靓竹叶色表型叶片形态、结构与光合特性相关性研究

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202302035

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (1): 145-154.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202302035

靓竹叶色表型叶片形态、结构与光合特性相关性研究

徐薪璐¹^,²(), 孔淑鑫¹^,², 吕卓¹^,², 江帅君¹^,², 赵婉琪¹^,², 林树燕¹^,^*()

1.南京林业大学竹类研究所,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京 210037
2.南京林业大学生态与环境学院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2023-02-28 修回日期:2023-05-17 出版日期:2025-01-30 发布日期:2025-01-21
通讯作者: * 林树燕(lrx@njfu.com.cn),教授。
作者简介:
徐薪璐(936728807@qq.com)。
基金资助:
林业和草原科技成果国家级推广项目(2023133113);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

The relationship of appearance, structure and photosynthetic characteristics of different leaf color phenotypes of Sasaella glabra ‘Albostriata’

XU Xinlu¹^,²(), KONG Shuxin¹^,², LYU Zhuo¹^,², JIANG Shuaijun¹^,², ZHAO Wanqi¹^,², LIN Shuyan¹^,^*()

1. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Bamboo Research Institute,Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037,China
2. College of Eolology and the Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China

Received:2023-02-28 Revised:2023-05-17 Online:2025-01-30 Published:2025-01-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】以原种椎谷笹(Sasaella glabra)叶片为对照,探究其变种靓竹(S. glabra‘Albostriata’)不同叶色表型叶片形态、结构与光合特性的关系。【方法】以原种及靓竹不同叶色表型叶片为研究对象,测量叶长、叶宽、叶面积、叶片干质量、叶色参数和叶片光合色素含量,同时测得其光合日变化、光响应曲线、叶绿素荧光参数,按照叶色分区观察靓竹及原种叶片的荧光显微结构和超微结构,进一步分析叶色参数与光合色素、光合色素与净光合速率、叶绿素与叶绿素荧光参数的相关性。【结果】不同叶色表型叶片生物量差异显著,原种叶片的叶长、叶宽、叶面积、叶片干质量均显著高于靓竹叶片,靓竹叶片的各生物学特性指标随绿色面积增加而增加;不同叶色表型叶片间各叶色参数差异显著,随着绿色面积增加,反映叶片红绿程度的a^*的绝对值同步增加,反映明亮度的L^*、反映叶片黄绿程度的b^*和反映叶片鲜艳度的C^*的变化均同步减少。不同类型叶片荧光显微结构在细胞排列上差异不明显,主要区别在于靓竹黄区叶肉细胞无明显分化,叶绿体在叶肉细胞中零散分布,而靓竹绿区及原种叶片的叶肉细胞分化为指状臂细胞和梅花状细胞,叶绿体占据叶肉细胞;靓竹叶片黄区叶肉细胞内部结构与绿区及原种叶片叶肉细胞区别明显,主要体现在细胞壁加厚、细胞空腔大、内部较多降解物质、叶肉细胞分化不显著、叶绿体发育异常、嗜锇颗粒堆积等现象;同为绿色的靓竹叶片绿区和原种绿叶,其叶肉细胞结构和分化程度相似,相较于原种,靓竹叶片绿区叶绿体的嗜锇颗粒较多。4种叶色表型叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量均存在显著差异,叶色为纯绿色的原种椎谷笹各光合色素含量最高;3种不同叶色表型的靓竹叶片随着黄色条纹面积增大,光合色素含量呈下降趋势。各光合色素与a^*的绝对值存在显著正相关关系,与L^*、b^*、C^*存在显著负相关关系;不同叶色表型叶片的光合日变化及光响应曲线差异显著,4 种表型叶片的叶绿素含量与其净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率呈正相关,与胞间二氧化碳浓度变化趋势相反;叶绿素含量和初始荧光(F₀)成正比,除F₀以外的各叶绿素荧光参数差异不显著,PSⅡ光反应中心功能正常。【结论】靓竹不同叶色表型叶片的形态、结构和光合特性差异显著,叶色作为可以直接观察到的表象,可反映叶片形态、结构与功能息息相关,具体体现在叶绿体的数量和发育状况能够影响叶绿素的含量,叶绿素含量与光合能力呈正相关,光合产物含量可以从叶面积等形态指标与叶干物质含量上表现出来,其复杂的调控机制需要进一步研究。

