森林-城镇交界域火灾研究进展

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202303047

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 1-10.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202303047

森林-城镇交界域火灾研究进展

王秋华¹(), 王劲¹, 李晓娜²^,^*(), 马诚¹, 洪瑞成¹, 曹恒茂¹, 高仲亮¹

1.西南林业大学土木工程学院,云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,云南昆明 650224
2.西南林业大学地理与生态旅游学院,云南昆明 650224

收稿日期:2023-03-30 修回日期:2023-12-28 出版日期:2024-09-30 发布日期:2024-10-03
通讯作者: * 李晓娜(xiaonali_20060429@163.com),讲师。
作者简介:
王秋华(qhwang2010@swfu.edu.cn),教授。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32160376);国家自然科学基金项目(31960318);国家自然科学基金项目(31901322)

Advances in research of wildland-urban interface fires

WANG Qiuhua¹(), WANG Jin¹, LI Xiaona²^,^*(), MA Cheng¹, HONG Ruicheng¹, CAO Hengmao¹, GAO Zhongliang¹

1. School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control, Kunming 650224, China
2. School of Geography and Eco-toursim,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224, China

Received:2023-03-30 Revised:2023-12-28 Online:2024-09-30 Published:2024-10-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

森林-城镇交界域(wildland-urban interface, WUI)作为人类聚集区与森林等自然生态系统的过渡区域,是人与环境紧密联系的焦点区域,也是火灾高发区。交界域火灾现象与人类活动有着密切联系,随着城镇化水平大幅提升及森林城市建设的快速发展,人类活动增多,交界域火源更复杂,火灾发生频次和规模日趋严重。通过文献分析及火灾案例整理,综述了森林-城镇交界域的火灾发生概况、火灾防控研究内容和研究方法等方面的研究进展。目前我国对森林-城镇交界域的概念比较模糊,有待进一步明确和规范。探讨了今后的研究方向,为更加科学有效进行森林-城镇交界域火灾防治,需进一步拓展交界域火灾案例库;整合林火卫星监测系统、林草部门视频监控和城管大数据平台,研建我国森林-城镇交界域火灾预警监测系统;加强火行为模型、无人机、遥感监测等新技术的研究力度,为森林-城镇交界域火管理对策、火灾预防标准和风险降低方案提供参考。

关键词: 火灾预警, 火灾监测, 火灾扑救, 火行为模型, 森林-城镇交界域

Abstract:

As the wildland-urban interface (WUI) becomes an increasingly important area of focus, the close relationship between human settlements and natural ecosystems such as forests has led to a high incidence of fires. Human activities play significant roles in the occurrence of fires in the WUI, and with rapid urbanization and the construction of forest cities, the complexity and severity of these fires have increased. This paper provides an overview of research progress on fires in the WUI, through literature analysis and case studies. At present, the concept of the WUI in China lacks clarity and standardization, highlighting the need for further research in this area. Future research should focus on expanding the database of interface fire cases and integrating satellite monitoring systems, video surveillance, and big data platforms to establish an early warning and monitoring system for the WUI. In addition, strengthening the research on fire behavior simulation and remote sensing monitoring, especially UAV fire behavior detection technology research on fire behavior simulations and remote sensing monitoring of WUI and unmanned aerial, remote-sensing monitoring and other new technologies will be crucial for providing effective solutions for fire prevention and control in the WUI. This will also contribute to the improvement of management measures, standards, and risk reduction strategies. Overall, the emphasis on new technologies and scientific research will provide a solid foundation for the management and reduction of fire risks in the WUI.

Key words: fire alarming, fire monitoring, fire suppressing, fire behavior models, wildland-urban interface

中图分类号:

S762.3

王秋华,王劲,李晓娜,等. 森林-城镇交界域火灾研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(5): 1-10.

WANG Qiuhua, WANG Jin, LI Xiaona, MA Cheng, HONG Ruicheng, CAO Hengmao, GAO Zhongliang. Advances in research of wildland-urban interface fires[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(5): 1-10.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202303047.

图/表 2

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国家 nation	火灾名称 name of fire	过火面积/万hm² fire area	烧毁房屋数量 number of houses burned	死亡人数 death toll	经济损失/亿美元 economic losses
美国 USA	2003年加州雪松火灾 2003 Cedar fire,California	11	3 000	20	20
	2016年田纳西州野火 2016 Sevier County fire Tennessee	—	2 400	14	—
	2018年加州天堂镇火灾 2018 Paradise fire,California	6.2	19 000	85	—
澳大利亚 Australia	2009年“黑色星期六” 2009 “Black Saturday”	41	1 820	210	—
	2019跨年度丛林大火 2019 Annual Forest fires	700	3 000	33	10
加拿大 Canada	2016年麦克默里堡森林火灾 2016 forest fire,Fort McMurray	50	2 400	2	90
希腊 Greece	2007年雅典森林火灾 2007 forest fire, Athens	27	—	64	15
葡萄牙 Portugal	2016年里斯本森林火灾 2016 forest fire, Lisbon	550	1 000	117	3

森林-城镇交界域火灾研究进展

Advances in research of wildland-urban interface fires

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