余姚市生态公益林主要群落物种多样性及生物量空间格局影响因素研究

刘如梦; 张晓勉; 顾嘉诚; 许俊; 岳春雷; 李贺鹏; 黄旭波

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202402015

刘如梦, 张晓勉, 顾嘉诚, 许俊, 岳春雷, 李贺鹏, 黄旭波

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5) : 103-112.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5) : 103-112. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202402015

研究论文

余姚市生态公益林主要群落物种多样性及生物量空间格局影响因素研究

刘如梦 ¹ ,
张晓勉 ²^,^* ,
顾嘉诚 ¹ ,
许俊 ³ ,
岳春雷 ² ,
李贺鹏 ² ,
黄旭波 ²

作者信息 +

Research on species diversity, biomass spatial pattern and its influencing factors of the main community in the ecological public welfare forest in Yuyao City

LIU Rumeng ¹ ,
ZHANG Xiaomian ²^,^* ,
GU jiacheng ¹ ,
XU Jun ³ ,
YUE Chunlei ² ,
LI Hepeng ² ,
HUANG Xubo ²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】探索余姚市生态公益林6种主要群落物种多样性及生物量空间格局,分析环境因子对公益林生物量和物种多样性的影响。【方法】以2020年浙江省余姚市生态公益林175个样地调查数据为基础,采集各样地乔木、灌木层的物种、树高、胸径、地径、盖度等数据,结合林分因子及相应气候和土壤因子数据,分析余姚市生态公益林6种主要群落类型物种多样性、生物量空间格局及与环境因子间的关系。【结果】①余姚市生态公益林生物量现存总量为6.048×10⁶ t,平均单位面积生物量为163.61 t/hm²。②公益林主要群落生物量表现出明显的空间规律,整体呈北高南低的空间分布特征,与海拔、纬度、平均树高和平均胸径均显著正相关(P<0.05),与降水量显著正相关(P<0.05),与土壤容重显著负相关(P<0.05),与土壤氮和土壤磷含量显著正相关(P<0.05)。③不同群落Shannon-Wiener指数总体差异显著(P<0.05),从大到小表现为阔叶林>针阔混交林>竹林>杉木林>松林>灌木林,Shannon-Wiener指数与郁闭度、平均胸径呈显著相关(P<0.05),与土壤氮、有机质含量和土壤含水率显著正相关(P<0.05)。【结论】余姚市生态公益林主要群落生物量空间异质性呈显著的地理分层特征,在空间分布上受多维度环境因素综合作用,主要受地形因子(海拔、纬度)、林分特征(平均胸径、树高)与土壤条件(土壤氮、磷含量、容重)的耦合驱动。群落物种多样性对环境梯度呈现差异响应:阔叶林通过郁闭度与土壤肥力(有机质、含水率)的协同作用维持最大Shannon-Wiener指数;降水驱动公益林生物化学过程,与群落生物量积累存在显著相关性。

Abstract

【Objective】The study aims to investigate the species diversity and biomass spatial patterns of six dominant community types in Yuyao’s ecological welfare forests, and to elucidate the impacts of environmental factors on forest biomass and biodiversity. 【Method】Based on 2020 survey data from 175 sample plots in Yuyao City, Zhejiang Province, this study analyzed tree and shrub layer characteristics including species composition, tree height, DBH (diameter at breast height), basal diameter, and coverage. Combined with stand factors, climatic data, and soil parameters, we systematically examined the spatial distribution patterns of species diversity and biomass across different communities, along with their relationships with environmental variables. 【Result】(1) The total standing biomass of ecological welfare forests in Yuyao reached 6.048 million tons, with an average biomass density of 163.61 t/hm². (2) Significant spatial heterogeneity in biomass distribution was observed, showing a distinct “north-high, south-low pattern”. Biomass demonstrated significant positive correlations with altitude (P<0.05), latitude (P<0.05), mean tree height (P<0.05), DBH (P<0.05), precipitation(P<0.05), soil nitrogen content (P<0.05), and soil phosphorus content(P<0.05), while exhibiting significant negative correlation with soil bulk density(P<0.05). (3)The Shannon-Wiener diversity index varied significantly among communities (P<0.05), showing the following descending order: broad-leaved forests > coniferous-broadleaved mixed forests > bamboo forests > Chinese fir forests > pine forests > shrublands. The diversity index displayed significant positive correlations with canopy closure (P<0.05), mean DBH (P<0.05), soil nitrogen content(P<0.05), soil organic matter content (P<0.05), and soil moisture content (P<0.05).【Conclusion】The spatial heterogeneity of biomass in major communities of Yuyao’s ecological welfare forests exhibits significant geographical stratification characteristics, with its spatial distribution governed by the integrated effects of multidimensional environmental factors. Specifically, it is primarily driven by the coupling effects of topographic factors (altitude, latitude), stand characteristics (mean DBH, tree height), and soil conditions (soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and bulk density). Community species diversity demonstrates differential responses to environmental gradients: broad-leaved forests maintain the maximum Shannon-Wiener index through synergistic effects between canopy closure and soil fertility (organic matter, moisture content). Precipitation-driven forest biogeochemical processes show significant correlations with community biomass accumulation.

导出引用

刘如梦, 张晓勉, 顾嘉诚, 等. 余姚市生态公益林主要群落物种多样性及生物量空间格局影响因素研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2025, 49(5): 103-112 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202402015

LIU Rumeng, ZHANG Xiaomian, GU jiacheng, et al. Research on species diversity, biomass spatial pattern and its influencing factors of the main community in the ecological public welfare forest in Yuyao City[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2025, 49(5): 103-112 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202402015

中图分类号： S718.5

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