瓦雷兹芽孢杆菌HZM9对榉树生长及其根部土壤微生物的影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202308042

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3): 213-219.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202308042

瓦雷兹芽孢杆菌HZM9对榉树生长及其根部土壤微生物的影响

杨浩业¹(), 徐腾¹, 郁世军², 尚楚², 王克春², 樊奔¹^,^*()

1.南京林业大学林草学院,江苏南京 210037
2.江苏农景生态建设有限公司,江苏句容 212446

收稿日期:2023-08-16 接受日期:2023-11-17 出版日期:2025-05-30 发布日期:2025-05-27
通讯作者: *樊奔(fanben@njfu.edu.cn),教授。
作者简介:
杨浩业(tranqlar@hotmail.com)。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31970097);句容市农业技术创新基金面上项目(NY202015)

Effects of Bacillus velezensis HZM9 on tree growth of Zelkova schneideriana and microbial communities in their root soil

YANG Haoye¹(), XU Teng¹, YU Shijun², SHANG Chu², WANG Kechun², FAN Ben¹^,^*()

1. College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Jiangsu Nongjing Eco-Construction Co., Ltd., Jurong 212446, China

Received:2023-08-16 Accepted:2023-11-17 Online:2025-05-30 Published:2025-05-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】使用生防菌剂对尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)造成的榉树(Zelkova schneideriana)枯萎病进行防治处理,研究其应用效果以及对榉树根部周围土壤微生物的影响。【方法】使用瓦雷兹芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)HZM9,对江苏句容市某种植园中遭受尖孢镰刀菌侵袭的榉树林进行抗病促生防治。一年后测定榉树胸径等生长指标,同时对榉树根部周围土壤采样,测定了土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶等4种土壤酶活性以及土壤微生物的群落组成。【结果】相比于不加菌剂的对照,HZM9菌株处理使榉树胸径生长平均加快了10%,榉树的死亡率由8.7%降至5.3%,但对土壤酶活性的影响均不显著。此外,HZM9菌剂改变了土壤微生物的群落结构,显著提高了被孢霉等有益微生物的相对丰度。【结论】HZM9菌株对榉树生长具有明显抗病促生作用,同时能够显著影响榉树根部土壤微生物的群落结构,有望对榉树生产发挥长期的积极作用。

关键词: 尖孢镰刀菌, 榉树, 枯萎病, 土壤微生物群落结构, 土壤真菌, 土壤细菌

Abstract:

【Objective】The study aimed to determine the effects of a biocontrol agent used to treat zelkova (Zelkova schneideriana) wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum on the microorganisms in the rhizospheric soil of zelkova. 【Method】The disease control efficiency and growth promoting effects of Bacillus velezensis HZM9 on zelkova trees challenged by F. oxysporum in a plantation in Jurong City, Jiangsu Province, were determined in this study. The diameter at breast height (DBH) and death rate of the zelkova trees were analyzed after one year of treatment. Samples of rhizospheric soil were collected from the region around the roots of zelkova trees, following which the activities of four enzymes (soil urease, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, and sucrase) and the structure of the microbial community in the soil were analyzed. 【Result】Compared to that of the untreated control, B. velezensis HZM9 treatment increased the DBH of zelkova trees by 17%, and reduced their death rate from 8.7% to 5.3%. Treatment with B. velezensis HZM9 had little influence on the activities of soil enzymes but increased the soil microbial diversity. In particular, the relative abundance of the beneficial microbial groups, including Mortierella sp., improved significantly. 【Conclusion】The findings indicated that B. velezensis HZM9 can significantly promote the growth of zelkova trees and alter the structure of the soil microbial community, which may benefit the long-term production of zelkova trees.

Key words: Fusarium oxysporum, Zelkova schneideriana, wilt disease, soil microbial community structure, soil fungi, soil bacteria

中图分类号:

S476.9

杨浩业,徐腾,郁世军,等. 瓦雷兹芽孢杆菌HZM9对榉树生长及其根部土壤微生物的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 49(3): 213-219.

