intercropping than in single Camellia sinensis cropping. With the decrease in light intensity, chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb), and total chlorophyll (Chl) gradually increased, and the chlorophyll a/b value showed a decreasing trend. Camellia sinensis leaves produce more chlorophyll, which helps Camellia sinensis trees capture more light energy for photosynthesis. The maximum photochemical efficiency (F_V/F_m) and potential photochemical activity (F_V/F₀) of PSⅡ of Camellia sinensis trees in intercropping were significantly higher than those of single Camellia sinensis cropping in July and August. The light energy conversion efficiency and electron transfer ability of Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’ leaves in single cropping decreased because high temperature and high-intensity light could produce obvious photoinhibition. In September, the F_V/F_m and F_V/F₀ of Camellia sinensis trees at T2 during intercropping were significantly higher than those of T1 and T0. The results showed that excessive shading inhibited the photochemical activity of PSⅡ, which blocked energy transfer and transformation in photosynthesis. 【Conclusion】 In the Carya illinoinensis-Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’ forest compound model, many photosynthetic physiological indexes of Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’ were improved, among which the crown-margin (T2) environment was favorable for the photosynthesis of Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’ leaves, followed by the outside-crown (T3), and the under-crown (T1) and monoculture (T0) were poor. High temperature and high-intensity light have obvious photoinhibition in single-cropped Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’, which reduced photosynthetic efficiency.

Key words: Carya illinoinensis, Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’, intercropping, photosynthetic characteristic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence

中图分类号:

S718

田梦阳,朱树林,窦全琴,等. 薄壳山核桃-茶间作对‘安吉白茶’速生期光合特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(2): 86-96.

TIAN Mengyang, ZHU Shulin, DOU Quanqin, JI Yanhong. The effects of intercropping of Carya illinoinensis and Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’ on photosynthetic characteristics of C. sinensis tree during rapid growth period[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(2): 86-96.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208022.

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月份 month	测定点 habitat	η_AQY / (mol·mol^-1)	P_LSP / (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	P_LCP / (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	P_n,max/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	R_d/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)
7	T1	0.037±0.003 a	573.333±16.384 b	46.967±1.802 ab	6.670±0.689 b	1.937±0.220 ab
	T2	0.040±0.000 a	724.000±67.092 a	36.300±6.000 b	10.377±0.855 a	1.541±0.205 b
	T3	0.033±0.003 ab	564.000±48.222 b	48.733±8.951 ab	6.143±0.620 b	2.149±0.264 ab
	T0	0.028±0.002 b	412.000±19.732 c	73.625±10.136 a	5.432±0.494 c	2.338±0.098 a
8	T1	0.038±0.005 a	606.667±17.487 ab	28.519±10.510 ab	6.365±0.224 ab	0.902±0.158 c
	T2	0.041±0.004 a	813.000±184.310 a	14.711±1.102 c	7.721±0.111 a	0.829±0.045 c
	T3	0.026±0.003 b	525.333±49.008 ab	42.004±12.637 ab	6.113±0.346 b	1.619±0.021 b
	T0	0.021±0.001 b	450.667±36.098 c	62.654±14.621 a	4.972±0.489 c	1.936±0.030 a
9	T1	0.044±0.004 ab	825.333±8.743 b	36.667±5.696 a	11.405±0.293 bc	1.452±0.122 b
	T2	0.059±0.005 a	1064.000±86.194 a	25.333±5.333 a	17.052±0.227 a	1.115±0.016 c
	T3	0.054±0.008 ab	845.333±41.591 b	27.333±6.360 a	12.972±0.500 b	1.323±0.062 bc
	T0	0.035±0.007 b	793.333±24.258 b	40.000±8.000 a	10.862±0.754 c	1.777±0.010 a

薄壳山核桃-茶间作对‘安吉白茶’速生期光合特性的影响

The effects of intercropping of Carya illinoinensis and Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha’ on photosynthetic characteristics of C. sinensis tree during rapid growth period

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[1]	陈慧, 王改萍, 彭方仁, 朱允芬, 张钰, 王晗. 薄壳山核桃-油用牡丹多种种植模式下土壤质量评价[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(4): 177-183.
[2]	魏静, 谭星, 王昌盛, 闫瑞, 李林珂, 宁月, 刘芸. 引种美国红枫在两种紫色土区的生长和光合特性比较[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 97-105.
[3]	贾瑞瑞, 祝艳艳, 杨秀莲, 付钰, 岳远征, 王良桂. 不同砧木对楸树嫁接苗生长及光合特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(5): 97-106.
[4]	贾展慧, 贾晓东, 许梦洋, 莫正海, 翟敏, 宣继萍, 张计育, 王刚, 王涛, 郭忠仁. 薄壳山核桃原花青素合成关键酶基因的克隆与表达分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(5): 49-57.
[5]	田梦阳, 窦全琴, 谢寅峰, 汤文华, 季艳红. 4个薄壳山核桃品种的光合特性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(5): 67-74.
[6]	黄小辉, 吴焦焦, 王玉书, 冯大兰, 孙向阳. 不同供氮水平的核桃幼苗生长及叶绿素荧光特性[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(2): 119-126.
[7]	季艳红, 潘平平, 窦全琴, 谢寅峰. 不同泥炭替代基质对薄壳山核桃幼苗生长及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(1): 145-155.
[8]	季艳红, 汤文华, 窦全琴, 谢寅峰. 施肥对薄壳山核桃容器苗生长及养分积累的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(6): 47-56.
[9]	袁婷婷, 路远峰, 谢寅峰, 马迎莉, 吴桐, 倪震. 硼钼铜微肥配施对太子参光合特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 130-136.
[10]	圣倩倩, 戴安琪, 宋敏, 唐睿, 祝遵凌. NO₂胁迫下两种鹅耳枥的光合生理特性变化[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(2): 10-16.
[11]	仲磊, 张焕朝, 范俊俊, 张丹丹, 江皓, 张往祥. 夏季淹水胁迫对北美枫香苗木叶色及光合荧光特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(2): 69-76.
[12]	蒋瑶, 魏海林, 高昌虎, 王大故, 冯楠可, 李睿, 刘榕榕, 吕芳德. 湖南低山丘陵区薄壳山核桃的开花物候期观测及品种配置[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(1): 53-62.
[13]	周晓峰, 莫正海, 尚杨娟, 骆敏, 苏文川, 谭鹏鹏, 韩明慧, 邓秋菊, 田朝霞, 彭方仁. 薄壳山核桃CiDGAT1基因的克隆及表达模式分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(4): 55-62.
[14]	王敏, 席东, 莫正海, 陈于, 赵玉强, 朱灿灿. 薄壳山核桃CiAGL6基因的克隆、亚细胞定位及表达[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(4): 63-69.
[15]	汤文华, 窦全琴, 潘平平, 季艳红, 谢寅峰. 不同薄壳山核桃品种光合特性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(3): 81-88.