覆盖林地重度退化雷竹林竹笋品质与土壤养分关联分析

凡莉莉, 李余新, 陈双林, 汪舍平, 张景润, 郭子武

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1) : 188-195.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
PDF(4909 KB)
南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1) : 188-195. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202402022
研究论文

覆盖林地重度退化雷竹林竹笋品质与土壤养分关联分析

作者信息 +

The relationship between bamboo shoot quality and soil nutrients in severely degraded Phyllostachys violascens forests with mulching

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文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】 覆盖林地退化导致雷竹(Phyllostachys violascens)林土壤性状发生劣变,对高品质竹笋形成产生了负面影响。探究影响退化雷竹林竹笋品质形成的关键土壤养分因子,旨在为退化竹林恢复及竹笋品质提升提供科学依据。【方法】以覆盖林地重度退化雷竹林和正常雷竹林为对象,比较竹笋外观色泽、营养品质和食味品质的差异,通过相关性分析和主成分分析探究其与土壤养分的制约性关系。【结果】雷竹林重度退化后,林地土壤pH比正常雷竹林的显著降低65.42%(P<0.05),但其全效养分和速效养分含量均显著增加(P<0.05);退化雷竹林竹笋鲜质量、基径和可食率比正常雷竹林均减小,但竹笋高径比和笋箨色泽因子提高,其中笋箨颜色对林地退化具有显著响应(P<0.05);退化雷竹林竹笋蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉和维生素C含量比正常雷竹林的显著减少(P<0.05),但木质素和纤维素含量显著提高(P<0.05);退化雷竹林竹笋总酸、草酸和单宁含量比正常雷竹林的显著增加(P<0.05),但可溶性糖含量和糖酸比显著降低(P<0.05),氨基酸组分含量及占比无显著差异;相关性分析和主成分分析表明,土壤pH是竹笋营养品质和糖酸呈味物质形成的重要影响因子,而氮、磷是影响竹笋色泽、粗糙度和酸涩呈味物质的关键土壤养分因子。【结论】重度退化雷竹林竹笋外观和营养品质以及适口性发生明显劣变,与土壤pH降低、氮磷养分升高密切相关。

Abstract

【Objective】 Forest degradation leads to adverse changes in soil characteristics in mulched Phyllostachys violascens forests, negatively impacting bamboo shoot quality. This study aims to investigate the key soil nutrients affecting bamboo shoot quality in degraded P. violascens forests, providing scientific insights for the restoration and sustainable management of these forests. 【Method】The research examined severely degraded P. violascens and normal bamboo forests, comparing differences in bamboo shoot appearance, nutritional quality, and taste quality. Additionally, the study analyzed the constraining relationship between these qualities and soil nutrients. 【Result】After forest degradation, the soil pH significantly decreased by 65.42% compared to the normal bamboo forest (P<0.05). However, the total and available nutrient content significantly increased (P < 0.05). In degraded forests, the fresh weight, base diameter, and edibility rate of bamboo shoots was decreased compared to those in normal bamboo forests. However, the height-diameter ratio and shoot sheath color factors increases. Notably, shoot sheath color significantly responded to forest degradation (P<0.05). Protein, fat, starch, and vitamin C contents of bamboo shoots in degraded bamboo forests significantly decreased compared to those in normal bamboo forests (P<0.05), while the lignin and cellulose contents significantly increased (P< 0.05). In degraded forests, the total acid, oxalic acid, and tannin contents of bamboo shoots significantly increased compared to normal bamboo forests (P<0.05), whereas the soluble sugar and sugar-acid ratio significantly decreased (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the amino acid composition and proportion between both forest types. Correlation and principal component analysis indicate that soil pH significantly influenced the nutritional quality and formation of sugar-acid taste compounds in bamboo shoots, while nitrogen and phosphorus were crucial for influencing color, roughness, and the formation of acidic and astringent taste compounds in bamboo shoots. 【Conclusion】The severe degradation of P. violascens forests significantly deteriorates bamboo shoot appearance, nutritional quality, and palatability. This deterioration is closely associated with decreased soil pH and increased nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients.

关键词

竹林退化 / 雷竹 / 竹笋 / 营养品质 / 风味物质 / 土壤养分

Key words

bamboo forest degradation / Phyllostachys violascens / bamboo shoots / nutritional quality / flavor compounds / soil nutrients

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凡莉莉, 李余新, 陈双林, 等. 覆盖林地重度退化雷竹林竹笋品质与土壤养分关联分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2026, 50(1): 188-195 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202402022
FAN Lili, LI Yuxin, CHEN Shuanglin, et al. The relationship between bamboo shoot quality and soil nutrients in severely degraded Phyllostachys violascens forests with mulching[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(1): 188-195 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202402022
中图分类号： S718.7   

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基金

浙江省省院合作林业科技项目(2024SY13)
中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项项目(CAFYBB2023MA004)
浙江省林业科技推广项目(2022B03)

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