智慧林业发展现状与展望

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209052

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 83-95.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209052

所属专题：南京林业大学120周年校庆特刊

智慧林业发展现状与展望

曹林(), 周凯, 申鑫, 杨晓明, 曹福亮, 汪贵斌()

南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2022-09-23 修回日期:2022-10-18 出版日期:2022-11-30 发布日期:2022-11-24
通讯作者: 汪贵斌
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31922055);江苏省现代教育技术研究课题(2022-R-102708)

The status and prospects of smart forestry

CAO Lin(), ZHOU Kai, SHEN Xin, YANG Xiaoming, CAO Fuliang, WANG Guibin()

Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2022-09-23 Revised:2022-10-18 Online:2022-11-30 Published:2022-11-24
Contact: WANG Guibin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

信息技术是人类文明发展的重要推动力,也是当今世界发展最快、影响最大的高新技术之一。随着现代信息技术在林业领域的广泛应用,智慧林业成为了现代林业发展的必由之路。智慧林业是物联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能、移动互联网等新一代信息技术与3S技术、智能装备及林木育种、森林培育、森林经营、森林保护等林业生产和管理业务深入融合新模式。我国智慧林业的发展,在现代林业发展中具有重要的里程碑意义。笔者首先介绍了智慧林业产生的背景、内涵、特征、理论基础和研究方法,以及针对智慧林业发展所进行的顶层设计、项目部署实施、科研平台建设及人才培养概况;然后系统介绍了林业智能感知、空间信息技术、大数据及云计算、虚拟现实和智能装备技术等智慧林业关键核心技术的研究现状;进一步介绍了智慧林业在林木遗传育种、森林精准培育、森林资源监测与经营决策、林火监测预测及病虫害防治、野生动植物保护方向上的应用进展;最后,分析了未来智慧林业的发展目标,展望了智慧林业技术体系的主要发展方向。笔者认为,智慧林业的发展需要进一步推进智能算法及硬件的研发和应用,并加强智慧林业理论基础研究;同时,还需在精准多源数据获取的基础上,将现代数据挖掘、模型模拟、智能分析技术融入林业生产的业务流程中,服务林业生产的全产业链,引领林业高质量发展。

关键词: 智慧林业, 林业信息化, 人工智能, 林木表型, 森林培育与监测, 森林经营决策, 森林保护与灾害防治

Abstract:

Information technology is an important driving force for the development of human civilization, and it is also one of the fastest growing and most influential high-techs in the world today. With the wide application of modern information technology in the field of forestry, smart forestry has become the route one must take for the development of modern forestry. Smart forestry is the deep integration of new generation information technologies such as Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, mobile Internet and 3S technology, intelligent equipment as well as forestry production and management businesses such as and forest breeding, forest cultivation, forest management and forest protection. The development of smart forestry in China is a milestone in the development of modern forestry. The author introduces the background, connotation, characteristics, theoretical basis and research methods of smart forestry, as well as top-level design, project deployment and implementation, scientific research platform construction and talent training for smart forestry development; the research status of key core technologies of intelligent forestry, such as forestry intelligent perception, spatial information technology, big data and cloud computing, virtual reality and intelligent equipment technology, are systematically introduced. The application progress of smart forestry in forest tree genetics and breeding, forest precision silviculture, forest resource monitoring and management decision-making, forest fire monitoring and prediction, pest control, and wildlife protection were further introduced. Finally, the development goals of smart forestry in the future are pointed out, and the main development directions of smart forestry technology system are prospected. The author believes that the development of smart forestry needs to further promote the research, development and application of intelligent algorithms and hardware, as well as to strengthen the research of its theoretical basis. At the same time, it is also necessary to integrate modern data mining, model simulation and intelligent analysis technologies into the forestry production business process on the basis of obtaining accurate multi-source data, to provide services for the whole industry chain of forestry production and lead the high-quality development of forestry.

Key words: smart forestry, forestry informatization, artificial intelligence, phenotyping of forest trees, forest silviculture and monitoring, forest management decision, forest protection and disaster prevention

中图分类号:

曹林,周凯,申鑫,等. 智慧林业发展现状与展望[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(6): 83-95.

CAO Lin, ZHOU Kai, SHEN Xin, YANG Xiaoming, CAO Fuliang, WANG Guibin. The status and prospects of smart forestry[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 46(6): 83-95.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209052.

图/表 2

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智慧林业发展现状与展望

The status and prospects of smart forestry

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