【目的】探究不同砧穗组合对青钱柳嫁接苗成活率、生长和次生代谢产物等方面的影响,分析不同砧穗组合青钱柳嫁接苗嫁接完全成活后相关生长指标及叶片有效成分的差异,为青钱柳嫁接苗的科学繁育提供理论支撑。【方法】2023年春季,在南京溧水区南京林业大学白马实验基地以湖北五峰(WF)、广西金钟山(JZS)、陕西略阳(LY)种源青钱柳1年生苗为砧木,以青钱柳2年根1年干无性系LS3、LC4、CR4为接穗进行枝接,测定嫁接苗成活率等生长指标,将叶片烘干粉碎制成提取液,以芦丁为标准品测黄酮含量,以香草醛-冰醋酸比色法测三萜含量,使用福林酚法测多酚含量。【结果】不同青钱柳砧穗组合嫁接苗成活率差异极其显著,WF-CR4和JZS-CR4组合成活率达80%,而以LC4为接穗的嫁接组合成活率仅为30%,不同砧木的嫁接苗成活率差异不显著;不同砧木的嫁接苗各项生长指标均差异显著,其中LY-LC4组合的接穗生长6个月长度最高达106.13 cm,WF-LC4组合的仅为38.56 cm,各接穗在组合间生长指标无显著差异;不同砧穗组合嫁接苗叶片三萜、多酚含量无显著差异,不同接穗组合的黄酮含量差异显著,LC4为接穗的叶片黄酮含量(质量分数)较高,LY-LC4组合的叶片黄酮含量(质量分数)高达19.50 mg/g,JZS-LS3的仅为11.69 mg/g。【结论】青钱柳接穗差异对嫁接苗成活率影响显著,CR4为接穗时嫁接成活率较高;砧木差异对嫁接苗生长状况影响显著,广西略阳(LY)为砧木的嫁接苗生长最旺盛;青钱柳叶片黄酮含量与接穗差异显著相关。以JZS-CR4、WF-CR4组合成活率最高,达80%,是繁育高含量三萜、多酚等叶用林的优良组合。

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the effects of different rootstock-scion combinations on the survival rate, growth performance, and secondary metabolite accumulation in grafted seedlings of Cyclocarya paliurus, and to analyze the variations in related growth traits and bioactive leaf components after successful grafting. The findings are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific propagation of C. paliurus grafted seedlings.【Method】In spring 2023, one-year-old seedlings of C. paliurus from three provenances-Wufeng, Hubei (WF); Jinzhongshan, Guangxi (JZS); and Lueyang, Shaanxi (LY)-were used as rootstocks. Two-year-root, one-year-stem clones ‘LS3', ‘LC4' and ‘CR4' were grafted as scions via branch grafting at the Baima Experimental Base of Nanjing Forestry University in Lishui District, Nanjing. Survival rates and growth parameters of the grafted seedlings were recorded. Dried leaf samples were ground and extracted to determine flavonoid content using rutin as a standard, triterpenoid content via the vanillin-glacial acetic acid colorimetric method, and polyphenol content using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay.【Result】Significant differences were observed in the grafting survival rates among different scion combinations. The combinations WF-CR4 and JZS-CR4 achieved the highest survival rate of 80%, whereas those with LC4 as the scion had the lowest survival rate of only 30%. No significant differences were detected in survival rates among rootstocks. Growth indicators varied significantly among rootstocks. The LY-LC4 combination showed the greatest scion growth length at six months, reaching 106.13 cm, while WF-LC4 showed the lowest, at 38.56 cm. No significant differences were detected among scion combinations in growth metrics. Leaf triterpenoid and polyphenol contents did not differ significantly among rootstock-scion combinations. However, flavonoid content varied significantly with scion type. Grafts with LC4 scions exhibited higher flavonoid levels, with the LY-LC4 combination reaching the highest value of 19.50 mg/g, and JZS-LS3 the lowest, at 11.69 mg/g.【Conclusion】Scion genotype significantly influenced graft survival rate, with CR4 yielding the highest survival rate. Rootstock provenance markedly affected seedling growth, with Lueyang (LY) rootstocks promoting the most vigorous growth. Leaf flavonoid content was strongly associated with scion type. The combinations JZS-CR4 and WF-CR4, with survival rates up to 80%, are recommended as superior combinations for cultivating leaf-oriented plantations aimed at triterpenoid and polyphenol production.