【目的】枣飞象(Pcythropus yasumatsui)是危害枣树(Ziziphus jujuba)的重要害虫,给陕北枣产区造成了严重的经济损失。研究枣飞象成虫触角感器微观结构,以揭示该象甲搜寻寄主、寻找配偶和聚集行为的化学通讯机理。【方法】从陕西省榆林市佳县枣园采集枣飞象,将其触角切下依次进行固定、清洗和干燥,利用光学显微镜进行触角形态结构观察,然后利用离子溅射仪给触角喷金,利用扫描电镜对触角上感器的超微结构和分布进行了观察和分析,按照经典的命名方法对感器类型进行了分类和命名。【结果】枣飞象雌、雄成虫均为膝状触角,共3节,柄节、梗节和鞭节各1节,其中鞭节分为7亚节,第7鞭亚节膨大,呈火焰状。在雌、雄成虫触角上共着生有7类13种感器和表皮孔,包括4种刺形感器、1种鳞形感器、3种毛形感器、2种锥形感器、1种芽孢形感器、1种钟形感器和蒲姆氏鬃毛,其中数量最多的是刺形感器,其次为鳞形感器。雌雄成虫之间触角感器的类型没有差异,感器数量上雌虫多于雄虫。【结论】枣飞象触角共有7类13种感器,新发现了刺形感器Ⅳ、锥形感器Ⅱ、毛形感器Ⅱ、钟形感器和蒲姆氏鬃毛,它们在寄主定位、求偶和聚集过程中发挥着重要作用,可作为进一步研究该虫化学生态调控技术的参考。

【Objective】Pcythropus yasumatsui(Coleoptera: Curculionida) is a type of weevil, which is an important pest of Ziziphus jujuba, causing serious economic losses to the jujube area in northern Shaanxi. Studying the ultrastructure of the antennal sensilla of the weevil is helpful to understand the chemical communication mechanism of the weevil’s searching host, mating and aggregation behavior.【Method】P. yasumatsui adults were collected from jujube orchard in Jia County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province. The antennae were cut off and fixed, cleaned and dried in turn. The morphological structure of the antennae was observed by optical microscope. Then, the antennae were sprayed with gold by ion sputtering instrument. The ultrastructure and distribution of the sensilla on the antennae were observed and analyzed by the scanning electron microscope. Finally, the types of sensilla were classified and named according to the classical naming method.【Result】The female and male adults of P. yasumatsui were both geniculate antenna, with a total of three segments, one segment of scape,one segment of pedicel and one segment of flagellum. The flagellum was divided into seven subsegments, and the 7th subsegment of flagellum was enlarged and showed a flame shape. There were seven types and 13 kinds of sensilla and culticular pores on the antennae of female and male adults, including four kinds of sensilla chaetica, one kind of sensilla squamiformia, three kinds of sensilla trichodea, two kinds of sensilla basiconica, one kind of sensilla gemmiformium, one kind of sensilla campaniformia and Böhm bristles. Among them, the number of sensilla chaetica was the largest, followed by sensilla squamiformia. There was no difference in the types of antennal sensilla between male and female adults. However, the number of females’ antennal sensilla was more than that of males.【Conclusion】The antennae of P. yasunatsui have a total of seven types and 13 kinds of sensilla, sensilla chaetica Ⅳ, sensilla basiconica Ⅱ, sensilla trichodea Ⅱ, sensilla campaniforme and Böuhm’s bristles were newly discovered.They play an important role in host localization, courtship and aggregation, and could be used as a reference for further research on the chemical ecological regulation technology of P. yasumatsui.