关键词: 靓竹, 叶绿素, 叶绿体, 叶色参数, 光合特性

Abstract:

【Objective】We have used Sasaella glabra as a model to investigate the relationship between various leaf color phenotypes of S. glabra ‘Albostriata’ and their photosynthetic capabilities.【Method】Four different leaf color phenotypes were selected for the study. Image J software was used to measure the length, breadth, and surface area of the leaves. The dry weight of the leaves was determined using an electronic balance. Leaf color parameters were assessed using the color picker feature in Adobe Photoshop CC 2018. Photosynthetic pigment levels were measured using visible light spectrophotometry. Diurnal variations in photosynthesis and light response curves were recorded with the Li-6400 portable photosynthesis measurement system. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured using the CF Imager program. The relationships between leaf color parameters and photosynthetic pigments, as well as between photosynthetic pigments and the net photosynthetic rate, were analyzed. Chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were also examined. The fluorescence microstructure and ultrastructure of leaves were observed according to leaf color division. 【Result】The biological characteristics of leaves with different color phenotypes varied significantly. For instance, S. glabra exhibited significantly higher leaf length, width, area, and dry weight compared to S. glabra ‘Albostriata’, with these indices increasing as the green stripe area expanded. Similarly, the leaf color parameters of different phenotypes were significantly different. The absolute value of the a^* value, indicating red-green coloration, increased, while the trends of the L^* value (brightness), b^* value (yellow-green coloration), and C^* value (chroma) all decreased synchronously. The microstructures of various leaf types showed no significant differences in cell organization. The primary distinction was that in S. glabra and the green area of S. glabra ‘Albostriata’, mesophyll cells differentiate into arm cells and rosette cells, respectively, with chloroplasts occupying the mesophyll cells. In contrast, mesophyll cells in the yellow area of S. glabra ‘Albostriata’ showed notable differences, such as thicker cell walls, larger cell cavities and more degradation products. The mesophyll cell shape and differentiation in the green area resembled those of S. glabra, except for the presence of osmiophilic granules. The four genotypes exhibited significant differences in chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids levels. The S. glabra had the highest concentration of photosynthetic pigments. The amount of photosynthetic pigments increased with the stripe area, showing a significant positive correlation with the a^* value and a significant negative correlation with the L^*, b^*, and C^* values. The leaf color genotypes also differed in light response curves and diurnal photosynthesis fluctuations. Chlorophyll content was positively correlated with the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate, and was directly proportional to F₀. The only significant variation in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was F₀, indicating normal PS Ⅱ photoreaction center activity. 【Conclusion】 The three distinct leaf color phenotypes of S. glabra ‘Albostriata’ differ significantly in appearance, structure, and photosynthetic properties. The leaf color directly reflects these differences, illustrating that the number and development of chloroplasts affect chlorophyll content. Chlorophyll content is positively related to photosynthetic capacity. Morphological indicators such as leaf area and dry matter content can indicate the content of photosynthetic products, though the complex regulatory mechanisms behind this relationship warrant further investigation.

Key words: Sasaella glabra ‘Albostriata’, chlorophyll, chloroplast, leaf color parameter, photosynthetic characteristic

中图分类号:

S718.3

徐薪璐,孔淑鑫,吕卓,等. 靓竹叶色表型叶片形态、结构与光合特性相关性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 49(1): 145-154.

