林业废弃物与猪粪堆肥过程中理化性质变化及腐熟度评价

郑捷翔; 王艮梅; 刘亚柏; 李嘉欣; 贺紫莹; 程锦萍; 程新宇

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202301008

郑捷翔, 王艮梅, 刘亚柏, 李嘉欣, 贺紫莹, 程锦萍, 程新宇

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4) : 195-205.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4) : 195-205. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202301008

研究论文

林业废弃物与猪粪堆肥过程中理化性质变化及腐熟度评价

郑捷翔 ¹ ,
王艮梅 ¹^,^* ,
刘亚柏 ² ,
李嘉欣 ¹ ,
贺紫莹 ¹ ,
程锦萍 ¹ ,
程新宇 ¹

作者信息 +

Changes of physicochemical properties and maturity evaluation during forestry waste and pig manure co-composting

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】研究林业废弃物在猪粪地肥过程中的性状变化,为林业废弃物合理处置及资源化利用提供依据。【方法】以修剪的猕猴桃(Actinidia arguta)枝条(取自江苏句容市某果园)和猪粪(取自当地养猪场)为研究对象,采用好氧堆肥的方法,按照猕猴桃枝条与猪粪的不同质量比例共设置6组处理[分别为9∶1、7∶3、5∶5、3∶7、1∶9,以及9∶1处理的基础上添加了微生物菌剂的9∶1(E)处理],研究猕猴桃枝条与猪粪混合堆肥过程中养分含量的变化,并进行腐熟程度评价。【结果】除9∶1、7∶3处理的堆体未达到高温阶段,其余处理在堆肥2~4 d后均达到高温阶段(>50 ℃),且高温持续时间达7 d以上,其中9∶1(E)处理持续高温阶段的时间最长,达10 d以上。除9∶1和7∶3处理外,其余处理的堆体种子发芽指数(GI)均达到50%(第10天)和80%(第20天)以上。堆肥过程中堆体pH和电导率(EC)无明显变化规律,所有处理堆体的pH在堆肥第20天时全部达到腐熟标准,EC在堆肥全过程中均符合腐熟标准。堆肥过程中堆体有机碳含量呈持续下降趋势,堆肥结束时堆体有机碳含量较开始时下降34.19%~55.54%;全氮含量呈先下降后上升趋势,较开始时增加28.07%~48.51%;堆肥后堆体有效磷和速效钾含量较开始分别增加8.77%~200.00%和66.14%~385.55%,其中9∶1(E)处理有效磷、速效钾含量增加幅度均最大。【结论】根据主成分分析综合排名结果及林业废弃物的资源化应用,建议优先选择猕猴桃枝条与猪粪质量比5∶5或9∶1的基础上添加微生物菌剂[(9∶1)E]这2种处堆肥配比处理进行推广。

Abstract

【Objective】This study aims to provide a basis for the rational disposal and resource utilization of forestry waste.【Method】The pruned Acinidia arguta (kiwifruit) branches (taken from an orchard in Jurong City, Jiangsu Province) and pig manure (taken from the local pig farm) were utilized as aerobic composting materials. Six groups of treatments were established based on the varying mass ratios of kiwifruit branches and pig manure, specifically 9∶1, 7∶3, 5∶5, 3∶7, 1∶9, and 9∶1 (E) (microbial inoculants were added to the 9∶1 ratio). The dynamic changes in nutrient content and evaluation of maturity were monitored through temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), C/N, and seed germination index (GI) during composting.【Result】With the exception of the 9∶1 and 7∶3 treatments, which did not reach the high-temperature stage, all other treatments attained high temperatures (> 50 ℃) after two to four days of composting. The duration of the high-temperature stage exceeded seven days, particularly for the 9∶1 (E) treatment, which sustained high temperatures for more than ten days. The results also indicated that the GI values of all treatments, excluding the 9∶1 and 7∶3 treatments, exceed 50% and 80% for composting durations of 10 and 20 days, respectively. No significant changes were observed in pH and EC during composting for all treated piles. The pH values achieved the maturity standard on the 20th day of composting, while the electrical conductance (EC) values consistently met the maturity standard throughout the process. During composting, organic carbon contents exhibited a continuous downward trend across all treatments, while the total nitrogen contents initially decreased and then increased. After composting, the organic carbon content declined by 34.19% to 55.54%, whereas the total nitrogen content increased by 28.07% to 48.51% compared to the values at the beginning of composting. Following composting, the mass fraction of available phosphorus and available potassium content raised by 8.77% to 200.00% and 66.14% to 385.55%, respectively, with the 9∶1 (E) treatment demonstrating the highest percentage increases for both available phosphorus and available potassium.【Conclusion】Based on the comprehensive ranking results from principal component analysis and the resource utilization of forestry waste, the composting ratios of 5∶5 or 9∶1 (E) are recommended as priorities.

导出引用

郑捷翔, 王艮梅, 刘亚柏, 等. 林业废弃物与猪粪堆肥过程中理化性质变化及腐熟度评价[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2025, 49(4): 195-205 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202301008

ZHENG Jiexiang, WANG Genmei, LIU Yabai, et al. Changes of physicochemical properties and maturity evaluation during forestry waste and pig manure co-composting[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2025, 49(4): 195-205 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202301008

中图分类号： S133;S718

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