雌雄银杏对温度变化的形态和生理响应

伍长风, 国靖, 汪贵斌

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4) : 150-158.

PDF(1958 KB)
南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
PDF(1958 KB)
南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4) : 150-158. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209064
研究论文

雌雄银杏对温度变化的形态和生理响应

作者信息 +

Morphological and physiological responses of male and female Ginkgo biloba to temperature changes

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文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】研究成年雌雄银杏(Ginkgo biloba)大树形态和生理指标与其温度适应的相关性,探究银杏对温度变化的响应机制及其性别差异【方法】通过对累年年均降水量为990~1 200 mm,累年年均气温为9.8、14.4、16.3、18.0和19.8 ℃的5个不同地区的同龄成年实生银杏大树生长指标、解剖结构和代谢产物含量进行分析,探究雌雄银杏在野外条件下对温度变化的响应。【结果】在适生条件下,随年均气温的升高,银杏叶面积、树高和胸径逐渐增加,净光合速率随之提高,萜内酯和聚戊烯醇含量逐渐增加,但总黄酮、多酚、多糖和可溶性糖含量却有所降低,表明一定程度的升温有利于银杏的生长和光合作用,提高萜内酯和聚戊烯醇等主要代谢产物的含量,但不利于抗氧化代谢产物的积累。同地区雄株银杏树高、叶面积、总黄酮、多酚、多糖和可溶性糖含量均显著高于雌株。【结论】自然条件下,银杏会根据不同的温度条件来调整自身形态特征、光合作用效率和代谢产物的含量来保证个体的正常生长,累年年均气温16.3~18.0 ℃是最适宜银杏生长的环境温度。银杏对气温的适应存在性别差异,雄株能更好地适应环境变化。

Abstract

【Objective】This study investigated the response mechanism of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) to temperature changes and its gender differences, and clarified the relationship between changes in ginkgo morphology and physiological indexes and their corresponding temperature adaptation.【Method】We explored the response of male and female ginkgo trees to temperature changes under field conditions by measuring the growth index, anatomical structure, and metabolite content of adult ginkgo trees in five areas with an average annual precipitation of 990-1 200 mm and average annual temperatures of 9.8, 14.4, 16.3, 18.0 and 19.8 ℃, respectively.【Result】Under suitable living conditions, the leaf area, tree height, breast diameter, photosynthetic rate (Pn), and terpene lactone and polyvalerenol contents increased with the temperature, while the total flavonoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, and soluble sugars contents decreased. These indicated that a certain degree of warming was beneficial to the growth and photosynthesis of Ginkgo biloba and increased the content of major metabolites such as terpene lactones and polypentenol, yet it was not promoting the accumulation of antioxidant metabolites. The tree height, leaf area, and total flavonoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, and soluble sugar contents of male plants were marked higher than those of female plants, while the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was lower than that of female plants.【Conclusion】Under natural conditions, both male and female ginkgo can adjust their morphological characteristics, photosynthetic strategies, and metabolite contents according to different temperature conditions to ensure the normal growth of individuals. The annual average temperature of 16.3-18.0 ℃ is the optimal environmental temperature for G. biloba growth. There exist gender differences in the adaptation of G. biloba to temperature, with the male plant exhibiting a superior ability to adapt to temperature changes.

关键词

银杏 / 雌雄株 / 温度 / 叶形态 / 光合特性 / 代谢指标

Key words

Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo) / male and female plants / temperature / leaf morphology / photosynthetic characteristics / metabolic index

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伍长风, 国靖, 汪贵斌. 雌雄银杏对温度变化的形态和生理响应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2024, 48(4): 150-158 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209064
WU Changfeng, GUO Jing, WANG Guibin. Morphological and physiological responses of male and female Ginkgo biloba to temperature changes[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2024, 48(4): 150-158 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209064
中图分类号： S792.95   

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通信地址：南京市龙蟠路南京林业大学《南京林业大学学报》编辑部
电子邮件：njlyzrb@vip.163.com
联系电话：025-85428247
邮政编码：210037
备案号：苏ICP备-010872

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