XU Xinlu, KONG Shuxin, LYU Zhuo, JIANG Shuaijun, ZHAO Wanqi, LIN Shuyan. The relationship of appearance, structure and photosynthetic characteristics of different leaf color phenotypes of Sasaella glabra ‘Albostriata’[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2025, 49(1): 145-154.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202302035.

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叶色表型 leaf color phenotype	叶长/cm leaf length	叶宽/cm leaf width	叶面积/cm² leaf area	叶干质量/g leaf dry mater content	L^*	a^*	b^*
Y1	3.67±0.76 c	0.64±0.21 b	1.77±0.87 c	0.03±0.01 c	79.10±15.55 a	-3.50±3.69 a	44.30±8.81 a
Y2	4.93±0.77 b	0.73±0.08 b	2.64±0.61 bc	0.05±0.01 bc	69.80±24.18 ab	-7.10±5.63 ab	35.90±10.86 b
Y3	5.14±0.74 b	0.80±0.10 b	3.01±0.51 b	0.08±0.03 b	52.90±27.45 bc	-11.20±6.63 bc	27.10±9.69 c
CK	6.05±0.97 a	1.14±0.21 a	5.21±1.48 a	0.12±0.06 a	40.60±8.24 d	-14.30±2.71 d	19.60±6.45 c

叶色表型 leaf color phenotype	叶绿素a Chl a	叶绿素b Chl b	叶绿素 Chl	类胡萝卜素 Car
Y1	4.05±0.18 d	0.77±0.26 d	4.82±0.33 d	1.60±0.10 cd
Y2	11.85±0.07 c	2.43±0.19 c	14.28±0.26 c	3.31±0.05 bc
Y3	15.87±1.29 b	3.09±0.37 b	18.96±1.64 b	4.97±0.49 b
CK	28.69±0.54 a	5.65±0.40 a	34.34±0.45 a	8.15±0.52 a

指标 index	Chl a	Chl b	Chl	Car
L^*	-0.656^*	-0.688^*	-0.662^*	-0.674^*
a^*	-0.685^*	-0.693^*	-0.687^*	-0.726^**
b^*	-0.839^**	-0.849^**	-0.841^**	-0.844^**
C^*	-0.887^**	-0.888^**	-0.889^**	-0.889^**

叶色表型 leaf color phenotype	F₀	原初光能转化效率 F_v/F_m	光合电子传递量子效率 ΦPSⅡ	非光化学猝灭系数 qN	光化学猝灭系数 qP
Y1	2 449.67±694.09 bc	0.81±0.01 ab	0.15±0.02 a	3.67±0.78 a	0.31±0.08 a
Y2	3 233.00±75.34 ab	0.78±0.02 b	0.17±0.01 a	2.73±0.18 bc	0.31±0.02 a
Y3	3 335.67±356.85 ab	0.79±0.01 ab	0.16±0.01 a	3.14±0.08 abc	0.30±0.02 a
CK	3 580.00±595.05 a	0.80±0.01 ab	0.16±0.01 a	3.48±0.39 ab	0.32±0.01 a

指标index	Chl	Pn	Gs	Ci	Tr	F₀	F_v/F_m	ΦPSⅡ	qN
Pn	0.611^*	1
Gs	0.907^**	0.359	1
Ci	-0.060	-0.382	-0.011	1
Tr	0.816^**	0.266	0.825^**	0.122	1
F₀	0.656^*	0.429	0.770^**	-0.267	0.434	1
F_v/F_m	0.064	-0.215	-0.026	0.687^*	0.154	-0.509	1
ΦPSⅡ	0.025	-0.151	0.050	-0.116	0.054	-0.306	0.067	1
qN	0.017	-0.277	-0.165	0.598^*	0.156	-0.538	0.741^**	0.058	1
qP	0.085	-0.175	-0.022	0.058	0.282	-0.368	0.184	0.635^*	0.552

靓竹叶色表型叶片形态、结构与光合特性相关性研究

The relationship of appearance, structure and photosynthetic characteristics of different leaf color phenotypes of Sasaella glabra ‘Albostriata’

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