基于多源数据的南京市公园降温效应研究

朱云凤; 王红; 覃书鸿; 杨易; 汪逸聪

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202310019

基于多源数据的南京市公园降温效应研究

朱云凤, 王红, 覃书鸿, 杨易, 汪逸聪

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3) : 285-294.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3) : 285-294. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202310019

研究论文

基于多源数据的南京市公园降温效应研究

朱云凤 ¹ ,
王红 ¹^,^* ,
覃书鸿 ² ,
杨易 ³ ,
汪逸聪 ⁴

作者信息 +

Research on the cooling effect of parks in Nanjing based on multi-source data

ZHU Yunfeng ¹ ,
WANG Hong ¹^,^* ,
QIN Shuhong ² ,
YANG Yi ³ ,
WANG Yicong ⁴

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】利用拐点法量化公园的降温效应,并确定具有高效降温效应的公园面积和周长阈值范围,基于多源数据综合考虑城市公园的内部和外部特征对其降温效应的影响。【方法】基于2019年9月13日Landsat-8遥感影像,采用辐射传输法反演地表温度;基于高分二号遥感影像,采用随机森林法进行土地覆被分类;基于百度地图兴趣面(area of interest,AOI)获取83个公园边界。利用拐点法得到公园的降温强度和降温距离,利用相关性分析和SHAP分析,从公园内景观特征、公园内环境特征和公园外环境特征3个方面探讨影响因子与公园降温效应之间的关系。【结果】 ①公园的降温面积阈值为18~19 hm²,周长阈值在1.9~2.0 km。②公园内部的建设用地高占比和较高的斑块密度会削弱公园降温效应,而水体和绿地的占比则可增强公园降温效应;面积加权周长比越小的公园越有助于公园降温效应的发挥。③公园内植被结构参数和生理特征对降温效应有显著影响,植被冠层越高、长势越好,降温距离越远;土壤含水量对降温效应至关重要。④公园外部较高的建筑高度和高道路密度会削弱公园降温效应。【结论】公园的降温效应受到公园内外景观特征和环境特征的影响。可以通过提高公园景观的完整性、合理配置绿地水体和培育优质植被等措施来改善公园降温效应,从而缓解城市热岛效应。

Abstract

【Objective】 The study aimed to quantify the cooling effect of parks using the inflection point method, and to determine the area and perimeter thresholds of parks with an efficient cooling effect. The internal and external characteristics of urban parks and their influence on the cooling effect was analyzed based on multi-source data. 【Method】 The radiative transfer method was used to retrieve the surface temperature from Landsat-8 remote sensing images on September 13, 2019, and the land cover was classified using the random forest method based on Gaofen-2 remote sensing images. The area of interest (AOI) on the Baidu map was used to determine the boundaries of 83 parks. The inflection point method was used to determine the cooling intensity and cooling distances of parks. The relationship between the cooling effect of parks and three influencing factors, namely, features of the landscape, internal park environment, and external park environment, was determined by correlation analysis and the SHAP analysis. 【Result】 The cooling threshold of parks encompassed an area of 18-19 hm² with a perimeter of about 1.9-2.0 km. The results of feature indicator analysis revealed that the cooling effect of parks can be reduced by a high proportion of construction land and a high patch density within the parks, but enhanced by a high proportion of waterbodies and green spaces. Parks with a smaller area-weighted perimeter ratio had a higher cooling efficiency. The structural parameters and physiological characteristics of the vegetation had a significant influence on the cooling effect of parks. The cooling distances of parks increased was higher in the proportion of vegetation with better growth and greater canopy height. Soil moisture also played a crucial role in the cooling effect of parks. However, the cooling effect was weakened by the presence of surrounding buildings of greater height and a higher road density outside the parks. 【Conclusion】 The cooling effect of parks is influenced by internal and external landscape features and environmental characteristics. The cooling effect of parks can be enhanced by improving the integrity of the landscape, ensuring the distribution of green spaces and waterbodies, and cultivating high-quality vegetation, to mitigater the urban heat island effect.

导出引用

朱云凤, 王红, 覃书鸿, 等. 基于多源数据的南京市公园降温效应研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2024, 48(3): 285-294 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202310019

ZHU Yunfeng, WANG Hong, QIN Shuhong, et al. Research on the cooling effect of parks in Nanjing based on multi-source data[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2024, 48(3): 285-294 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202310019

中图分类号： TP79

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