【目的】 测定4种玉兰不同组织中小白菊内酯含量,对其中小白菊内酯高含量树种开展不同生长期、树龄和产地的含量测定,为小白菊内酯高含量树种选育及栽培提供参考。【方法】 以玉兰(Magnolia denudate)、望春玉兰(M. delavayi)、山玉兰(M. biondii)和广玉兰(M. grandiflora)为试验材料,采用高效液相色谱法测定其叶片、花蕾和根皮中的小白菊内酯含量,同时测定小白菊内酯含量较高的望春玉兰在不同生长期、不同树龄和不同产地根皮中的含量。【结果】 望春玉兰根皮中小白菊内酯含量最高,平均质量分数达5.10%(干质量),在玉兰根皮中质量分数仅为0.72%,而在山玉兰和广玉兰根皮中未检测到小白菊内脂;4个树种叶片中均含有小白菊内酯,质量分数为0.06%~0.59%;但只有望春玉兰和广玉兰的花蕾中含有小白菊内酯,质量分数分别为0.88%和0.08%。2~4年生树龄望春玉兰根皮中小白菊内酯质量分数分别为2.43%、4.07%和4.31%,2年生和3年生、4年生根皮中的含量均呈显著差异,而3年生和4年生差异不显著。不同月份采集的望春玉兰根皮中小白菊内酯质量分数为3.51%~6.04%,含量最高的2月与前后两个月相比其差异均达到显著水平。不同产地望春玉兰根皮中的小白菊内酯质量分数为3.22%~5.51%,方差分析表明浙江临安种源和其余4个种源间差异显著。【结论】 4种玉兰中,望春玉兰根皮中小白菊内酯含量最高;其3年生树龄和2月采集根皮中小白菊内酯含量较高;建议望春玉兰根皮收获小白菊内酯的最佳树龄为3 a、最佳收获时间为2月中旬;在以收获小白菊内酯单一化合物为目标时,湖北襄阳、江苏南京和新沂为适合引种地。

【Objective】 The contents of parthenolide from different tissues were measured in four species of Magnolia, and contents of parthenolide were also measured at different growth periods, different tree ages and different production areas in tree species with high level of parthenolide, which will provide useful lessons for the breeding programs and for the planting of medicinal plant varieties from Magnoliaceae family.【Method】 Taking Magnolia denudata, M. biondii, M. grandiflora and M. delavayi as materials, the contents of parthenolide were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in leaves, buds and root barks. Root barks from M. biondii at different growth stages, different tree ages and different production areas are measuring for its parthenolide contents. 【Result】 Among different tissues from the four species, root barks of M. biondii has the highest contents of parthenolide with an average level of 5.10%, and the contents falls to 0.72% in M. denudata, but parthenolide was not detected in M. grandiflora and M. delavayi root barks. All leaves from the four species contented parthenolide with the trace level between 0.06% and 0.59%. Only the buds of M. biondii and M. grandiflora contains parthenolide with the average level of 0.88% and 0.08% separately. The contents of parthenolide in root barks with two-year, three-year and four-year old stage of M. biondii were 2.43%, 4.07% and 4.31% separately, and the contents of two-year old was significantly different from three-year and four-year old, but no significant difference was detected from three-year and four-year old tree. During the growth period of one year, parthenolide reached the highest level of 6.04% in February, which was significantly different from that in April and December of the previous year. The contents of parthenolide in root barks of M. biondii varied from 3.22% to 5.51% in five different production areas, and the analysis of variance showed that only the tree growing in Lin'an, Zhejiang Province were significantly different from the other four sites. 【Conclusion】 The contents of parthenolide were compared in different tissues from four Magnolia species, and found that the root barks of M. biondii contained the highest level of parthenolide among the four species with different tissues. The optimal tree age determined for havesting parthenolide was three and the best harvest time was mid-February based on the comparison of root barks parthenolide contents from different tree ages and different grown stages. When aiming at harvesting a single compound of parthenolide, Nanjing and Xinyi City in Jiangsu Province and Xiangyang in Hubei Province can introduce the tree of M. biondii for parhtenolide extraction from its root bark.