生态安全格局视角下的土地利用冲突识别研究

栾春凤; 郭欣然

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208057

栾春凤, 郭欣然

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5) : 156-164.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5) : 156-164. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208057

研究论文

生态安全格局视角下的土地利用冲突识别研究

栾春凤 ,
郭欣然

作者信息 +

Research on land use conflict identification from the perspective of ecological security pattern

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】以郑州都市圈核心区为研究对象,在构建区域生态安全格局的基础上,借助土地利用转化矩阵对土地转化类型、程度进行分析,识别土地利用空间冲突分类,为核心区的土地利用规划管理提供依据,对生态空间的保护提供参考。【方法】利用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)方法识别目标源地,采用最小累积阻力模型(MCR)及重力模型提取潜在廊道并筛选出重要廊道,构建综合生态安全格局,将生态安全格局分为低、中、高3级,进而定量地判断和剖析土地利用空间冲突的类型和程度,识别出土地利用冲突的空间特征,分析其影响因素。【结果】 ①郑州都市圈核心区土地利用冲突分布特征显著,耕地生态冲突分布较为集中,以不冲突为主;建设用地生态冲突分布较为分散,不冲突区主要分布在各个市域范围的主城区中部,一般严重冲突、极严重冲突主要位于研究区的北部;在耕地建设生态综合冲突中,各冲突等级面积大小为不冲突>一般严重冲突>极严重冲突,其中耕地生态冲突占主导。②郑州都市圈核心区2000—2020年区域景观格局破碎化程度较高,分布不均衡,构成研究区生态空间的主要景观类型;耕地景观、草地景观的占比呈现部分的下降。【结论】郑州都市圈核心区的土地利用用途转变程度、规模变化强度较大,耕地冲突、建设用地冲突和综合土地利用冲突较为明显。因此,该研究对于加强国土空间各类用地的管控及生态空间提质具有积极意义。

Abstract

【Objective】The core area of the Zhengzhou Metropolitan area was investigated based on the construction of a regional ecological security pattern. The type and degree of land transformation were analyzed with the help of a land use transformation matrix, and the classification of land use spatial conflicts was identified, providing a basis for land use planning and management in the core area as well as a reference for the protection of ecological space. 【Method】The morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) method was used to identify the target source area, the MCR model and gravity model were used to extract potential corridors and screen out important corridors, and the regional comprehensive ecological security pattern of “ecological source-ecological corridor-ecological network-hierarchical zoning” was constructed. The ecological security pattern was divided and analyzed. Next, the spatial characteristics of land use conflicts were identified, and the influencing factors were analyzed. 【Result】(1) The distribution of land use conflicts in the core area of the Zhengzhou Metropolitan area was significant, and the distribution of cultivated land ecological conflicts was relatively concentrated, mainly without conflicts. The distribution of ecological conflicts in construction land was relatively dispersed, the non-conflict areas were mainly concentrated in the middle of the main urban areas within each city scope, and the general serious conflicts and extremely serious conflicts were mainly located in the northern part of the research area. In the comprehensive ecological conflict of cultivated land construction, the size of each conflict level was no conflict, generally serious conflict, or extremely serious conflict, among which cultivated land ecological conflict dominated. (2) From 2000 to 2020, the regional landscape pattern in the core area of Zhengzhou Metropolitan area was highly fragmented and unevenly distributed, which constituted the main landscape type of ecological space in the study area. The proportion of cultivated land landscape and grassland landscape showed a partial decline. 【Conclusion】 The transformation degree and scale of land use in the core area of Zhengzhou Metropolitan area are relatively large, and the conflicts of cultivated land, construction land and comprehensive land use are relatively obvious. Therefore, the study has a positive significance for strengthening the control of various types of land use and improving the quality of ecological space.

导出引用

栾春凤, 郭欣然. 生态安全格局视角下的土地利用冲突识别研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2023, 47(5): 156-164 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208057

LUAN Chunfeng, GUO Xinran. Research on land use conflict identification from the perspective of ecological security pattern[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2023, 47(5): 156-164 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202208057

中图分类号： X321

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摘要

在对已有文献分析的基础上，提出土地利用冲突的权衡理论基础、框架和模型方法。利用数理模型方法，建立区域土地生态系统的功能价值评估体系，分析、评估不同尺度土地生态系统的功能及其价值水平，构建基于遗传算法的土地利用数量结构模型，获取区域土地利用数量结构的Pareto解集，并根据利益相关者的意愿和偏好做出权衡，确定解决土地利用冲突的有效方案，为缓解冲突并尽可能减少冲突提供一定的参考依据。

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https://doi.org/10.11821/dlyj201509003

摘要

土地利用的空间冲突与复杂性研究可为土地利用空间管控提供理论依据和实践支撑。以环杭州湾城市群1990年、2000年、2008年和2013年四期遥感影像为例,分析土地利用系统复杂性、脆弱性及动态性,计算空间冲突综合指数。结果表明：土地利用空间冲突等级表现为一般冲突>中度冲突>轻度冲突>重度冲突;空间冲突的空间格局呈现团状、块状及带状聚集模式分布,具有明显的梯度特征;随着时间的推移,空间冲突的空间自相关性减弱,并具有明显的边缘效应。研究区土地利用空间冲突表现为均衡→打破原有均衡→出现空间自相关→出现空间趋势→形成空间自组织的演变规律。土地利用空间冲突从多核心向单核心模式发展,区域发展水平较高且发展趋于均衡。

ZHOU

, XU

J C

, WANG

. Land use spatial conflicts and complexity:a case study of the urban agglomeration around Hangzhou Bay,China[J]. Geogr Res, 2015, 34(9):1630-1642.DOI: 10.11821/d1yj201509003.

本文引用 [1] 摘要

Land use conflicts are important and a concern for urban managers, especially in a rapid urbanization areas. Managers need to understand land use conflicts better so that they could make optimal decisions on land use allocations and conflict management. However, land use conflicts are complicated. With the rapid urbanization process, the land spatial configuration of contradictory uses may cause spatial conflicts. The urban agglomeration around Hangzhou Bay (UAHB), China, is a typical rapid urbanization area, and also experienced a significant expansion of urban land and dramatic changes to the urban land use spatial configuration through urban growth and their geographic determinants. In this paper, a case study of spatial-temporal variance and complexity of land use conflict was conducted in the UAHB, as to provide theoretical basis and practical support for managing land use conflict. Based on four dimensions (space - time - scale - gradient) and the analysis of land use system complexity as well as vulnerability and dynamics, the comprehensive index of land use spatial conflicts has been conducted by constructing the comprehensive calculation model and using geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing images (RS) of four years (1990, 2000, 1990 and 2013), and spatial statistics and landscape metrics. The results show that: (1) land use conflicts grade presented an order of general conflicts > moderate conflict > slight conflict > high conflict; (2) the spatial pattern of land use conflicts, characterized by clumps, block and banded space aggregation, showed obvious gradient evolution; (3) with the elapse of time, the spatial autocorrelation of land use conflicts have been waning gradually, and have obvious edge effect; (4) the random factors and structural factors are affecting land use conflicts. The paper concludes that (1) land use conflicts showed an evolvement rule, i.e., equilibrium→break the original balance→the spatial autocorrelation→trend in space→self-organizing (fractal); (2) the development of land use conflicts evolved from the multi-core to the single core model, which means the balanced development of the high degree of integration of urban and rural areas and urban agglomerations.

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