【目的】探究丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF)定殖对夏雪片莲(Leucojum aestivum)生长和光合特性的影响,为培育高质量观赏及药用花卉提供相关依据。【方法】选择大小一致的夏雪片莲2年生球茎于温室中种植并接种AMF,试验组分别接种根内根孢囊霉(Rhizophagus intraradices, Ri)、摩西斗管囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae, Fm)和扭形多样孢囊霉(Diversispora tortuosa, Dt),以及混合接种3种AMF(以质量比1∶1∶1混合,Mi),对照组(CK)接种3类AMF混合(质量比1∶1∶1)的灭活菌剂;测定接种AMF后夏雪片莲的株高、干鲜质量及光合特性,并进行光合特性的相关性分析,同时采用隶属函数分析法综合评估所有指标。【结果】Fm组侵染率最高,为69.38%;Ri组最低,为36.93%,其中Ri组侵染率显著低于Fm、Dt和Mi组。在各处理组中,Fm组的株高最高(43.46 cm),且干质量也达到最大(39.94 g)。光合参数显示,Ri组表现出最高的气孔导度均值[Gs=0.30 mol/(m²·s)]、胞间CO₂浓度均值(Ci=331 μmol/mol)和蒸腾速率均值[Tr=3.45 mmol/(m²·s)],其中Tr显著高于CK组。相关性分析揭示,净光合速率(Pn)与Gs在所有处理组中普遍呈显著正相关,气孔限制值(Ls)与Ci在菌根处理组中呈显著负相关;其余光合指标也存在一定的相关性,但不同处理间并未呈现规律性变化。隶属函数结果表明,Mi和Dt对夏雪片莲的光合能力和生物量综合影响较优。【结论】AMF的定殖能够有效促进夏雪片莲的生长,而且不同的AMF定殖对光合作用的影响效果不一;其中Dt和Mi对夏雪片莲的光合能力和生物量综合促进作用较好,Fm对夏雪片莲的株高具有促进作用,对光合能力影响不显著。

【Objective】This study investigated the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Leucojum aestivum. 【Method】Two-year-old bulbils of L. aestivum were selected as the experimental material. The experimental design consisted of five groups, three of which received single AMF inoculations [inoculated with Rhizophagus intraradices (Ri), Funneliformis mosseae (Fm), and Diversispora tortuosa (Dt)]. The fourth group was inoculated with a 1∶1∶1 mixture of the three AMF species (Mi), and the control group was inoculated with a sterilized 1∶1∶1 mixture of the AMFs. After two months, plant height, fresh and dry weight, and photosynthetic characteristics of L. aestivum were measured. 【Result】The Fm group exhibited the highest infection rate at 69.38%, while the Ri group had the lowest infection rate at 36.93%. The infection rate in the Ri group was significantly lower than those of the Fm, Dt, and Mi groups. Among the treatment groups, the Fm group showed the most plant height (43.46 cm) and the dry weight (39.94 g). Photosynthetic parameters indicated that the Ri group had the most average stomatal conductance [Gs = 0.30 mol/(m²·s), intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci = 331 μmol/mol), and transpiration rate (Tr = 3.45 mmol/(m²·s), with the transpiration rate significantly higher than in the control group (CK)]. Correlation analysis revealed a generally significant positive correlation between net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and Gs across all treatments, except for leaf stomatal conductance (Ls) and Ci. Although other photosynthetic indices exhibited correlations, no consistent pattern was observed across treatments. Membership function analysis indicated that the inoculation effect of the Mi group was the most beneficial, followed by Dt. 【Conclusion】AMF colonization effectively promotes the growth of L. aestivum. The effects on photosynthesis vary across different AMF species, with Dt and Mi significantly enhancing the photosynthetic capacity and biomass of L. aestivum. In contrast, Fm positively affected plant height but did not significantly influence photosynthetic capacity.