施加生物炭对屋顶绿化土壤径流水质的影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202305032

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 153-160.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202305032

施加生物炭对屋顶绿化土壤径流水质的影响

李娟¹(), 薛建辉¹^,²^,^*(), 熊伟巍¹, 张国微¹, 王翰琨¹

1.南京林业大学生态与环境学院,江苏南京 210037
2.江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,江苏南京 210014

收稿日期:2023-05-26 接受日期:2023-10-13 出版日期:2025-03-30 发布日期:2025-03-28
通讯作者: *薛建辉(jhxue@njfu.edu.cn),教授。
作者简介:
李娟(17629383009@163.com)。
基金资助:
江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目(LYKJ202202)

Effect of biochar application on soil runoff and water quality in green roof

LI Juan¹(), XUE Jianhui¹^,²^,^*(), XIONG Weiwei¹, ZHANG Guowei¹, WANG Hankun¹

1. College of Ecology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China

Received:2023-05-26 Accepted:2023-10-13 Online:2025-03-30 Published:2025-03-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】屋顶绿化可有效增加城市绿化率并缓解城市“热岛效应”,已逐渐成为城市绿化的重要途径之一。近年来,生物炭作为土壤改良剂被广泛应用于农林业生产中,其质量轻、孔隙度大等特点也适于改良屋顶绿化土壤的生态特性。通过研究不同生物炭施用量以及不同热解温度制备的生物炭对屋顶绿化土壤径流量及径流中养分析出特征的影响,为城市屋顶绿化中生物炭的适宜施用量提供参考依据。【方法】设置3个水平生物炭施用量(0%、10%、20%,体积分数),3个水平热解温度(300、400、500 ℃),每一水平各设4个重复。在种植箱中装填10 cm厚经处理的土壤基质,种植植物为佛甲草(Sedum lineare)。每次降水后收集土壤径流进行测定。【结果】①施用生物炭可提高屋顶绿化土壤pH,显著降低土壤径流中的全氮(TN)和溶解有机碳(DOC)质量浓度;施用10%生物炭可降低径流中的全磷(TP)质量浓度,而施用20%生物炭则会增加径流中全磷(TP)质量浓度。②与未施用生物炭的对照相比,施用适量生物炭可降低屋顶绿化土壤径流量及径流中养分浓度,从而减少屋顶绿化土壤的养分流失量。③在不同生物炭施用量下,施用不同热解温度(300、400、500 ℃)制备的生物炭对屋顶绿化土壤径流水质的影响差异不显著。【结论】施用适量生物炭可降低屋顶绿化土壤径流量及径流中N、P养分流失量,间接减轻城市径流污染负荷,在城市暴雨径流管理中具有一定的应用前景。

关键词: 屋顶绿化, 生物炭, 施加量, 热解温度, 土壤, 径流水质, 城市污染

Abstract:

【Objective】Roof greening has become a popular method for increasing urban green spaces and mitigating the urban “heat island effect”. Recently, biochar, known for its lightweight and highly porous nature, has been utilized as a soil amendment in the agricultural and forestry sectors. This study explores the impacts of varying biochar application rates and pyrolysis temperatures on soil runoff and nutrient content in roof greening, to assess biochar’s potential for enhancing urban roof greening practices.【Method】The experiment involved three levels of biochar application (0%, 10% and 20%, volume fraction) and three pyrolysis temperatures (300, 400 and 500 ℃), with four replicates per treatment. Each planting box was filled with a 10 cm thick layer of treated soil matrix and planted with Sedum lineare. Soil runoff was collected and analyzed after each rainfall event.【Result】The findings indicated that biochar application could increase soil pH and significantly reduce the levels of total nitrogen (TN) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the runoff. While a 10% biochar addition decreased the total phosphorus (TP) concentration in the runoff, a 20% addition had the opposite effect. Moreover, biochar was effective in reducing soil runoff and nutrient concentration, thus minimizing nutrient loss from the soil. There was no significant difference in the effects of biochar processed at different pyrolysis temperatures on runoff quality. 【Conclusion】Optimal biochar application can significantly decrease N and P loss in roof soil runoff, indirectly reducing urban runoff pollution. This suggests a promising application for biochar in managing urban stormwater runoff.

Key words: roof greening, biochar, addition amount, pyrolysis temperature, soil, runoff water quality, urban pollution

中图分类号:

S715

李娟,薛建辉,熊伟巍,等. 施加生物炭对屋顶绿化土壤径流水质的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 49(2): 153-160.

LI Juan, XUE Jianhui, XIONG Weiwei, ZHANG Guowei, WANG Hankun. Effect of biochar application on soil runoff and water quality in green roof[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2025, 49(2): 153-160.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202305032.

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热解温度/℃ pyrolysis temperature	pH	有机碳质量分数 SOC mass fraction	全氮质量分数 TN mass fraction	全磷质量分数 TP mass fraction
300	8.24	482.23	8.30	2.70
400	9.37	504.71	7.82	2.97
500	9.66	579.10	7.63	3.06

处理 treatment	04-25		04-28		06-03		06-23
处理 treatment	C	水质类别 water quality classification	C	水质类别 water quality classification	C	水质类别 water quality classification	C	水质类别 water quality classification
CK	44.71	Ⅴ	44.56	Ⅴ	23.13	Ⅴ	2.79	Ⅴ
R31	8.51	Ⅴ	4.10	Ⅴ	0.77	Ⅲ	0.34	Ⅱ
R32	4.08	Ⅴ	1.84	Ⅳ	0.95	Ⅲ	0.79	Ⅲ
R41	6.78	Ⅴ	3.95	Ⅴ	1.04	Ⅳ	0.55	Ⅲ
R42	6.07	Ⅴ	2.89	Ⅴ	1.04	Ⅳ	0.82	Ⅲ
R51	10.02	Ⅴ	4.36	Ⅴ	1.23	Ⅳ	0.45	Ⅲ
R52	7.40	Ⅴ	3.70	Ⅴ	1.15	Ⅳ	0.85	Ⅲ

施加生物炭对屋顶绿化土壤径流水质的影响

Effect of biochar application on soil runoff and water quality in green roof

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组成component	CK	R31	R32	R41	R42	R51	R52
黄棕壤yellow-brown soil	70	60	50	60	50	60	50
稻壳炭rice husk biochar	0	10	20	10	20	10	20
珍珠岩perlite	15	15	15	15	15	15	15
蛭石vermiculite	15	15	15	15	15	15	15

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