YANG Haoye, XU Teng, YU Shijun, SHANG Chu, WANG Kechun, FAN Ben. Effects of Bacillus velezensis HZM9 on tree growth of Zelkova schneideriana and microbial communities in their root soil[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2025, 49(3): 213-219.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202308042.

图/表 4

图1

图2

表1

不同样地土壤细菌在门、科、属水平上的相对丰度"

分类等级 taxonomic level	细菌相对丰度/% bacterial RA			真菌相对丰度/% fungal RA
分类等级 taxonomic level	分类名 taxonomy	SJ	WS	分类名 taxonomy	SJ	WS
门 phylum	酸杆菌门Acidobacteriota	38	37	子囊菌门Ascomycota	39	37
	变形菌门Proteobacteria	28	28	摩氏菌门Mortierellomycota	32	13
	拟杆菌门Bacteroidota	7	4	担子菌门Basidiomycota	14	34
	放线菌门Actinobacteriota	6	6	壶菌门Chytridiomycota	2	<1
	绿弯菌门Chloroflexi	4	5	球囊菌门Glomeromycota	2	5
	宝石单胞菌门Gemmatimonadota	2	3	毛霉菌门Mucoromycota	<1	4
	粘球菌门Myxococcota	3	1	罗泽菌门Rozellomycota	<1	<1
	疣微菌门Verrucomicrobiota	2	6	单鞭毛菌门Monoblepharomycota	<1	<1
	WPS-2	1	2	壶柄菌门Blastocladiomycota	<1	<1
	Latescibacterota	<1	<1	钙孢菌门Calcarisporiellomycota	<1	<1
	其他others	8	7	其他others	10	5
科 family	吡喃单胞菌科Pyrinomonadaceae	4	<1	被孢霉科Mortierellaceae	32	13
	土杆菌科Solibacteraceae	4	5	Sordariales fam Incertae sedis	8	2
	几丁质菌科Chitinophagaceae	4	2	Trimorphomycetaceae	5	<1
	苔藓杆菌科Bryobacteraceae	3	3	赤壳菌科Nectriaceae	4	4
	宝石单胞菌科Gemmatimonadaceae	4	3	毛壳科Chaetomiaceae	3	3
	微肽菌科Micropepsaceae	3	5	晶杯菌科Hyaloscyphaceae	3	2
	黄杆菌科Xanthobacteraceae	3	3	小壶菌科Spizellomycetaceae	2	<1
	伯克氏菌科Burkholderiaceae	3	3	白蘑科Tricholomataceae	1	<1
	鞘氨醇单胞菌科Sphingomonadaceae	3	3	角担菌科Ceratobasidiaceae	1	3
	亚硝化单胞菌科Nitrosomonadaceae	3	1	曲霉科Aspergillaceae	<1	<1
	其他others	66	72	其他others	40	71
属genus	RB41	4	<1	根霉属Mortierella	32	13
	候选土杆菌属Candidatus solibacter	4	5	丛毛霉属Staphylotrichum	<1	1
	苔藓杆菌属Bryobacter	3	3	斋藤酵母属Saitozyma	8	<1
	Burkholderia-Caballeronia	2	2	壳孢属Cistella	5	2
	酸杆菌属Acidibacter	1	2	斯氏壶菌属Spizellomyces	2	2
	鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas	1	2	丝膜菌属Mycena	2	<1
	黄杆菌属Flavobacterium	1	2	枝孢霉属Cladosporium	1	<1
	盐壤菌属Haliangium	1	<1	青霉属Penicillium	<1	<1
	候选柯里杆菌属Candidatus koribacter	<1	<1	角担菌属Ceratobasidium	<1	<1
	Puia	<1	<1	木霉属Trichoderma	<1	<1
	其他others	82	83	其他others	47	80

表1

图3

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瓦雷兹芽孢杆菌HZM9对榉树生长及其根部土壤微生物的影响

Effects of Bacillus velezensis HZM9 on tree growth of Zelkova schneideriana and microbial communities in their root soil

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